47.4Minuartia L. (1753), Sp. Pl. 89. [RE]
SAlsinanthe (Fenzl) Rchb. (1841), Icon. Fl. Germ. 5: 29, t. 209 (incl.); Lidia Á. Löve & D. Löve (1976), Bot. Not. 128: 510 (incl.); Neumayera Rchb. (1841), Icon. Fl. Germ. 15: 30 (incl.) [right? in the Arctic?]; Porsildia Á. Löve & D. Löve (1976), Bot. Not. 128: 509 (incl.); Tryphane (Fenzl.) Rchb. (1841), Icon. Fl. Germ. 5: 28 [or: (1841), Nom. 205] (incl.); Wierzbickia Rchb. (1841), Icon. Fl. Germ. 5: 28 [or: (1841), Nom. 205] (incl.).
Comments:
(1)Minuartia is here kept in its collective sense. The splittings of Reichenbach and Löve & Löve are not followed. Löve & Löve (1975) include a species M. jacutica Schischk. [their Neumayera jacutica (Schischk.) Á. Löve & D. Löve] not included in Fl. Arct. URSS and therefore omitted here. The genus should also probably be excluded from the synonymy. (Elven)
(2)The 'Arenaria' synonyms are added below because Canadian authors from Porsild to Scoggan (1978), and partly still, include Minuartia in a more widely circumscribed Arenaria. (Elven)
Sect. Tryphane (Fenzl.) Hayek ***
B***
47.4.1Minuartia verna (L.) Hiern (1899), J. Bot. 37: 320.
BArenaria verna L. (1767), Mant. Pl. 72.
STryphane verna (L.) Rchb. (1841), Icon. Fl. Germ. 5: 28 [or: (1841), Nom. 28 [205??].
2n=24 (2x).
2nDLöve & Löve (1975) list numerous non-arctic counts.
GRUS SIB RFE
Comments: Subsp. verna in the Arctic.
47.4.2Minuartia rubella (Wahlenb.) Hiern (1899), J. Bot. 37: 321.
BAlsine rubella Wahlenb. (1812), Fl. Lapp. 128.
SArenaria rubella (Wahlenb.) Sm. in Sowerby (***), Engl. Bot. Suppl. t. 2538 [t. 2538 is in vol. 36, which came in 1813-14, not in the supplement]; Tryphane rubella (Wahlenb.) Rchb. *** [combination not in IK]
TNorway: Alsine rubella, Norska Nordland på Lyngentind, 11.07.1807, Wahlenberg scripsit (UPS) holotype.
2n=(1) 24 (2x). (2) 26 (2x).
2nD(1) Löve & Löve (1975) list numerous counts, many as arctic from many regions; Zhukova et al. (1977 NE As); Zhukova & Petrovsky (1980 Chuk); Zhukova (1982 S Chuk). (2) Zhukova (1966 NE As).
GICE NOR RUS SIB RFE ALA CAN GRL
Comments:
(1)The glabrous plants (var. propinqua Richardson ***) occur scattered in otherwise normal populations and probably do not deserve any taxonomic recognition. (Elven)
Sect. Alsinanthe (Fenzl) Graebn. ***
B***
The Minuartia stricta aggregate (M. dawsonensis, M. stricta)
47.4.3Minuartia stricta (Sw.) Hiern (1899), J. Bot. 37: 320.
BSpergula stricta Sw. (1799), Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 20: 235.
SArenaria stricta Michx. (1803), Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 274; Alsinanthe stricta (Sw.) Rchb. (1841), Icon. Fl. Germ. 5: 29, t. 209, f. 4935; Arenaria stricta Michx. var. uliginosa (Schleich.) Boivin ***.
TSweden: Lule Lappmark, leg. Swartz (S) holotype.
2n=(1) 26 (2x). (2) 30 (2x).
2nD(1) Zhukova (1967 Chuk). (2) Löve & Löve (1975) list some counts, at least one N Norwegian (Engelskjøn & Knaben 1971); Yurtsev & Zhukova (1982 Yakut).
