Name: _Answer Key_ Pretest Score: _____/61
Posttest Score: _____/61
Ch 10+ Pretest: Cell Growth and Division
Matching:
1. __I__Having the normal number ofA. anaphase
chromosomes, 2n. 46 for humansB. autosome
2. __X__When homologous chromosomes haveC. binary fission
replicated and paired up, this formsD. chromatid
3. __A__ Stage where the centromere splits and E. chromatin
sister chromatids move to opposite F. chromosome
sides of a cellG. crossing over
4. __K__ Stage outside of cell cycle for cells that H. cytokinesis
do not divide, e.g. nerve cells.I. diploid
5. __G__ Exchange of DNA from one chromosome J. DNA
to its homolog, usually occurs during K. G0 phase
prophase I of meiosisL. G1 and G2 phases
6. __W__ Final stage of cell division, chromosomesM. haploid
are separated and nucleus reformsN. homologous chromosome
7. __Q__ Cell division where gametes form, O. interphase
daughter cells are haploidP. M phase
8. __B__ A “regular” chromosome, does not Q. meiosis
determine gender, come in pairsR. metaphase
9. __J__ Chemical that is the basis of all life,S. mitosis
contains instructions for cell functionsT. prophase
10. __N__ Pairs of chromosomes that have the same U. S phase
genes and same shape V. sex chromosome
11. __L__ A time in the cell cycle when the cell is W. telophase
functioning normally, i.e. nothingX. tetrad
special is happening
12. __D__ A single copy of a chromosome, 2 of them are joined at the centromere
togetherduring cell division
13. __S__ Cell division where identical cells are made, daughter cells are diploid
14. __H__ The stage of cell division where the contents of the cytoplasm are divided
15. __U__ The time in the cell cycle where DNA is replicated in preparation for
dividing
16. __R__ Stage of cell division where chromosomes line up in the center of the cell
17. __F__A complete set of genetic material; copies itself during cell division;
humans have 46 of them, DNA is “wound up.”
18. __T__ Stage of cell division where the nucleus breaks down, and chromosomes
become visible
19. __C__ Process of cell division for prokaryotes
20. __V__ X or Y chromosome, two of them together determine gender
21. __O__ Stages in the cell cycle, not usually considered cell division. The cell is
growing and performing specialized functions
22. __M__Half the number of chromosomes, 23 for humans; products of meiosis
contain this number
23. __E__ Form of DNA that is “unwound” long, thin strands.
24. __P__ Stage in the cell cycle where the cell divides; really two separate events,
mitosis and cytokinesis
25. – 30. Draw the cell cycle with correct relative sizes of each stage. Label each stage
andinclude G0 and interphase.
Label each of the following stages of Meiosis and identify each as haploid or diploid. 2n = 4.
Short answer:
44. - 47. Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis by naming at least 2 similarities
and 2 differences between the two processes.
Similar:
cell dividescytokinesisstages same order
Stages same general events
Differences:
Haploid vs. diploid daughter cells
Homologs pair up during meiosis
Meiosis has 2 sets of division
Meiosis has 4 daughter cells
Mitosis associated with asexual
reproduction; meiosis associated with sexual reproduction
48. – 51. Compare and contrast cell division in prokaryotes and eukaryotes by
namingat least 2 similarities and 2 differences between the two processes.
Prokaryotes: undergo binary fission
Compare: 2 daughter cells
DNA replicates
daughter cells are diploid
binary fission and mitosis associated with
asexual reproduction
Contrast: DNA is circular in prokaryotes
DNA is attached to inside of cell membrane
(not in nucleus)
Prokaryotic DNA doesn’t “line up”
No cytokinesis (no organelles)
52. – 57. DNA takes many forms during the cell cycle. Explain/describe these forms
and give an example of when in the cell cycle they can be found.
Chromatin:DNA is long, thin strands. Interphase
Chromatid:DNA is “wound” into short stubby pieces. 1 single copy is called a chromatid. Anaphase, telophase
Chromosome:DNA is “wound” into short stubby pieces. 2 chromatids held together by a centromere is a chromosome (prophase, metaphase) as well as 1 chromatid by itself is a chromosome (anaphase, telophase)
58. – 61. Differentiate (tell the difference) between sexual and asexual reproduction.
Explain whether each of the following is associated with sexual or asexual reproduction: mitosis, meiosis, binary fission.
Sexual reproduction: there is an exchange of DNA. Meiosis prepares for sexual reproduction by making gametes.
Asexual reproduction: there is no exchange of DNA. Mitosis and binary fission are considered asexual reproduction.
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