Biology Chapter 14 and 15 Evolution Pg. 390-413, 416-447

Term / Definition / Guided 3rd
  1. Fossil
/ Look at table 14.1 on pg. 393. List the types of fossils.
______fossils ______and______
______or Permineralized fossils
______- preserved
  1. Biogenesis
/ On pg. 402, which scientist helped prove that biogenesis did occur?
  1. Spontaneous Generation
/ On pg. 401, which scientist used decaying meat to try and disprove spontaneous generation?
  1. Analogous Structure
/ In fig. 15.7 on pg. 426, what two things are considered an example of analogous structures?
  1. Artificial Selection
/ Give an example of an animal that humans artificially breed today (not in book).
  1. Camouflage
/ Look at fig. 15.11 on pg. 428. What organism uses camouflage as a protective adaptation?
  1. Embryo
/ Look at fig. 15.8 on pg. 262. How can embryology be used to support evolution?
  1. Homologous structure
/ Look at fig. 15.6 on pg. 425. What five things are compared to being homologous structures?
______
______
______
______
______
  1. Endosymbiont Theory
/ Look at Figure 14.17 on pg. 407 List the evidence used by Lynn Margulis.
  1. Fitness
/ How is fitness an evolutionary adaptation (pg 428)
  1. Mimicry
/ Look at fig. 15.12 on pg. 429. What organism uses mimicry as a protective adaptation?
  1. Natural Selection
/ Read fig. 15.3 on pg. 421. How did natural selection change the population of sunflowers over time?
  1. Vestigial Structure
/ Look on pg. 425. List the three examples of a vestigial structure of the animals listed in on the page.
  1. Hardy-Weinberg Principle
/ List the five conditions that are needed for populations in genetic equilibrium (pg 432)
  1. Coevolution
/ On pg. 439 give an example of coevolution and what kind of evolutionary relationships are possible
  1. Convergent evolution
/ Look at table 15.4 on pg. 440 and the paragraph below it. Explain how the mara and rabbit evolved convergently.
  1. Directional selection
/ On pg. 435, which type of trait variation does directional selection favor?
Normal Trait
Extreme variation of one trait
Both extremes of a trait
Draw the graph that shows directional selection (pg 434)
  1. Disruptive selection
/ On pg. 436, which type of trait variation does directional selection favor?
Normal Trait
Extreme variation of one trait
Both extremes of a trait
Draw the graph that shows disruptive selection (pg 434)
  1. Divergent evolution aka adaptive radiation
/ Y
How does the picture above show divergent evolution?
  1. Gene pool
/ The percentage of any specific allele in the gene pool is called (pg. 432)?
  1. Genetic drift
/ Look on pg. 433. Does genetic drift affect small populations or large populations more?
What are two extreme examples of genetic drift
  1. Geographic isolation
/ Look on pg. 438. Give an example of a geographic barrier that may lead to geographic isolation.
  1. Gradualism
/ Which one shows gradualism?(circle)

  1. Punctuated equilibrium
/ Which one shows punctuated equilibrium?(circle)

  1. Reproductive isolation
/ There are two types of reproductive isolation listed on pg. 437. What are the two types?
______
______
  1. Speciation
/ What are the two types of speciation (both listed as vocab words) listed on pg. 438.
______
______
  1. Allopatric speciation
/ List examples of allopatric speciation (on pg438)
  1. Sympatric speciation
/ Explain how reproductive isolation and polyploidy are examples of sympatric speciation
  1. Stabilizing selection
/ On pg. 434,, which type of trait variation does stabilizing selection favor?
Normal Trait
Extreme variation of one trait
Both extremes of a trait
Draw the graph that shows stabilizing selection (pg 434)
  1. Genetic drift
/ Look on pg. 433. Does genetic drift affect small populations or large populations more?
What are two extreme examples of genetic drift
  1. Founder Effect
/ Summarize the example of founder effect (pg 433)
  1. Bottleneck
/ Summarize the example of Bottleneck (pg 433)