GICE NOR RUS SIB RFE ALA CAN GRL
Comments:
(1)Arctic occurrences of this species are probably rare. There are many misidentifications, partly of glabrous M. rubella var. propinqua, partly of M. rossii. All material named as M. stricta from zones A-C should be critically checked. (Elven)
(2)Frequent in Chukotka. (Petrovsky)
47.4.4Minuartia dawsonensis (Britt.) Mattf. (1929), Pflanzenareale 2,6: 46 [IK: (Britt.) House (1921), Amer. Midl. Natural. 1927, 7: 132.]
BArenaria dawsonensis Britt. (1901), Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 2: 169.
SArenaria stricta (Sw.) Michx. subsp. dawsonensis (Britt.) Maguire ***; Arenaria stricta (Sw.) Michx. var. dawsonensis (Britt.) H.J. Scoggan (1978), Fl. Canada 1: 51.
T[Described from Canada: Yukon Territory, Dawson.]
2n=
2nD
GALA CAN
Comments:
(1)Possibly as close to M. stricta as to be considered a race (subspecies) of that species. (Elven & Petrovsky)
47.4.5Minuartia rossii (R. Br.) Graebn. in Asch. & Graebn. (1918), Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 5, 1: 772.
BArenaria rossii R. Br. in Richardson (1823), Bot. App. 738.
SAlsinanthe rossii (R. Br.) Á. Löve & D. Löve (1976), Bot. Not. 128: 509.
T[Described from Canada, probably Kent Peninsula.]
Comments:
(1)The differences between M. rossii and M. elegans are partly such as are to be expected between a southern seed-reproducing and a northern bulbil-reproducing part of the same taxon. However, cultivation of M. rossii under favourable conditions has not resulted in a similar reversal to flowering and seminifery as seen in C. regelii/jenisejense. I am therefore in favour of keeping them as taxa but perhaps rather as subspecies than as species. They have been 'reduced' accordingly. See, however, Wolf et al. (1979) for arguments for rank as species. (Elven)
(1)Perhaps subspecies? (Petrovsky)
47.4.5.1Minuartia rossii (R. Br.) Graebn. subsp. rossiii
S
2n=(1) 58. (2) 60 (4x).
2nD(1-2) Löve & Löve (1975) list several counts, all as arctic and mainly Russian.
GNOR RFE ALA CAN GRL
Comments:
47.4.5.2Minuartia elegans (Cham. & Schltdl.) Schischk. in Kom. (1936), Fl. URSS 6: 508.
BArenaria elegans Cham. & Schltdl. (1826), Linnaea 1: 57; Arenaria rossii R. Br. ssp. elegans (Cham. & Schltdl.) Maguire ***; Alsinanthe elegans (Cham. & Schltdl.) Á. Löve & D. Löve (1976), Bot. Not. 128: 509.
S
T[Described from Russian Far East: Chukchi Peninsula, St. Lawrence Bay. Type in LE.]
2n=60 (4x).
2nDJohnson & Packer (1968 Al); Löve & Löve in Löve (1975c).
GRFE ALA CAN
Comments:
(1)Canada is added due to finds in NW Canada during the TNW expedition of 1999 (HbGbG and O). (Elven)
Sect. Spectabilis (Fenzl) Hayek ***
B***
47.4.6Minuartia macrocarpa (Pursh) Ostenf. (1920), Medd. Grønl. 37: 226.
BArenaria macrocarpa Pursh (1814), Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 318.
SWierzbickia macrocarpa (Pursh) Rchb. (1841), Icon. Fl. Germ. 5: 30, t. 211.
T[Described from Alaska: "On the north-west coast of America", leg. Nelson.]
2n=44-48 (2x).
2nDZhukova (1966, 2n=44); Zhukova (1967 Sib, 2n=46); Knaben (1968 Ala, 2n=46); Johnson & Packer (1968 Ala, 2n=46); Zhukova & Petrovsky (1972 Wrangel I., 1977 W Chuk, 2n=46); Zhukova (1980 S Chuk, 2n=46); Zhukova & Petrovsky (1976 W Chuk, 2n=48).
GRUS SIB RFE ALA CAN
Comments:
The Minuartia arctica aggregate (M. arctica, M. obtusiloba, ?M. yukonensis)
Comments:
(1)Several authors despair about separation of M. arctica from M. obtusiloba. The confusion is also evident from the very different criteria given for the entities in most flora treatments. One should perhaps consider whether species rank is appropriate but there seems to be a distinct ploidy difference. As Löve & Löve (1975) include M. yukonensis in M. obtusiloba, M. yukonensis should be also considered part of this aggregate. (Elven)
47.4.7Minuartia arctica (Stev. ex Ser.) Graebn. in Asch. & Graebn. (1918), Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 5, 1: 772.
