Cells

  • Cell Membrane- The membrane that ______. Controls what goes into and out of the cell
  • Ribosomes -The sites of ______. This is the “workbench” where proteins are put together.
  • Nucleus- Organelle that manages or controls all of the cell functions in a eukaryotic cell. “The ______, which contains ______.”
  • Chloroplast-Uses solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Site of ______.
  • Mitochondria- Produces a usable form of ______(ATP) for the cell. Uses glucose, oxygen and water to make ______, which cells use for energy.

Cell Membrane Structure & Function

Water / Oxygen / Glucose

Draw arrows on the cell membrane diagram that represent:

1)How each molecule moves through the membrane (directly through the phospholipid bilayer OR through the protein channel)?

2)Which direction will each molecule moves (toward the inside or toward the outside of the cell)

  • Molecules moving ______a cell membrane is called ______.
  • Water moving across a cell membrane is called ______.
  • ______transport uses ______and______transport uses ______.

Conclusion Practice


Ecology

  • Energy ______through every ecological ______.
  • Inputs = what goes ______the ecosystem
  • Outputs = what goes ______the ecosystem
  • Nutrients ______through every ecological ______.

Food Webs
  1. Increased biodiversity = ______ecosystem

Carbon Cycle
  1. Cycles ______through the ecosystem
  2. Contains ______and
______
  • Opposite chemical reactions
/ Energy Transfer between Trophic Levels
  1. ______Energy Transfer!!
  2. ______make up largest biomass

Nitrogen Cycle
  1. Cycles ______through the ecosystem
  2. ______takes nitrogen from the atmosphere and ______it to ______

Population Growth

  1. Populations will grow ______if there are no ______
  2. Examples of limiting factors are:

______

______

______

______

  1. Populations will reach ______because of limiting factors, which include:

  • ______(non-living)
  • Space & water
  • ______(living)
  • Food & Predators
/
  1. Population Density is the ______of living things in an ______.
  • Ex: 500 moose in 10 square miles = ______
  1. General Ecology
  • ______species usually ______in a new environment, some ______and take over if they have no ______.

Sustainability:

  • ______resources for future use
  • Choices we can make now that support sustainability:
  1. Substituting renewable (______) for nonrenewable (______)resources
  2. ______
  3. Using ______resources

Balancing Biological Systems (Homeostasis)

Homeostasis: ______of systems to maintain ______

  • Two things that can affect homeostasis
  1. Negative Feedback: ______causes ______; decrease causes increase
  2. Ex. Automatic Thermostat: if temperature ______in room, then the temperature ______
  3. NEGATIVE ≠ BAD
  1. Positive Feedback: ______causes ______; decrease causes decrease
  2. Ex. No shower for 2 weeks: smell from bacteria growth ______on a daily basis
  3. POSITIVE ≠ GOOD

Negative or Positive Feedback??


Deforestation /
Regulating Body Temperature
(too hot OR cold)

Body is Hungry /

DNA& Genetics

DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid; is a code for your ______(phenotype) ______

/  Physical Trait

DNA Structure

  • DNA is a ______

-“Twisted Ladder”

  • The ______of the ladder are made of 4 distinct nucleotides.

-G,C, A, and T

Making Proteins

  • ______

-DNA is read to make RNA.

  • ______

-RNA is read to make proteins.

Proteins: can be used to make ______, ______, and ______

  • Enzymes: act to ______(catalyze) chemical reactions in the body
  • Ex. ______of food, making ______, & regulating glucose

Genetics Vocabulary

Phenotype: ______

Ex. Blue eyes or Brown eyes

Genotype: what your genes are

Ex. ______

Dominant: trait/gene that is ______

Ex. BB = ______Bb= ______

Recessive: trait/gene that is ______by a dominant gene

Ex. bb = ______Bb = ______

Heterozygous: ______genes (Ex. Bb)

Homozygous: ______genes (Ex. BB or bb)

PunnettSquare: used to predict offspring

Ex. Two heterozygous bunnies are crossed; black fur is the dominant trait

Phenotypes Ratio:
Genotype Ratio:

Mitosis & Meiosis & Evolution

Mitosis: produces ______IDENTICAL cells from one cell for ______and ______

Meiosis: produces ______UNIQUE ______cells for reproduction

  • Females: Eggs Males: Sperm
  • Sex cells have ______the DNA in a UNIQUE combination.
  • UNIQUE combinations allow for ______(variation) in populations

Evolution

Evolution: ______over ______

/ All living this are related to a
______!!
Evidence of Evolution
Presence of Fossils found in Rock Layers
/ Homologous & Vestigial Structures

Homologous: Similar bone structures
Vestigial: unused body structures
Ex. whale pelvis, human wisdom teeth
DNA Comparisons

Humans and mice are ______% similar in DNA, so they are closely related
Humans and Bananas are ______% similar so they are ______closely related. / Embryos

______related organisms have similar embryos

Natural Selection: “survival of the ______and failure of the ______”

  • The “goal” of life is to ______and ______
  • Based on ability to survive in environment

Mutations in DNA: can lead to ______traits, which may help or hinder survival!!!

Organism / Environmental pressure / Traits / Which one survives? / What gene becomes more common?
Bunny Rabbit / Winter / Brown Fur
Or
White Fur
Giraffe / Tall trees / Short neck
Or
Long neck

Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

*Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration are ______chemical reactions

Photosynthesis: plants take ______(CO2) and ______(H2O) and make ______(C6H12O6) and ______(O2)

  • Plants make their own ______!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Cellular Respiration: plants AND animals make ______(ATP) by transforming ______(C6H12O6) and ______(O2) into ______(CO2) and ______(H2O)

  • ______energy in GLUCOSE is ______into the energy to live (ATP)
  • Very similar to setting something on ______(combustion), which releases carbon dioxide (CO2) into the ______.