BI 200 - Exam #2AName
Fall 2003Lab Section. Seat#
Disclaimer
Consider each question, and answer each in the appropriate format (e.g., multiple choice). You may qualify your answer if you have reservations. If your comments have merit, you may receive partial or full credit. Questions are 1 point each unless indicated.
Multiple choice -2 points each.
1. The presence of membrane-enclosed organelles is a characteristic of
A) prokaryotic cells. B) eukaryotic cells.
C) all cells. D) viruses.
2. Lactose enters E. coli via
A) group translocation
B) the phosphotransferase system
C) a proton symporter called a permease
D) facilitated diffusion
3. The cell wall is
A) interior to the cytoplasmic membrane.
B) exterior to the cytoplasmic membrane.
C) a part of the cell membrane.
D) the same thing as the cytoplasmic membrane.
4. Which is not true about the peptide interbridge structures of peptidoglycan?
A) formation is prevented by lysozyme
B) Gram positives like Staphylococcus aureus contain pentaglycine interbridges
C) meso-diaminopimelic acid is present
D) rare D-amino acids are present
E) none of the above, all are true.
5. Gram positive bacteria
A) have a thick cell wall that is exposed to the environment.
B) have a thick cell wall that is covered by the outer membrane
C) have cell walls that contain the pyrogen lipopolysaccharide
D) have cell walls that are flexible but excellent chemical barriers
BI 200 - Exam #2AName
Fall 2003Lab Section. Seat#
Disclaimer
Consider each question, and answer each in the appropriate format (e.g., multiple choice). You may qualify your answer if you have reservations. If your comments have merit, you may receive partial or full credit. Questions are 1 point each unless indicated.
Multiple choice - 2 points each.
1. The presence of membrane-enclosed organelles is a characteristic of
A) prokaryotic cells. B) eukaryotic cells.
C) all cells. D) viruses.
2. Lactose enters E. coli via
A) a proton symporter called a permease
B) the phosphotransferase system
C) group translocation
D) facilitated diffusion
3. The cell wall is
A) exterior to the cytoplasmic membrane.
B) interior to the cytoplasmic membrane.
C) a part of the cell membrane.
D) the same thing as the cytoplasmic membrane.
4. Which is not true about the peptide interbridge structures of peptidoglycan?
A) formation is prevented by lysozyme
B) Gram positives like Staphylococcus aureus contain pentaglycine interbridges
C) meso-diaminopimelic acid is present
D) rare D-amino acids are present
E) none of the above, all are true.
5. Gram positive bacteria
A) have a thick cell wall that is exposed to the environment.
B) have a thick cell wall that is covered by the outer membrane
C) have cell walls that contain the pyrogen lipopolysaccharide
D) have cell walls that are flexible but excellent chemical barriers
6. The terms “run” and “tumble” are generally associated with
A) cell wall fluidity.
B) cell membrane structures.
C) taxic movements of the cell.
D) clustering properties of certain rod-shaped bacteria.
7. Which statement is true?
A) Lophotrichous flagella are tufts on the “ends” of bacterial cells; peritrichous flagella are individual flagella on the “ends” of bacterial cells.
B) Peritrichous flagella are all over the bacterial cells; lophotrichous flagella are tufts on the “ends” of bacterial cells.
C) Polar flagella are individual flagella on the “ends” of bacterial cells; peritrichous flagella are tufts on the “ends” of bacterial cells.
D) Polar flagella are all over the bacterial cells; lophotrichous flagella are individual flagella on the “ends” of bacterial cells.
8. Which of the following statements is (are) true?
A) Fimbriae are generally shorter and more numerous than flagella.
B) Fimbriae probably function in surface adhesion.
C) Pili serve as receptors and seem to be involved in bacterial conjugation.
D) All of the above.
9. Glycogen granules
A) are derived directly from either PHB or BHA.
B) cannot be detected by light microscopy, even if iodine is added.
C) function as a storage depot for carbon and energy.
D) none of the above.
10. A major function of prokaryotic gas vesicles is
A) to provide buoyancy for the organism.
B) to serve as a reservoir for oxygen and carbon dioxide.
C) to keep the cell’s organelles separated during flagellar motion.
D) none of the above
11. The membrane of a gas vesicle is composed of
A) various phospholipids.B) protein.
C) carbohydrate. D) both glycoproteins and phospholipids.
12. Endospores are
A) bacterial reproductive structures.
B) able to withstand extreme environmental assaults.
C) metabolically active
D) all of the above
13. Which are not visible under a light microscope?
A) bacterial flagella
B) eukaryotic cilia
C) eukaryotic flagella
D) none of the above, all are >200 nm in diameter
14. Maltose enters the cell with the help of three proteins: a periplasmic binding protein, a channel protein in the membrane, and an ATP kinase on the inside of the cell.