BArenaria arctica Stev. ex Ser. in DC. (1824), Prodr. 1: 104.
SLidia arctica (Stev. ex Ser.) Á. Löve & D. Löve (1976), Bot. Not. 128: 510.
T[Described from N Siberia.]
2n=(1) 52 (4x). (2) c. 72. (3) c. 80 (6x?).
2nD(1) Johnson & Packer (1968 Ala); Packer & McPherson (1974 Ala); Löve & Löve in Löve (1975c). (2) Zhukova? (3) Mulligan & Porsild (1969b Ala); Zhukova et al. (1977 NE Sib).
GRUS SIB RFE ALA CAN
Comments:
47.4.8Minuartia obtusiloba (Rydb.) House (1921), Amer. Midl. Natural. 7: 132.
BAlsinopsis obtusiloba Rydb. (1906), Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 140.
SArenaria obtusiloba (Rydb.) Fern. (1919), Rhodora 21: 14; Lidia obtusiloba (Rydb.) Á. Löve & D. Löve (1976), Bot. Not. 128: 510.
T[Described from USA: "On the higher parts of the Rocky Mountains".]
2n=26 (2x).
2nDZhukova & Petrovsky (1975, 1976, 1980 W Chuk); Zhukova (1982 E Chuk).
GALA CAN
Comments:
(1)As M. yukonensis is included in M. obtusiloba by Löve & Löve (1975), we have to go back to the original sources for chromosome numbers referred in their Atlas. (Elven)
47.4.9Minuartia yukonensis Hultén (1967), Ark. Bot., ser. 2, 7, 1: 52.
SLidia yukonensis (Hultén) Á. Löve & D. Löve (1976), Bot. Not. 128: 510; M. laricifolia auct., non (L.) Schinz & Thell. (1907).
TCanada: Yukon, near mouth of Klondike R, leg. Calder & Billard 3359 (***) holotype.
2n=
2nD
GRFE ALA CAN?
Comments:
(1)As M. yukonensis is included in M. obtusiloba by Löve & Löve (1975), we have to go back to the original sources for chromosome numbers. (Elven)
47.4.10Minuartia biflora (L.) Schinz & Thell. (1907), Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 7: 404.
BStellaria biflora L. (1753), Sp. Pl. 422.
SLidia biflora (L.) Á. Löve & D. Löve (1976), Bot. Not. 128: 510; Arenaria sajanensis Willd. ex Schltdl. (1813), Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berlin Mag. 7: 200.
TLinnaean herbarium 584.11 (LINN) lectotype, selected by Jonsell & Jarvis (1994, Nord. J. Bot. 14: 159).
2n=26 (2x).
2nDLöve & Löve (1975) list several counts, some as arctic; Engelskjøn (1979 N Norw); Zhukova (1980 S Chuk).
GICE NOR RUS SIB RFE ALA CAN GRL
Comments:
Sect. Uninerviae (Fenzl) Mattf. (1921), Bot. Jahrb. 52, Beih. 126: 28
BAlsine taxon Uninerviae Fenzl in Endl. (1840), Gen. Pl. 965.
47.4.11Minuartia groenlandica (Retz.), Ostenf. (1920), Medd. Grønl. 37: 226.
BStellaria groenlandica Retz. (1795), Fl. Scand. Prodr., ed. 2, 107.
SArenaria groenlandica (Retz.) Spreng. (1825), Syst. Veg. 2: 402; Porsildia groenlandica (Retz.) Á. Löve & D. Löve (1976), Bot. Not. 128: 509.
2n=20 (2x).
2nDFavarger (1962a); Löve & Löve (1966b E N Am).
