Name: ______SS

Ancient Egypt Test Review

People to know:

  • Pharaoh – rulers of Ancient Egypt. (They collected taxes, ran the military to protect Egypt, enforced laws, worshiped the gods.)
  • Menes – the king of Upper Egypt, unified Upper and Lower Egypt-wore a double crown
  • Khufu – ordered the construction of the Great Pyramid.
  • Hatshepsut – She organized trade expeditions to Punt (south of Egypt). Many monuments and temples were built during her reign.
  • Ramses the Great – one of the longest reigns in Egyptian history. He fought, and then signed apeace treaty with the Hittites.
  • Tutankhamen – pharaoh who ruled from about age 7-17. His tomb was found in 1922 by Howard Carter. Not an important pharaoh, but the only one we know a lot about since his tomb was found intact.

Writing:

  • Scribe- a writer.
  • Hieroglyphics – system of writing, based on sounds, used in Ancient Egypt.
  • Papyrus – long-lasting, paper-like material made from reeds.
  • Rosetta Stone – a stone slab that was the key to decoding hieroglyphics.

Art and Architecture

  • Sphinx – imaginary creatures with bodies of lions and heads of other animals or humans.
  • Obelisk – a tall, four-sided pillar that is pointed on the top.
  • Pyramid- a huge triangular tomb built as the final resting place for Pharaohs. Many pyramids are located close together in the Valley of the Kings.

Geography-

  • Delta – a triangle-shaped area of land made of soil deposited by a river.
  • Irrigation- a way to supply water to an area of land
  • Cataracts – strong rapids
  • Nile River-flooded annually. Used for transportation, trade, drinking, bathing, irrigation to water the crops. It flowed from south to north because of the mountains.

Additional Vocabulary to know

  • Dynasty – a series of rulers from the same family.
  • Nobles – people from rich and powerful families.
  • Elite – people of wealth and power.
  • Economy – the way a group of people manage money.
  • Trade network – a system of people in different lands who trade goods.
  • Export – items sent out of an area.
  • Import – goods brought into a region.
  • Unification- to become united, the joining of parts into one, Menes unified Egypt by uniting Upper and Lower Egypt.
  • Mummification- know the steps to make a mummy (look at your mummy packet).
  • Gods-they were polytheists. Famous story-Osiris was killed by his brother Seth. (Review the story of his death.)
  • Social Pyramid-a diagram illustrating the divisions within a culture. Usually the most powerful people are on top. (Review the pyramid from your notes)
  • Jobs- explain what they do: farmers, scribes, slaves, pharaohs, artists, priest, and embalmer. (Look at other jobs from the Mummification packet.)