Supplemental Instruction
Iowa State University / Leader: / Alecia
Course: / Biology 211
Instructor: / Dr. Deitloff
Date: / 11-10-13
  1. ______is a process in which a eukaryotic cell divides to produce two new cells that are genetically identical to the original cell
  2. Meiosis I
  3. Karyogomy

c.  Mitotic cell division

  1. Homology
  2. Which of these is not part of the I phase?

a.  Cytokinesis

  1. G1
  2. G2
  3. S
  4. What is the process of growth, replication, and division that produces new cells?

a.  Cell Cycle

  1. Meiosis
  2. Mitosis
  3. Karyogomy
  4. Cancer is defined as a disease caused by gene mutations that lead to uncontrolled cell growth. Which phase must not be working right if these cells are continually dividing?
  5. Anaphase
  6. Prophase

c.  G1

  1. Cytokinesis
  2. In which phase of the cell cycle are chromosomes replicated?
  3. G1

b.  S

  1. M
  2. G2
  3. If two chromosomes are homologous, they
  4. Look similar under the microscope
  5. Have very similar DNA sequences
  6. Carry the same types of genes

d.  All of the above

  1. Which of the following is a reason for mitotic cell division?
  2. Asexual reproduction
  3. Gamete formation in animals
  4. Multicellularity

d.  Both a & c

  1. A replicated chromosome is composed of:
  2. 2 homologous chromosomes held together at the mitotic spindle
  3. Four sister chromatids held together at the centromere

c.  Two sister chromatics held together at the centromere

  1. Four homologous chromosomes held together at the centromere
  2. Which of the following is not an event of anaphase of mitosis

a.  Nuclear membrane breaks down

  1. Sister chromatids separate
  2. Kinetochore microtubules shorten, pulling chromosomes to the pole
  3. All of the above occur during anaphase
  4. Checkpoints during the cell cycle are important because they
  5. Allow the organelle activity to catch up to cellular demands

b.  Ensure the integrity of the cell’s DNA

  1. Allow the cell to generate sufficient ATP for cellular divisions
  2. Are the only time DNA replication can occur
  3. A student is looking at cells under the microscope. The cells are from an organism that has a diploid number of 14. In one particular case, the cell has seven replicated chromosomes (sister chromatids) aligned at the metaphase plate of the cell. Which of the following statements accurately describes this particular cell?
  4. The cell is in metaphase of mitosis
  5. The cell is in metaphase of meiosis I

c.  The cell is in metaphase of meiosis II

  1. Both B & C are correct
  2. Which of the following statements accurately describes a difference between mitosis and meiosis
  3. Mitosis may produce diploid cells, whereas meiosis produces haploid cells
  4. Homologous chromosomes form a bivalent protein complex in meiosis but not in mitosis
  5. Crossing over commonly occurs during meiosis, but not commonly during mitosis

d.  All of the above are correct

  1. During crossing over in meiosis I,
  2. Homologous chromosomes are not altered

b.  Homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material

  1. Chromosomal damage occurs
  2. Genetic information is lost
  3. During which phase of the cell cycle does growth occur?
  4. Mitosis
  5. Meiosis
  6. Fertilization

d.  Interphase

  1. Which type of cell division is responsible for the repair of your skin following a sunburn?

a.  Mitosis

  1. Meiosis
  2. Fertilization
  3. Karyogomy
  4. Cytokinesis is associated with which of the following?
  5. Mitosis
  6. Meiosis
  7. Fertilization

d.  Both a & b

  1. How many nuclear divisions happen during meiosis?
  2. 0
  3. 1

c.  2

  1. 4
  2. Crossing over results in ______
  3. Gametes
  4. Cancerous growths

c.  New genetic combinations

  1. New species
  2. Independent assortment refers to ______

a.  rearrangement of chromosomes during meiosis

  1. rearrangement of alleles along the chromosome
  2. exchange of genetic material between sister chromatids
  3. survival of the sperm as they travel to the egg
  4. When two genes are located on the same chromosome they are said to be
  5. Homologous

b.  Linked

  1. Polygenic
  2. Epistatic
  3. Based on the ideas proposed by Morgan, which of the following statements concerning linkage is not true?
  4. Traits determined by genes located on the same chromosome are likely to be inherited together
  5. Crossing over between homologous chromosomes can create new gene combinations

c.  A crossover is more likely to occur in a region between two genes that are close together compared to a region between two genes that are farther apart