GCAN GRL
Comments:
47.5Honkenya Ehrh. (1783), Neues Mag. Aerzte 5: 193. [VP]
Comments:
(1)The genus name was originally spelled 'Honkenya' by Ehrhardt, even if it was given in honour of G.A. Honckeny. It may be a border case for 'correction' according to the Rules. Kurtto in Jonsell (in prep., Flora Nordica 2) applies 'Honckenya'. (Elven)
(2)Author acc. to Kubitzki et al.: Ehrh. (1788), Beitr. Naturk. 2: 180. This must mean that they reject the 1783 publication of the name but we need to know for what reason. It will also influence the year/place of publication of the species name. (Elven)
47.5.1Honkenya peploides (L.) Ehrh. (1783), Neues Mag. Aerzte 5: 206.
BArenaria peploides L. (1753), Sp. Pl. 423.
S
TLinnaean herbarium 585.1 (LINN) lectotype, selected by Jonsell & Jarvis (1994, Nord. J. Bot. 14: 156).
Comments:
(1)The N Pacific subsp. major (Hook.) Hultén reaches arctic West Alaska, according to Hultén (1968) and to own collections. If it is not accepted as a race, it must appear either in the synonymy of subsp. diffusa, which I think wrong, or of subsp. peploides, which then must be entered as a separate entity. I have added subsp. major to Petrovsky's draft. (Elven)
47.5.1.1Honkenya peploides (L.) Ehrh. subsp. diffusa (Hornem.) Á. Löve ***
BArenaria peploides L. var. diffusa Hornem. (1821), Fors. Oecon. Plantel., ed. 3, 1: 501.
SH. diffusa (Hornem.) Á. Löve (1950), ***.
2n=(66-)68(-70).
2nDLöve & Löve (1975) list several counts in the range 66-70, mostly arctic ones; Flovik (1940 2n=66, N Norw, Svalb); Löve (1950 2n=66, Icel); Zhukova (1982 E Chuk).
GICE NOR RUS SIB RFE ALA CAN GRL
Comments:
(1)Acc. to Fl. Arct. URSS, Hultén (1937) is the author of the subspecific combination but such a valid combination was certainly not done in Fl. Aleut. Isl. (p. 173) where subsp. major is published. (Elven)
47.5.1.2Honkenya peploides (L.) Ehrh. subsp. major (Hook.) Hultén (1937), Fl. Aleut. Isl. 171.
BArenaria peploides L. var. (b) major Hook. (1833), Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 102.
S
T[Described from NW USA, Washington: "De Fuca's Straits".]
2n=68 (4x).
2nDTaylor & Mulligan (1968 W Can).
GALA
Comments:
47.6Arenaria L. (1753), Sp. Pl. 423. [VP]
SEremogone Fenzl (1833), Verbreit. Alsin. 13, tab. ad 18.
Comments:
(1)With eight species, this is a border case as to subgeneric classification, also as the first subgenus is synonymous with a species aggregate. I have therefore omitted the two subgenera of Petrovsky; subg. Eremogone (Fenzl) Fenzl in Endl. (1840), Gen. 967, basionym: Genus Eremogone Fenzl (1833), Verbr. Alsin. 13 (species 1-4) and subg. Euthalia Fenzl in Endl. (1840), Gen. 967 (species 5-8). (Elven)
The Arenaria capillaris aggregate (A. capillaris, A. formosa, A. procera, A. tschuktschorum)
47.6.1Arenaria capillaris Poir. in Lam. (1804), Encycl. 6: 380.
SEremogone capillaris (Poir.) Fenzl (1833), Verbreit. Alsin. 37; A. nardifolia auct., non Ledeb. ex Hook. (1830).
T[Described from Siberia.]
2n=22 (2x).
2nDZhukova (1966 Wrangel I.); Packer in Löve (1968c); Zhukova & Petrovsky (1980 W Chuk).
GRFE ALA CAN
Comments:
(1)There might be problems with the type, perhaps confusion with A. formosa. (Petrovsky)
47.6.2Arenaria formosa Fisch. ex DC. (1824), Prodr. 1: 402.
SEremogone formosa (Fisch. ex DC.) Fenzl (1833), Verbreit. Alsin. 37; A. capillaris auct., non Poir. (1804).
T[Type in LE.]
2n=44 (4x).
2nDZhukova et al. (1973 N Yakut).
GSIB
Comments:
47.6.3Arenaria procera Spreng. ex Hornem. (1813), Hort. Bot. Hafn. 424.
SEremogone procera (Spreng. ex Hornem.) Rchb. (1841), Icon. Fl. Germ. 5: 33.
