Chapter 28-30 Take Home Test AP Euro
1. The first area of conflict in the unfolding of the Cold War was
a. Scandinavia.
b. Western Europe.
c. North Africa.
d. Eastern Europe.
e. East Asia.
2. A key factor contributing to the development of the Cold War in Eastern Europe was
a. the withdrawal of victorious Russian armies from lands conquered during the campaign against Nazism.
b. raids by American troops pursuing German Nazi war criminals into areas of the former Third Reich under Russian control.
c. Stalin’s desire to establish pro-Soviet governments in the countries of Eastern Europe to serve
as a buffer zone against possible western attacks on the Soviet Union.
d. the domination of Austrian and Italian politics by popular pro-Communist parties.
e. the threat to continued instability by the rise of neo-fascist parties.
3. The Truman Doctrine was a consequence of a civil war in
a. Yugoslavia.
b. Greece.
c. Italy.
d. Czechoslovakia.
e. Poland.
4. The Truman Doctrine did all of the following except
a. condemn the victory of the Communists in the Chinese civil war.
b. call for $400 million in aid for nations threatened by aggression
c. assistance in the defense of Greece and Turkey.
d. express America's fear of Communist expansion in Europe.
e. announce the United States’ intention to support “free peoples” throughout the world.
5. The Marshall Plan
a. was viewed by Western Europe as Capitalist imperialism.
b. included Soviet Union and Eastern Europe.
c. was not considered a success.
d. came to an abrupt end with the imposition of the Berlin Blockade by the Soviet Union.
e. intended to rebuild European prosperity and stability.
6. In 1948, the Soviets blocked western access to
a. Vienna.
b. Warsaw.
c. Berlin.
d. Munich.
e. Prague.
7. The Communist military response to the formation of NATO was the
a. MoscowAlliance.
b. Warsaw Pact.
c. Eastern European Community.
d. Stalin Plan.
e. European Economic Community.
8. An overall effect of the Korean War on the Cold War was
a. the Soviet Union’s domination over all of Southeast Asia.
b. the end of American and Soviet involvement in Asian political affairs.
c. the reinforcement of the American determination to “contain” Soviet power.
d. a decrease in American defense spending since the capacity of the West to win the conflict outright on the battlefield demonstrated the superiority of modern weapons systems and no need to develop new war machines.
e. the continued willingness to use limited nuclear weapons in local wars.
9. The policy created in 1947 and used by the Americans against Communism was called
a. massive retaliation.
b. containment.
c. appeasement.
d. curtailment.
e. mutually assured destruction (MAD).
10. The event that immediately preceded and sparked the Cuban Missile Crisis was
a. the Berlin Wall.
b. Sputnik.
c. the death of Stalin.
d. the Bay of Pigs.
e. the attempted assassination of Fidel Castro by the CIA.
11. The Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 concluded with
a. improved communications between the US and the Soviet Union to prevent nuclear war.
b. the installation of Soviet missiles in Cuba.
c. the United States overthrowing Cuba’s Soviet-supported government.
d. John Kennedy backing down to the threats of Nikita Khrushchev.
e. Fidel Castro giving up his military authority in the Cuban government, although he retained
political control.
12. The origins of the Vietnam War, in part, lie in the process of decolonization because
a. the division of Vietnam into antagonistic northern and southern states occurred after Vietnamese military forces had defeated the French, former governors of the region.
b. the North Vietnamese employed mercenary soldiers from various new post-colonial African
states in a local war of liberation.
c. the United Nations, seeking to establish the post-colonial principle of national self-determination, encouraged North Vietnamese radicals to break with the West.
d. the Japanese, having lost their former empire in the Pacific, now provoked unrest in continental Asia by attempting to achieve hegemony in the region.
13. African independence parties were usually led by
a. Western-educated intellectuals.
b. unemployed urban workers.
c. Moscow-trained Communists.
d. disgruntled peasants, fearful of being besieged by western agricultural surpluses.
e. religious leaders, both Christian and Muslim.
