CHAPTER 5: ELECTRONS IN ATOMS CHEMISTRY

True/False

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

____1.There are a total of 5 d-orbitals.

____2.The photoelectric effect describes the emission of electrons from a metal’s surface when light at a specific frequency shines on it.

____3.Although the precise location of an electron cannot be determined, it is possible to determine the probability that an electron will occupy a certain region around the nucleus.

____4.In the visible light spectrum, red light has a greater frequency (energy) than violet light.

____5.[Kr]5s24d105p5 is the correct electron configuration for the element Bromine.

____6.The maximum number of allowed valence electrons in any atom is 8.

____7.Each element has its own unique emission spectrum.

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____8.Which label identifies the amplitude of the wave shown?

a. / A / c. / C
b. / B / d. / D

____9.Which label identifies the wavelength of the wave shown?

a. / A / c. / C
b. / B / d. / D

____10.Which label identifies the trough of the wave shown?

a. / A / c. / C
b. / B / d. / D

____11.Which diagram shows a wave with the highest frequency?

a. / A / c. / C
b. / B / d. / D

____12.Which type of wave has a wavelength of approximately 10-12 meters?

a. / microwaves / c. / Gamma rays
b. / AM radio

____13.Which is the correct number of valence electrons in the element Gallium (Ga, Z=31)?

a. / 3 / c. / 1
b. / 31

____14.Which is the correct number of valence electrons in the element Sulfur (S, Z=16)?

a. / 16 / c. / 4
b. / 6

____15.Which is the correct electron configuration for the element Molybdenum (Mo, Z=42)?

a. / 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s6 / c. / 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d4
b. / 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d4

____16.According to ______, one electron must occupy each orbital before a second electron of opposity spin is added.

a. / Heisenberg Uncertainty Principl / c. / Aufbau Principle
b. / Hund’s Rule

____17.Which is the correct electron dot diagram for the element Silicon (Si, Z=14)?

a. / Si / c. / Si
b. / Si

____18.Which scientist is credited for the Planetary Atomic Model of the atom?

a. / Rutherford / c. / Schoedinger
b. / Bohr

____19.Which scientist is credited for the Quantum Mechanical Model (electron cloud model) of the atom?

a. / Rutherford / c. / Bohr
b. / Schoedinger

____20.The ______states that is is impossible to know both the velocity and location of a particle at the same time.

a. / Pauli Exclusion Principle / c. / Aufbau Principle
b. / Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

____21.An element has an electron configuration of [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p4. How many valence electron are there?

a. / 4 / c. / 6
b. / 16

____22.The electron configuraion of S is [Ne] 3s2 3p4. Which is the correct electron dot structure?

a. / S / c. / S
b. / S

____23.Once atoms gain energy, their electrons may jump to a(n) ______state.

a. / excited / c. / valence
b. / ground

____24.The ______are the electrons found in the highest prinipal energy level.

a. / valence / c. / critical
b. / excited

____25.The arrangement of electrons in an atom is called the ______of an atom.

a. / electron configuation / c. / electron dot diagram
b. / orbital diagram

____26.The ______principle states that a maximum of two electrons may occupy a single atomic orbital, but only if the electrons have opposite spins.

a. / Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle / c. / Hund’s Rule
b. / Pauli Exclusion Principle

Short Answer

27.A student records the following electron configuration for the element Arsenic (As). Please correct any mistakes.

1s22s22p63s23p64s24d104p3

28.A student draws the following orbital diagram for Phosphorus. If there are any mistakes, please correct them.

29.Is this orbital diagram correct? If not, please correct.

Problem

30.For the element At (85 electrons):

a.)Write its electron configuration using noble gas notation

b.)Draw its orbital diagram

c.)Circle its valence electrons in the electron configuration

d.) Draw its electron dot structure

BONUS

31.What is the maximum number of valence electrons an atom can have? Can there ever be any valence electrons in the d or f orbitals? Explain.