Name: ______

Class: ______Date: ______

Chapter 14 Directed Reading

Animals and Behavior

Section: What Is an Animal?

____1. Natural bath sponges are the remains of

a. plants. c. volcanic rocks.

b. animals.d. sea grass.

ANIMAL DIVERSITY

_____2. Which list contains organisms that are NOT animals?

  1. feather stars, corals, sea fans
  2. fish, spiders, birds
  3. slugs, kangaroos, monkeys
  4. giraffes, grizzly bears, cactuses

_____3. Of the known animal species, how many are vertebrates?

a. about 10%c. about 25%

b. less than 5%d. more than 30%

______4. Of all animal species, how many are beetles?

a. about 10%c. about 25%

b. less than 5%d. more than 30%

5. An animal with a backbone is called a(n) ______.

6. Animals without backbones are called ______.

Directions: Look at the flowing list of animals. Decide if each animal is a vertebrate or an invertebrate. Write “I” if it is an invertebrate. Write “V” if it is a vertebrate.

______7. fish
______8. amphibian
______9. jellyfish
_____10. reptile
_____11. snail / _____12. bird
_____13. worm
_____14. mammal
_____15. insect

ANIMAL CHARACTERISTICS

16. Until about 200 years ago, most people thought sponges were ______.

17. All animals are ______, which means they are made of may cells.

18. Animal cells are ______, which means they have a nucleus.

19. Unlike plant cells, animal cells do not have ______.

20. Animal cells are surrounded only by ______.

21. Almost all animals reproduce ______.

22. Animals produce sex cells, which are called ______and ______.

23. An organism at an early stage of development is called a(n)______.

24. In ______, part of an organism breaks off and develops into different kinds of cells.

25. Through the process of ______, cells develop into different kinds of cells.

26. Collections of similar cells are called ______.

27. A group of tissues that carry out a special function of the body is called a(n) ______.

28. What are three things that animals use movement for?

______

______

______

29. An organism that eats other organism is called a(n) ______.

SECTION: ANIMAL BEHAVIOR

_____1. Behavior that doesn’t depend on learning or experience is called

  1. migration behavior.
  2. territory behavior.
  3. innate behavior.
  4. learned behavior.

_____2. Innate behaviors are inherited through

  1. learning.
  2. gens.
  3. colorful objects.
  4. predators.

_____3. A newborn whale’s ability to swim is an example of an innate behavior that

  1. is not present at birth.
  2. develops months or years after birth.
  3. is learned.
  4. is present at birth.

_____4. A one-year-old baby’s first steps are an example of an innate behavior that

  1. develops some time after birth.
  2. is present at birth.
  3. is learned.
  4. is tied to learning language.

5. Behavior that has been learned from experience or from observing other animals is called ______behavior.

SURVIVAL BEHAVIOR

6. Name four behaviors that animals must use to survive.

______

______

______

______

7. Animals that eat other animals are called ______.

8. The animals that are eaten are called ______.

9. Give an example of an animal that can be both predator and prey. Explain how this works.

______

______

______

______

10. A(n) ______is an area that is occupied by one animal or by a group of animals that do not allow other members of the species to enter

11. Claiming a territory allows animals to save ______by avoiding ______.

12. What are three activities animals use their territory for?

______

______

______

13. Name three things animals defend from other animals.

______

______

______

14. Describe three defensive behaviors animals may use against other animals.

______

______

______

15. The special behaviors that animals use to help them find mates are referred to as ______.

16. Many young animals depend on their ______for survival.

17. Some adult birds bring ______to their young.

18. Adult killer whales spend years teaching their young how to ______.

SEASONAL BEHAVIOR

Directions: Match the correct description with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided.

_____19. hide from the cold by burrowing in the mud
_____20. store food to prepare for the winter
_____21. migrate to central Mexico to wait for spring
_____22. fly south thousands of kilometers for the winter
_____23. hibernate to deal with winter food and water shortages
_____24. estivate to deal with summer food and water shortages /
  1. birds in the Northern Hemisphere
  1. mice, squirrels, and skunks
  1. frogs
  1. monarch butterflies
  1. desert squirrels and desert mice
  1. squirrels

25. To ______is to travel from one place to another.

26. What are four reasons animals may migrate?

______

______

______

______

27. Fixed objects that animals use to find their way along migration paths are called ______.

28. Hibernation is a period of ______and decreased ______that some animals experience in winter.

29. Hibernating animals survive on stored ______.

30. Describe what happens to an animal’s body during hibernation.

______

______

31. Do bears hibernate? Explain your answer.

______

______

______

______

______

32. A period of reduced activity that some animals undergo in the summer is called ______.

33. Give two reasons why animals need to keep track of time.

______

______

34. The internal control of an animals natural cycles is called a(n) ______.

35. What are two clues animals may use to set their internal clocks?

______

______

36. Some animals have biological clocks that keep track of daily cycles called ______.

37. Describe two behaviors that are controlled by seasonal cycles.

______

______

______

Section: SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS

1. When animals of the same species interact with each other, this behavior is called ______.

2. Animals depend of ______for their social interactions.

COMMUNICATION

3. Humans use ______to communicate.

4. In communication, a(n) ______travels from one animal to another.

5. Describe six reasons why animals may communicate.

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

WAYS TO COMMUNICATE

6. Animals communicate specific information to other animals through ______, ______, ______, and

______.

Directions: Match the animal with the way it uses sound to communicate.

_____7. sing songs in the spring to claim their territory or to attract mates
_____8. sing songs to tell other members of their species where they are
_____9. use whistles and complex clicking noises to communicate with other members of their species.
______10. howl to defend their territory from other members of their species
_____11. use low frequency rumbles to tell other members of their species where they are /
  1. wolves
  1. dolphins
  1. male birds
  1. elephants
  1. humpback whales

12. What is one advantage of using sound to communicate?

______

______

13. Why do chimpanzees groom each other?

______

______

14. The chemicals that animals use to communicate are called ______.

15. Ants ______a variety of pheromones, such as ______that can warn other ants of danger and ______that announce which colony an ant belongs to.

16. Many animals use pheromones to find a(n) ______.

17. When we smile at someone, we are using ______to send a visual message.

18. List three ways animals may use body language to communicate a message.

______

______

______

______

LIVING TOGETHER

19. A group of lions is called a(n) ______.

20. What are three advantages animals have when they live in a group?

______

______

______

21. Animals living in a group must compete with each other for ______and ______.

22. How do animals that live in a group deal with an insufficient supply of food in a particular area?

______

______

______

23. Animals that live in groups often attract ______.

Chapter 14: Animals & Behavior1