14. The French colony in Africa which experienced considerable guerrilla war against French rule was
a. Algeria.
b. Tunisia.
c. Libya.
d. Morrocco.
e. the Sudan.
15. The Middle Eastern political leader who promoted Pan-Arabism and who advocated a sharing of Middle Eastern oil wealth equally among the Arab states was
a. Yasir Arafat.
b. Saddam Hussein.
c. Anwar al-Sadat.
d. the Shah of Iran.
e. Gamal Abdul Nasser
16. The Great Leap Forward was
a. Stalin’s stated philosophy for his last five-year plan.
b. the radicalization of the feminist movement.
c. Mao Zedong’s effort to achieve a classless society and the final stage of communism.
d. the missile race between the United States and the Soviet Union.
e. Mao Zedong’s New Economic Policy, modeled on Lenin’s economic reforms in the early
1920s.
17. As president of France, Charles de Gaulle’s position in the Cold War was to
a. closely align France with the Warsaw Pact nations.
b. make France the “third” nuclear power and pursue a largely independent political course.
c. let American policy guide France and other European nations.
d. make France the leading European power in NATO.
e. join the non-aligned third-world nations.
18. Britain’s welfare state was established during the premiership of
a.Neville Chamberlain.
b. Winston Churchill.
c. Clement Attlee.
d. Harold McMillan.
e. Harold Wilson.
19. The civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s included all of the following except
a. race riots in the Los Angeles district of Watts.
b. the Supreme Court struck down racial segregation in public schools in 1954.
c. the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
d. saw the Supreme Court approve the concept of “separate but equal” in public schools.
e. the civil rights leadership of Martin Luther King.
20. All of the following statements regarding women in the post-war era are correct except
a. many more married women joined the work force than before.
b. working women received equal pay with men by the 1960s.
c. working-class women continued to receive less pay than men.
d. the post-war “baby boom” declined in the 1960s, in part due to “the pill.”
e. much of the theoretical foundation for the women’s liberation movement was found in the work of Simone de Beauvoir.
21. The American artist Jackson Pollock was most noted for
a. a return to extreme realism in his paintings.
b. Postmodernist sculptures.
c. Pop Art, which celebrated the whims of popular culture.
d. Neo-Cubism.
e. Abstract Expressionist paintings.
22. The philosophical doctrine of existentialism stressed
a. the need for people to create their own values and give their lives meaning.
b. a return of God to the universe.
c. the human need to find the sole and true meaning and purpose of the world.
d. a complete withdrawal from an active, involved life.
e. defeatist nihilism: there is no hope.
23. American motion pictures in the post-war years have
a. been the primary vehicle for the diffusion of American popular culture throughout the world.
b. completely destroyed the avant-garde expressions of Europe’s “national cinemas.”
c. proven to be unpopular among European audiences.
d. done little to reflect the changing sentiments of contemporary society.
e. were successful artistically but failed commercially.
24. The “permissive society” is characterized by all of the following except
a. sexual freedom.
b. experimentation with drugs.
c. decriminalization of homosexuality.
d. increasing rates of divorce.
e. declining rates of divorce.
25. The recreational drug of choice among college and university students in the 1960s was
a. LSD.
b. amphetamines.
c. marijuana.
d. cocaine.
e. DDT.
26. A shocking event of the antiwar protests was the 1970 killing of four student protesters at
a. University of Nanterre.
b. Berkeley.
c. Virginia Tech.
d. KentState.
e. the Sorbonne in Paris.
27. The Soviet claim that it had the right to intervene if socialism was threatened in another socialist state was the
a. Brezhnev Doctrine.
b. Khrushchev Memorandum.
c. Stalin Decree.
d. Molotov Order.
e. Sarkharov Memo.
28. InCzechoslovakia, the “Prague Spring”
a. permanently ended communism.
b. successfully established a long-lasting democratic government.
c. was shortly brought to an end by the Red Army.
d. received support and sympathy from East Germany and Romania.
e. had the support of Mikhail Gorbachev.