Comments:
47.6.3.1Arenaria procera Spreng. ex Hornem. subsp. polaris (Schischk.) R. Govaerts (1995), World Checklist Seed Plants 1, 1: 9.
BA. polaris Schischk. in Kom. (1936), Fl. SSSR 6: 526, 887.
SA. stenophylla Ledeb. subsp. polaris (Schischk.) E. Selivan (1952), Areal 1: 36; Eremogone polaris (Schischk.) Ikonn. (1973), Nov. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 137; A. procera Spreng. ex Hornem. subsp. glabra (F.N. Williams) J. Holub (1956), Preslia 28: 94; A. graminifolia auct., non Schrad. (1809, Hort. Gott. 1: 5) p. p., nec Arduion (1764).
2n=110 (10x).
2nDFavarger (1972), acc. to Löve & Löve (1975).
GRUS SIB
Comments:
47.6.4Arenaria tschuktschorum Regel (1862), Bull. Soc. Naturalistes Moscou 35, 1: 254.
SEremogone tschuktschorum (Regel) Ikonn. (1973), Nov. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 140.
T[Type in LE.]
2n=22 (2x).
2nDZhukova (1966 NE As); Yurtsev & Zhukova (1972 NE As); Zhukova & Petrovsky (1975 Chuk); Zhukova et al. (1977 Chuk).
GRFE
Comments:
Subg. Euthalia Fenzl in Endl. (1840), Gen. 967.
The Arenaria humifusa aggregate (A. humifusa, A. longipedunculata)
Comments:
(1)Arenaria longipedunculata is sometimes synonymised with A. humifusa, sometimes not. Personally, I find the two rather different. There is also the indicated difference in ploidy level. Does anyone have opinions (or even facts)? (Elven)
47.6.5Arenaria humifusa Wahlenb. (1812), Fl. Lapp. 129.
S
TSweden: Arenaria humifusa, Luleå-fjällen på sidan av Lill-Tokin, 31.07.1807, Wahlenberg scripsit (UPS) lectotype, selected by Moberg & Nilsson (1991, Nord. J. Bot. 11: 295).
2n=(1) 40 (4x). (2) 44.
2nD(1) Löve & Löve (1975) list several counts, nearly all or all as arctic; Horn in Engelskjøn (1979 arct. N Norw). (2) Knaben & Engelskjøn (1967 N Norw).
GNOR RUS CAN GRL
Comments:
(1)The single aberrant chromosome number could be disregarded as either aneuploid or erroneous. (Elven)
47.6.6Arenaria longipedunculata Hultén (1966), Bot. Not. 119: 313.
S
2n=80 (8x).
2nDLöve & Löve in Löve (1975c).
GALA CAN
Comments:
(1)Canada added due to occurrence as least in Victoria I. (Yurtsev)
47.6.7Arenaria norvegica Gunnerus (1772), Fl. Norveg. 2: 144.
S
TNorway: Nordland, Steigen, Laskestad, 30.07.1770, leg. Gunnerus (TRH) holotype.
2n=80 (8x).
2nDLöve & Löve (1975) list several counts, some as arctic; Horn in Engelskjøn (1979 Norw).
GICE NOR
Comments: Subsp. norvegica in the Arctic.
(1)Added to Petrovsky's draft as it reaches the Arctic both in N Iceland and N Norway (Nordkapp). There is also a subsp. anglica G. Halliday in the British Isles. (Elven)
47.6.8Arenaria pseudofrigida (Ostenf. & O.C. Dahl) Juz. ex Schischk. & Knorring in Kom. (1936), Fl. URSS 6: 537.
BA. ciliata L. subsp. pseudofrigida Ostenf. & O.C. Dahl (1917), Nyt Mag. Naturvidensk. 55: 217.
SA. ciliata L. (1753), p.p.
TNorway: Finnmark, Vardø, Persfjord, 23.08.1917, leg. O. Dahl (O) lectotype, selected by Jonsell (1996, Nordic J. Bot. 16: 5).
2n=40 (4x).
2nDLöve & Löve (1975) list several counts, all as arctic; Horn in Engelskjøn (1979 arct. N Norw, Sb).