A) Passive diffusion
B) Primary active transport
C) Secondary active transport
D) Group translocation
E) “ABC” transport
15. Glucose is chemically altered upon entering the cell. This is an example of:
A) Osmosis
B) Diffusion
C) Facilitated diffusion
D) Active transport
E) Group translocation
16. Glycerol enters the cell by moving from high concentration to low concentration, and shows saturation kinetics. This is an example of:
A) Osmosis
B) Diffusion
C) Facilitated diffusion
D) Active transport
E) Group translocation
Complete the following table comparing the arrangement of DNA in Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes. 5 points
Eukaryotes / ProkaryotesShape of Chromosome
Number of Chromosomes
Copies of Each Chromosome
Compartmentalization of Chromosome
Supercoiling Involves Histones?
Of the five Carbon atoms in ribose and deoxyribose, match the structural significance of each with the carbon number. 5 points
_____ C1 A. Phosphate group is attached to this C
_____ C2B. No particular importance
_____ C3C. Is missing an O atom in deoxyribose
_____ C4D. Free hydroxyl is where next nucleotide is attached
_____ C5 E. Nitrogenous base (A,G,C,T,U) attached here
Match the cell feature with the type of microorganism in (or on) which it might be found. Use each letter only once, and choose the most specific match.(1 point each)
_____ Sulfur granuleA. A Sulfur-oxidizing lithotroph like Beggiatoa
_____ NucleusB. Bacillus or Clostridium
_____ EndosporeC. A microaerophile such as Aquaspirillum
_____ MagnetosomeD. A CO2-fixing autotrophic bacterium
_____ CapsuleE. Enterotoxic E. coli attaching to the small intestine
_____ ChloroplastF. Any cellular organism
_____ S-LayerG. Streptococcus mutans causing tooth decay
_____ Gas vesicleH. Antibiotic resistant bacterium
_____ FimbriaeI. An Archaea with no pseudomurein
_____ CarboxysomeJ. Anaerobic protozoa
_____ HydrogenosomeK. Any eukaryote
_____ RibosomeL. Green algae
_____ PlasmidM. A cyanobacterium like Anabena
Complete the following narrative by circling the word or phrase in each parentheses that most accurately completes the statement. (1 point each).
Motility in prokaryotes takes a variety of forms including swimming, gliding, swarming, and floating. Swimming through liquid media involves flagella that are about (0.02 μm, 0.2 μm, 0.2 mm) thick, and are composed of many copies a single protein called (tubulin, flagellin, lysozyme). Flagellar motion in prokaryotes resembles that of a (whip, oar, propeller) and the energy source is (sunlight, μH+, ATP). Gliding is movement over a surface and is carried out bacteria such as (amoeba, cyanobacteria, Escerichia) and (Cytophaga, Paramecium, Enterococcus). The former uses (slime, ratcheting proteins, peritrichous flagella) while the latter uses (slime, ratcheting proteins, lophotrichous flagella). Floating can be controlled in photosynthetic bacteria by structures called (hydrogenosomes, gas vesicles, chloroplasts).
Draw a bacterium with peritrichous flagella and a ciliatedprotozoan. (2 points)
Fill in the blank/Short answer/Circle the correct word. 2 points each
Give the name of the cell wall material in fungi, the name of the monomer it is composed of, and the designation of the bonding arrangement.
Give the name of the cell wall material in algae, the name of the monomer it is composed of, and the designation of the bonding arrangement.
In archaea the hydrophobic portion of the lipids are branched molecules called (sterols, phytanyls), which are made of (sterol, isoprene) subunits.
Eukaryotic cells have (linear, circular) chromosomes that are composed of (single-stranded, double-stranded) DNA.
Prokaryotic cells have (linear, circular) chromosomes that are composed of (single-stranded, double-stranded) DNA.
How many base pairs in the E. coli chromosome?
How many genes in the E. coli chromosome?
Give 4 lines of evidence that suggest that mitochondria and chloroplasts arose from endosymbiosis.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Make a diagram of a mitochondrion indicating the outer membrane, the inner membrane, cristae, and the matrix. Indicate the biochemical activity associated with the cristae and the matrix. 5 points
Give 4 lines of evidence that suggest that mitochondria and chloroplasts arose from endosymbiosis. (1 point each)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Make a diagram of a chloroplast indicating the outer membrane, thylakoid membranes, grana, and stroma. Indicate the metabolic activities associated with the membranes and the stroma. 5 points.
BONUS
What are three advantages of having a capsule? Put a star by the most important. 4 points
A -
B -
C -
Write a joke here – 2 points