  1. The probability of crossing over depends on the distance between the genes
  2. Extranuclear (cytoplasmic) inheritance occurs because
  3. Certain genes are found on the X chromosome
  4. Chromosomes in the nucleus may be transferred to the cytoplasm

c.  Some organelles contain DNA

  1. The nuclear membrane breaks down during cell division
  2. In many organisms, organelles such as the mitochondria are contributed only by the egg. This phenomenon is known as
  3. Biparental inheritance
  4. Paternal inheritance
  5. Maternal effect

d.  Maternal inheritance

  1. Which of these is not a developmental homology?
  2. Pharyngeal slits
  3. Tails in frogs
  4. Hind-limb buds in snakes

d.  4 legs in tetrapods

  1. Which of these is an example of microevolution?
  2. Formation of a new species

b.  Crossing over in Meiosis

  1. Asexual reproduction
  2. Cloning
  3. What is the definition for all alleles for every gene in a given population?
  4. Genotype
  5. Population evolution
  6. Species

d.  Gene Pool

  1. Homologous chromosomes can exchange information and create new combinations of alleles because of
  2. Mutations
  3. Phenotypes

c.  Crossing over

  1. Recombinations
  2. Which of these organelles in a eukaryotic cell is not able to contain genetic information?
  3. Chloroplast
  4. Nucleus
  5. Mitochondria

d.  Microtubules

  1. What is the Theory of Biological Evolution?

a.  Changes in allele frequencies in different groups since the beginning of life has led to the diversity of life we observe today

  1. Genetic variation and natural selection has led to the diversity of life we observe today
  2. Mutations, phenotypes, and genotypes determine the diversity of life and what we observe today
  3. When two different traits do not follow Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment, they are said to be
  4. Dominant
  5. Epistatic

c.  Linked

  1. Polygenic
  2. Which is not a derived characteristic of Reptilia?
  3. Nasal gland on the outside of the nasal capsule

b.  Alpha keratin forms part of the epidermal scales

  1. Advanced structures that allow color distinction and vision at great distances
  2. All of the above are derived characteristics of Reptilia
  3. Humans can be identified as both:
  4. Poikilothermic and endothermic
  5. Poikilothermic and exothermic

c.  Homoeothermic and endothermic

  1. Homoeothermic and exothermic
  2. Some turtles, such as sea turtles, lay their eggs in water
  3. True

b.  False

  1. One adaptation that occurs in squamates that allows for live birth when compared to amphibians is their:
  2. Kinetic skull
  3. Longitudinal cloacal opening

c.  Transverse cloacal opening

  1. None of the above
  2. Which of these groups do not have a specialize structure that allows them to chew and breathe at the same time?
  3. Crocodilians
  4. Dinosaurs
  5. Birds

d.  Lizards

  1. Which of these is not an adaptation that allows birds to fly?
  2. Air sacs
  3. Reduction of organs
  4. Lightweight bones
  5. Wings
  6. Feathers
  7. D and E
  8. All of the above are adaptations that allow birds to fly
  9. Which of these is not a characteristic of primates?

a.  Claws

  1. Mammary glands
  2. Opposable thumbs
  3. All of the above are characteristics of primates
  4. Which of these is characteristic of modern humans?
  5. Large brain
  6. Language
  7. Symbolism

d.  Technology

  1. All of the above
  2. Which group was the first to demonstrate grieving?

a.  Homo heidelbergensis

b.  Homo sapiens

c.  Homo erectus

d.  Neanderthals

  1. Which group was the first to demonstrate caring for the old and injured and to build tools that looked like spears?

a.  Homo heidelbergensis

b.  Homo sapiens neanderthalensis

c.  Homo erectus

d.  Homo ergastar

  1. In which stage does a diploid cell reduce to a haploid cell?

a.  Meiosis I

  1. Meiosis II
  2. Mitosis I
  3. Mitosis II
  4. A bivalent protein complex:
  5. Occurs in homologous chromosomes to ensure stability and replication

b.  Occurs in homologous chromosomes to allow crossing over

  1. Occurs in sister chromatids to ensure stability and replication
  2. Occurs in sister chromatids to allow crossing over
  3. If a cell is tetraploid (4 sets of chromosomes) what is it after mitosis?
  4. Tetraploid with 8 sets of chromosomes

b.  Tetraploid with 4 sets of chromosomes

  1. Diploid
  2. Haploid
  3. If a cell is tetraploid (4 sets of chromosomes) what is it after meiosis?
  4. Tetraploid with 8 sets of chromosomes
  5. Tetraploid with 4 sets of chromosomes

c.  Diploid

  1. Haploid
  2. Continuous phenotypic traits are caused by:
  3. Mutations

b.  Polygenic inheritance

  1. Crossing over
  2. Vertical evolution
  3. An individual can evolve
  4. True

b.  False

  1. Natural selection influences the rate at which favorable mutations occur
  2. True

b.  False

  1. Which of the following are examples of evolution that can be observed in human life times?
  2. Inset species becomes pesticide-resistant
  3. Infectious disease gaining antibiotic resistance
  4. The transition from wild wolves to domestic dogs

d.  A & B only

  1. All of the above
  2. In a certain species of frog, yellow eyes are dominant to grey eyes and brown spots are dominant to purple spots. If two frogs are heterozygous for both traits mate, what proportion of the offspring will have yellow eyes and purple spots?
  3. ¼
  4. 1/8

c.  3/16

  1. 9/16
  2. None of the above
  3. Mitosis yields
  4. 4 identical daughter cells
  5. 4 non-identical daughter cells

c.  2 identical daughter cells

  1. 2 non-identical daughter cells
  2. None of the above
  3. Which of the following is not true about alleles?