GNOR RUS GRL
Comments:
(1)The status of this entity, as a separate species or as a subspecies of A. ciliata L., must be considered. Jonsell (in prep., Flora Nordica 2) has the following comment: "A. pseudofrigida is in many recent works regarded as a subspecies of A. ciliata L., which is primarily a species of Central European mountains but variously circumscribed. Taken widely, some local tetraploid taxa in the W and N of Europe (among those A. pseudofrigida) are included on subspecies level. Since the relations between the many local European taxa in the complex are far from clear, a narrow species concept is preferred here." (Elven)
WARNING! Might be reduced to subspecies of A. ciliata L.
47.7Moehringia L. (1753), Sp. Pl. 359. [RE]
47.7.1Moehringia lateriflora (L.) Fenzl (1833), Vers. Darstell. Alsin., tab. ad 18, 38.
BArenaria lateriflora L. (1753), Sp. Pl. 423.
S
TLinnaean Herbarium 585.6 (LINN) lectotype, selected by Jonsell & Jarvis (1994, Nord. J. Bot. 14: 156).
2n=48 (4x).
2nDZhukova (1967a Sib?); Hartman (1971 USA); Löve et al. (1971 Rocky Mts).
GRUS SIB RFE ALA CAN
Comments:
47.7.2Moehringia macrophylla (Hook.) Fenzl (1833), Vers. Darstell. Alsin., tab. ad 18 & 38.
BArenaria macrophylla Hook. (1833), Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 102.
S
2n=
2nD
GCAN?
Comments:
(1)Approaches or reaches the Arctic in the Ungava-Labrador areas, acc. to Porsild & Cody (1980). Scoggan (1978) reports it north to S Ungava Bay and to 5730'N in Labrador. More detailed localities, and a more detailed boundary map in this area, are needed before final decision. (Elven)
WARNING! Might be excluded as non-arctic.
47.8Wilhelmsia Rchb. (1828), Consp. 206. [VP]
SMerckia Fisch. ex Cham. & Schltdl. (1826), Linnaea 1: 59.
Comments:
(1)Why Wilhelmsia 1828 instead of Merckia 1826? (Elven)
47.8.1Wilhelmsia physodes (Fisch. ex Ser.) McNeill (1960), Taxon 9, 1: 10.
BArenaria physodes Fisch. ex Ser. in DC. (1824), Prodr. 1: 413.
SMerckia physodes (Fisch. ex Ser.) Fisch. ex Cham. & Schltdl. (1826), Linnaea 1: 59.
T[Described from Kamtchatka.]
2n=(1) 50-60. (2) 66. (3) 72. (4) 100-110.
2nD(1) Packer & McPherson (1974 Ala); Zhukova (1980 S Chuk). (2) Zhukova (1967 Sib); Mulligan & Porsild (1969b Yukon). (3) Zhukova (1966 Sib). (4) Johnson & Packer (1968 Ala).
GSIB RFE ALA CAN
Comments:
47.9Spergula L. (1753), Sp. Pl. 440. [VP]
47.9.1Spergula arvensis L. (1753), Sp. Pl. 440.
SS. sativa Boenn. (1824), Prod. Fl. Monast. Westphal. 135.
TLinnaean Herbarium 604.1 (LINN) lectotype, selected by Turrill (1956, Fl. Trop. East Africa, Caryoph. 11).
2n=18 (2x).
2nDBlackburn & Morton (1957 W Eur); Lövkvist & Hultgård (1999 Sweden).
GICE*? NOR*? RUS*? ALA*? GRL*?
Comments:
(1)The infraspecific variation is very complicated. The main diagnostic morphological features run across each other (see Uotila in Jonsell in prep., Flora Nordica 2). This should warn us against any attempt at subspecific classification in the checklist context, even if the northern plants most probably belong to subsp. sativa (Mert. & W.D.J. Koch) Celak. (1875), Prodr. Fl. Böhm. 3: 492, basionym: S. arvensis L. var. sativa Mert. & W.D.J. Koch in Röhl. (1831), Deutschl. Fl., ed. 3, 3: 360. However, the problem might be superfluous as I do not believe this species is stable anywhere in or near the Arctic. Species and genus should probably be omitted from the checklist. (Elven)
WARNING! Will probably be excluded as not stable in the Arctic.