FCS 324/Psych 370

Chapter 3 Review Items

  1. ______is when the ovum and sperm unite and form a new, unique individual with genetic information from the mother and father.
  1. The period of the zygote lasts about ______weeks after conception, from fertilization until implantation.
  1. List the two parts of the amnion and their functions:
  2. ______
  3. ______
  1. The ______permits food and oxygen to reach the developing organism and waste products to be carried away.
  1. The placenta is connected to the developing organism by the ______.
  1. The period of the ______lasts from implantation through the eighth week of pregnancy.
  1. True or False: The most rapid prenatal changes take place during the period of the embryo.
  1. The period of the fetus, from the ninth week until the end of pregnancy, is sometimes referred to as the ______phase.
  1. Prenatal development is sometimes divided into ______, or three equal periods of time.
  1. The age at which the baby can first survive if born early is the call the age of ______. This typically occurs around ______weeks.
  1. True or False: Research shows that the fetus develops a preference for the tone and rhythm of the mother’s voice during the last weeks of pregnancy?
  1. What is a teratogen? ______
  1. Give examples of teratogens provided in the book:
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______
  6. ______
  7. ______
  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______
  1. True or False: The fetal period is the time when teratogens are most likely to cause serious defects?
  1. True or False: The effects of teratogens are limited to physical damage.
  1. Name and describe the three stages of childbirth.
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  1. The average newborn is ______inches long and ______pounds in weight. On average (boys/girls) tend to be slightly larger. NOTE: use class information as well as text information in answering
  1. At birth, the head is very (small/large) in relation to the trunk and legs?
  1. List the five characteristics assessed by the Apgar Scale, taken at one and five minutes after birth.
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______
  6. ______
  1. On the Apgar Scale, a score of ______or better indicates that the infant is in good physical condition; a score between ______and ______indicates that the baby requires special assistance; a score of ______or below indicates a dire emergency.
  1. Explain the natural or prepared childbirth approach. ______

______

  1. Explain the purpose of fetal monitoring.

______

______

  1. True or False: Some form of medication is used in more than 80 percent of births in the United States.

24.What is a cesarean delivery?

______

______

  1. Babies are considered premature if they are born ______weeks or more before the end of a full 38-week pregnancy or if the weigh less than ______pounds. NOTE: use class information as well as text information in answering
  1. Distinguish between preterm and small-for-date babies.

Preterm: ______

______

Small-for-date: ______

______

  1. Of the two types of babies (preterm/small-for-date) infants usually have more serious problems.

28.What is a reflex and when do most newborn reflexes disappear?

______

______

  1. Match each reflex with the appropriate response or function descriptor.

_____ Spontaneous grasp of adult’s finger1. stepping

_____Helps infant find the nipple2. (palmar) grasp _____ Prepares infant for voluntary walking 3. rooting

_____ Permits feeding4. sucking

_____ In our evolutionary past, may have helped5. moro

infant cling to mother

  1. Name and describe the five infant states of arousal.
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______
  6. ______
  1. Approximately how much of the day does an average newborn sleep?

______

  1. True or False: Infants are born with a poorly developed sense of touch, and consequently, they are not sensitive to pain.
  1. True or False: Infants not only have taste preferences, but they are also capable of communicating these preferences to adults through facial expressions.
  1. True or False: Newborn infants are attracted to the scent of a lactating woman, but they are unable to discriminate the smell of their own mother’s breast from that of an unfamiliar lactating woman.
  1. True or False: Infants prefer pure tones to complex sounds.
  1. Vision is the (most/least) mature of the newborn baby’s senses.

37.______-- the number of deaths in the first year of life per 1,000 live births – is an index used around the world to assess the overall ______of a nation’s children.