a.  Alleles are another name for sister chromatids

  1. Alleles are alternate versions of genes
  2. Alleles account for the variation in inherited characters
  3. All father above are true about alleles
  4. What are the resulting probabilities of a cross between QQ and Qq?
  5. 25% QQ and 75% Qq

b.  50% QQ and 50% Qq

  1. 75% QQ and 25% Qq
  2. None of the above
  3. What is the smallest unit that can evolve?
  4. Family
  5. Individual

c.  Population

  1. Species
  2. A localized group of individuals capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring is a
  3. Species
  4. Family

c.  Population

  1. Community
  2. Which of the following is not a condition for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
  3. Extremely large population size
  4. No gene flow

c.  Mutations must occur

  1. No natural selection occurs
  2. All of the above are conditions for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
  3. The ______species concept cannot be applied to asexual organisms

a.  Biological

  1. Morphological
  2. Anatomical
  3. Developmental
  4. In a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of a recessive allele in the gene pool is .7. The frequency of organisms in this population with the homozygous dominant genotype will be:
  5. 49%
  6. 14%
  7. 21%

d.  9%

  1. 7%
  2. Mating red flowers with yellow flowers makes all orange flowers. This is an example of:
  3. Codominance

b.  Incomplete dominance

  1. Complete dominance
  2. Dominant and Recessive
  3. A human gamete contains ______chromosomes
  4. 13
  5. 46

c.  23

  1. 92
  2. Which of the following is not a source of genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms?
  3. Crossing over

b.  Replication of DNA during the S phase

  1. Independent assortment
  2. Mutations
  3. All of the above are sources of genetic variation
  4. If a population has the following genotype frequencies: AA = .42, Aa = .46, and aa = .12, what are the allele frequencies?
  5. A = .42, a =.12
  6. A = .6, a = .24

c.  A = .65, a = .35

  1. A = .76, a = .24
  2. None of the above
  3. Which of the following characteristics display quantitative inheritance?
  4. Height
  5. Hair Color
  6. Number of fingers
  7. A and C

e.  B and A

  1. In unicorns, BB results in blue manes, bb in pink manes, and the heterozygote in purple manes. If there are 360 blue-maned unicorns in a non-evolving population of 1000, how many pink-maned and purple-maned unicorns are there?
  2. 400 pink-maned, 240 purple-maned
  3. 160 pink-maned, 240 purple-maned
  4. 360 pink-maned, 280 purple-maned

d.  160 pink-maned, 480 purple-maned

  1. What is not true about the opsin?
  2. They are proteins that are light sensitive
  3. They are inside photoreceptor cells, such as rods and cones

c.  They are only in certain animals that have a unique eyes, such as compound eyes in flies

  1. Different opsins equal different vision
  2. Why are primates able to see more colors than other animals and explains why deer cannot see the orange of a hunter’s vest
  3. There was a gene duplication even that allowed opsin genes to evolve
  4. Primates have 4 copies of the opsin genes, whereas most animals (such as deer) only have 2

c.  All of the above

  1. None of the above
  2. Which of these is not an anti-predator mechanism?
  3. Camouflage
  4. Toxicity
  5. Spines
  6. Aposematism
  7. Mimicry

f.  All of the above are anti-predator mechanisms

  1. A skunk has bright white stripes that can be identified by predators to notify them of the skunk’s noxious smell. This is an example of:
  2. Mimicry
  3. Camouflage

c.  Aposematism

  1. Predator-prey relationships
  2. Which of these is not a limitation of Batesian mimicry
  3. There must be an aposematic species nearby
  4. The organism will be noticed more by predators, which could be dangerous
  5. They cannot be more commonly encountered than the aposematic

d.  It is an anti-predator mechanism

  1. Why weren’t there any mimics at certain sites with newts
  2. Mimics may not be able to live in certain environments
  3. Certain predators may not be present
  4. Mimic salamanders may have trouble moving around and therefore stay in the same location
  5. Variation in toxicity of the newts may explain why there are no mimics at certain sites

e.  All of the above may be reasons why mimics aren’t at every site

  1. In peacocks, the male is usually known for having showier feathers than the peahen (female peacock). The males with the most attractive feathers, therefore, are more likely to attract mates and produce offspring. What is this an example of?
  2. Aposematism
  3. Genetic drift

c.  Sexual selection

  1. Convergent evolution