29. A major cause of the 1973 economic recession in Europe was
a. the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.
b. an excessive demand for European manufactured goods world-wide, which led to higher prices.
c. a significant increase in the price of oil.
d. the election of the hard-line anti-communist Richard Nixon as president of the United States
e. the launching of the anti-capitalist Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution.
30. All of the following occurred in Great Britain under Margaret Thatcher except
a. a popular victory against Argentina in the Falklands War.
b. improved industrial production in the Midlands.
c. serious cutbacks in education.
d. large military buildup and hard-line approach against Communism.
e. the weakening of the political left of the Labour Party.
31. During the Vietnam War, the South Vietnamese Communist guerillas backed by North Vietnam were known as the
a. Dinh Diem.
b. Minhkong.
c. Vietcong.
d. Mekong.
e. Hochiminhs.
32. The economic problems of the United States in the 1970s was the result of what is referred to as
a. inflation.
b. deflation.
c. stagflation.
d. hyperism.
e. nonflation.
33. In his quest for the presidency in 1968, Richard Nixon relied upon a
a. sunbelt strategy.
b. beltway strategy.
c. white collar strategy.
d. southern strategy.
e. rainbow coalition strategy.
34. The American president who made the decision to bomb North Vietnam and who significantly increased the number of American troops in the Second Vietnam War was
a. Dwight Eisenhower.
b. Harry Truman.
c. John Kennedy.
d. Richard Nixon.
e. Lyndon Johnson.
35. The doctrine that eased Cold War tensions in the 1970s is known as
a. containment.
b. détente.
c. mutually assured destruction (MAD).
d. Star Wars.
e. the domino theory.
36. The American president who journeyed to the People’s Republic of China in 1972 was
a. Lyndon Johnson.
b. Jimmy Carter.
c. John Kennedy.
d. Gerald Ford.
e. Richard Nixon.
37. The 1975 Helsinki Agreements
a. established American military dominance in Europe.
b. accorded the Soviet Union the right to intervene in western European political affairs.
c. recognized all borders in central and eastern Europe established since World War II thereby
acknowledging a Soviet sphere of influence in Eastern Europe.
d. provided for the transfer of American nuclear weapons and submarines to Europe.
e. made Finland a nuclear-free zone.
38. Under the U.S. presidency of Jimmy Carter, a major goal of American foreign policy was
a. a new effort to contain Communism around the globe.
b. the protection of human rights globally.
c. American withdrawal from European defensive alliances to counter Soviet power.
d. the emplacement of new nuclear weapons systems in Europe for possible use against Russia.
e. to weaken the Islamic Republic of Iran by military force.
39. The American President who referred to the Soviet Union as the “evil empire” and who was a supporter of the SDI was
a. Richard Nixon.
b. Jimmy Carter.
c. Ronald Reagan.
d. George Bush.
e. Bill Clinton.
40. The American president who helped maintain a Vietman-like war in Afghanistan the by aiding anti-Soviet insurgents was
a. Richard Nixon.
b. Ronald Reagan.
c. George H.W. Bush.
d. Bill Clinton.
e. George W. Bush
41. European Green movements
a. achieved notable political successes in most European countries.
b. were not successful in mobilizing public support.
c. made average people aware of environmental problems and gained a variety of local and national political offices.
d. were primarily involved with the anti-nuclear movements in Europe.
e. were more successful in Eastern Europe than in Western Europe.
42. World-wide, the most popular of “mass sports” is
a. the Olympic Games.
b. baseball’s World Series.
c. cricket’s Test Match Special.
d. football’s Pro Bowl.
e. soccer’s World Cup.
43. The terrorist group who murdered Israeli athletes at the 1972 Olympic Games was the
a. IRA.
b. Red Army.
c. Baeder-Meinhof Gang.
d. Black September.
e. Taliban.
44. The ruling policies of Mikhail Gorbachev in the Soviet Union
a. included the forcible exportation of Russian Communism to Central and South America.
b. evoked a “New Thinking” about world affairs and the balance of power leading to new arms limitation treaties and greater autonomy for Communist regimes in Eastern Europe.
c. increased political repression in Russia and in Eastern Europe.
d. grew out of Russian misperceptions of United States strengths and failed to appreciate that
American military spending and tax reductions under Ronald Reagan had greatly increased American budget deficits.
e. led to a reform of Soviet Communism and the permanent strengthening of the Soviet regime.
