Cell Cycle/DNA Test Review

Cell Cycle/DNA Test Review

Cell Cycle Questions

What is the cell cycle?
What are the stages of the cell cycle?
What happens during interphase? What is the name of the process that copies DNA that happens in this phase?
What is cytokinesis?
What happens when the cell is messed up or does not function properly?
Which part of the cell cycle does the cell stay in the longest?
What is cancer?

DNA Structure

What does DNA stand for?
What are the building blocks of DNA? What are the 3 parts of one building block?
Name the 4 bases in DNA.
Which base pairs with Thymine?
Which base pairs with Guanine?
What bonds connect the nucleotides?

RNA Structure

What does RNA stand for?
What are the building blocks of RNA? What are the 3 parts of one building block?
Which base pairs with Adenine?
Which base pairs with Guanine?

DNA Replication

When does replication take place?
What is the first step in DNA replication?
A replication ______is formed when it starts to replicate.
The new strand of DNA is called ______.
Replicate: CGA TTT CGG AAA TAC
Replicate: TACCGATTA ATC CGC
What 2 enzymes are involved in replication and what are their functions?

Protein Synthesis

What are the 2 steps of protein synthesis and what does each step do?
Where does transcription take place?
What is the role of mRNA in transcription?
Where does mRNA go when it leaves the nucleus?
Transcribe this DNA strand: TACGGC CGT TAA AGC
Where does translation take place?
What brings the amino acids to the mRNA strand?
What is an anticodon? Where is it found?
Translate this mRNA strand (use pg. 303 in your green book): GGC UAC UUA GCA UGA

Mutations

What is a mutation?
What are 3 causes for mutations?
What are 3 types of mutations?
Are all mutations bad?
What is a frame shift mutation?
What type of mutation is this:
ACG TTA ACG TACGGC
ACG TTACCGTACGGC

DNA Technology

What is DNA fingerprinting? How does it work?
What is gel electrophoresis?
What is recombinant DNA?
What is transformation?
What is cloning?
Make sure to understand how to read a DNA fingerprint to see who is the most related out of a group of people.

Protein Synthesis Practice – Transcribe and translate (using pg. 303 or 198 – depending on regular or honors book) these DNA sequences.

1. ATC GAA AGG CCA TAT CGC ATC

1. CGA TTT TAA CGA TCG ATT TAA ACT