Science 8 – 6Name ______
Chapter 2 Section 4 – Cancer NotesDate ______
What is Cancer?
When you think about cancer, you can relate it to ______with some ______to fill in spots. What happens once the garden begins to grow is that your ______. Beautiful flowers will become ______which will strangle many of your plants. The ivy will ______of garden space and soil nutrients.
This is similar to what ______.
The ivy will grow ______the other plants like cancer ______the parts of our body around it.
Cancer
Cancer is a disease in which ______, damaging the parts of the body around them.
Cancer is ______.
In fact, there are more than ______.
Cancer can occur in almost ______.
Cancers are often named by the ______.
In the US today, ______is the leading cause of cancer deaths among men and women.
How Cancer Begins
Scientists think that cancer begins when something ______
______
The damage to the DNA can cause ______.
Normally, the cells in one part of the body ______with the cells around them.
Cells that go through the cell cycle ______. Other cells don’t divide at all.
Cancer begins when ______the normal cell cycle, causing cells to ______.
The cells ______as they normally do.
Without normal controls on the cell cycle, the ______
______
How Cancer Spreads
At first, ______develops in an ______way.
As the cell divides, ______like it grow near it.
In time, these cells form a ______.
______is a mass of abnormal cells that develops when cancerous cells divide and grow uncontrollably.
Tumors
Tumors often ______to grow to a ______.
During that time, the cells become more and more ______as they continue to divide.
Some of the cancerous cells may ______
______
In this way, the cancer can ______.
Treating Cancer
If a person is stricken with cancer, there are a ______that may be effective in fighting the disease.
Doctors usually treat cancer in one or more of three ways: ______
______
Detection of Cancer
When cancer is detected ______to other parts of the body, ______is usually the best treatment.
If doctors can ______the cancerous tumor, a person may be ______.
If, however, the ______or if the ______
______doctors may use ______, beams of high-energy waves.
______cells are more likely than normal cells to be ______.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy, or the use of ______.
Chemotherapy is effective because the drugs ______
______
Side-Effects of Cancer Treatment
Unfortunately none of these cancer treatments is perfect. Most have ______
Scientists continue to look for ______.
If, for example, scientists can discover how the ______, they may find ways to ______.
They might be able to “______” cancer before it ______
______to the body
Cancer Prevention
Scientists estimate that a ______of all cancer deaths are caused either by ______.
______is the main cause of ______.
When people ______their bodies to the ______
______their cells will likely become ______.
Unhealthy Diets
It might surprise you to learn that ______may lead to almost ______as tobacco does.
A diet high in ______.
Regularly eating high-fat foods, such as ______, can put a person at risk for cancer.
A diet that includes ______can help lower a person’s risk of some types of cancer.