45. After the breakup of the Soviet Union, the leader of Russia became
a. Boris Yeltsin.
b. Andrei Sakharov.
c. Leonid Brezhnev.
d. JosifVenediktov.
e. Vladimir Putin
46. Boris Yeltsin was succeeded as president of Russia by
a. Lech Walesa.
b. Mikhail Gorbachev.
c. Vladimir Putin.
d. Yuri Andropov.
e. Andrei Sakharov.
47. In 1988, the first free parliamentary elections to occur in Eastern Europe for forty years took place in
a. Hungary.
b. Austria.
c. Poland.
d. Estonia.
e. Lithuania
48. Probably the most symbolic events ending the Cold War was
a. the death of Mao.
b. the Helsinki Accords.
c. Russia’s defeat in the Afghan war.
d. the fall of the Berlin Wall.
e. the election of Boris Yeltsin as president of the Soviet Union.
49. Yugoslavia was divided into warring factions because of
a. demands for ethnic separatism.
b. differences of political goals.
c. support of the Serbs.
d. lack of cultural diversity.
50. The tactic of “ethnic cleansing,” murdering or forcibly removing ethnic minorities from their lands in the former Yugoslavia, is a savage strategy of modern political terror practiced most brutally by
a. Serbs.
b. Croatians.
c. Bosnians.
d. Herzgovenians.
e. Slovenes.
51. The British prime minister who gave support to the United States in the war on terror and in the Iraq
War was
a. Margaret Thatcher.
b. James Callaghan.
c. John Major.
d. Tony Blair.
e. Ramsey McDonald.
52. By 1995, a major issue in French society was
a. whether to support America’s “war on terror.”
b. to rejoin NATO, which France had left in the 1960s.
c. to leave the Common Market in protest to high subsidies to agriculture.
d. resentment against immigrants.
e. massive inflation
53. The common currency that was initially adopted by eleven member states of the European Union is
the
a. continental.
b. euro.
c. maastricht.
d. francmark.
e. freipence.
54. All of the following are correct about the Bill Clinton presidency except
a. an economic revival.
b. the adoption of a costly national health system.
c. a reduction of government budget deficits.
d. Clinton was politically damaged because of an affair with a White House intern.
e. Clinton’s vice president became the Democratic presidential candidate in 2000,
55. All of the following led to decline in George W. Bush’s popularity by his second term as president except
a. his strong support for environmental programs that were opposed by major business interests.
b. the war in Iraq.
c. tax cuts that primarily benefitted the wealthy.
d. poor handling of the relief efforts after Hurricane Katrina.
e. financial corruption in the Republican Party
56. One of the underlying causes for the end of the Cold War was
a. the fall of Khrushchev in the Soviet Union and election of Reagan in the United States.
b. financial difficulties for both the superpowers and the unbearable expenses of the arms race.
c. peace movements in both countries.
d. the end of the Afghan War.
e. the death of Gorbachev
57. The politician who called terrorism “the enemy of our generation” was
a. Tony Blair.
b. George W. Bush.
c. Vladimir Putin.
d. Jacques Chirac.
e. Bill Clinton
58. In the immediate aftermath of 9/11, the United States initially waged war in
a. Iraq.
b. the Persian Gulf.
c. Iran.
d. Pakistan.
e. Afghanistan
59. Pope Paul II was, advocated or practiced all of the following except
a. the first non-Italian pope since the sixteenth century.
b. had liberal views on birth control and women in the priesthood.
c. condemned nuclear weapons and war.
d. was a strong believer in social justice.
e. travelled widely.
60. All of the following are social challenges to globalization except
a. mass migration.
b. widening gap between the developed and developing nations.
c. increased degradation of water and soil resources.
d. a reduction in civil wars.
e. global warming