BIOL 1013 - BIOLOGY OF THE CELL: MINI-PRACTICE TEST FOR UNIT I
ANSWER KEY = Answers are highlighted in yellow
Multiple Choice: Choose the best answer. Be sure to look over all possible choices before making your selection.
1. The diversity of life has been divided into different kingdoms. To which kingdom do green algae, amoebae, and paramecia belong?
A) Fungi
B) Protista
C) Animalia
D) Plantae
2. In 1839, Schwann and Schleiden independently ______.
A) coined the term “cell” to describe the smaller units that make up plant and animal tissues
B) proposed that animals and plants are composed of cells
C) proposed that cells arise from pre-existing cells
D) invented the light microscope
E) invented Listerine, in honor of their good friend and colleague, Dr. Joseph Lister
3. About twelve to twenty-four hours after the previous meal, a person's blood-sugar level normally varies from 60 to 90 milligrams per 100 milliliters of blood, though it may rise to 130 mg/100 ml after meals high in carbohydrates. That the blood-sugar level is maintained within a fairly narrow range despite uneven intake of sugar is due the characteristic inherent to life called ______.
A) adaptation
B) inheritance
C) metabolism
D) homeostasis
E) complex organization
4. In microscopy, ______is the defined as the ability to separate two or more objects that are close together and show them as distinct entities.
A) magnification
B) contrast
C) amplification
D) resolution
E) dissection
5. Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells ______.
A) do not have a plasma or cell membrane
B) have chromosomes in their nucleus
C) do not have a nucleus
D) contain membrane-bound organelles
E) All of the above are correct choices.
6. Which of the following organelles is correctly matched with its function?
A) nucleus: lipid synthesis
B) endoplasmic reticulum: heredity
C) Golgi bodies: packaging of cell products
D) mitochondria: photosynthesis
E) chloroplasts: storage of lipids
7. If a cell did not have ribosomes, it would be unable to ______.
A) extract energy from glucose
B) synthesize glucose
C) store food in the form of fat
D) form proteins
E) utilize energy from sunlight through process of photosynthesis
8. The fine structure of the internal components of a cell can be detected through ______.
A) the unaided human eye
B) light microscopy
C) scanning electron microscopy
D) transmission electron microscopy
9. Isotopes are ______.
A) combinations of two or more atoms
B) alternate forms of the same element that differ in the total number of protons found in the nucleus
C) alternate forms of the same element that differ in the total number of neutrons found in the nucleus
D) electrically charged
E) None of the above choices are correct.
10. Helium is composed of 2 electrons, 2 protons, and 2 neutrons. What is the atomic number of helium?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 6
11. Hydrophobic molecules are ______water.
A) attracted to
B) absorbed by
C) repelled by
D) mixed with
12. A hydrogen bond is ______.
A) a sharing of a pair of electrons between a hydrogen and an oxygen nucleus
B) a weak electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen atom and an oxygen or nitrogen atom
C) a sharing of a pair of electrons between a hydrogen nucleus and an oxygen nucleus
D) another name for an ionic bond
13. Which of the following is NOT true?
A) Acids release hydrogen ions.
B) In a neutral solution, the amounts of hydrogen and hydroxide ions are almost equal.
C) A solution at a pH of 9 is acidic.
D) Weak acids, if placed on the tongue, are sour-tasting.
E) The pH scale is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions present in a solution.
14. A solution with a pH of 8 has how many times fewer hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 6?
A) 2
B) 4
C) 10
D) 100
E) 1,000
15. When two monomers are chemically joined together and water is released, this is known as a ______reaction.
A) hydrolysis
B) dehydration synthesis (condensation)
C) dynamic
D) bond-forming
E) nuclear
16. Which of the following is not considered to be a type of lipid?
A) waxes
B) fats
C) phospholipids
D) steroids
E) All of the above choices are examples of lipids
17. What kinds of bond exist between two amino acids in a protein?
A) peptide
B) ionic
C) hydrogen
D) covalent
E) Both A and D are correct choices.
18. Compounds that consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of 1C:2H:1O are called ______.
A) lipids
B) enzymes
C) proteins
D) carbohydrates
E) nucleic acids
19. The following drawing shows the chemical formula for the sugar called sucrose. What type of carbohydrate does this sugar represent?
Sucrose - For questions 19 & 20
A) monosaccharide .
B) disaccharide
C) polysaccharide
D) cellulose
E) starch
20. What molecule would be needed to break this molecule of sucrose into two simpler forms of sugar (i.e., glucose and fructose)?
A) water
B) methane
C) carbon dioxide
D) oxygen (O2)
E) hydrogen (H2)
21. Nucleotides are the building blocks for ______.
A) proteins
B) steroids
C) lipids
D) ATP, NAD+, and DNA
E) carbohydrates
22. The figure at the lower right is a diagrammatic representation of a(n) ______.
A) nucleotide
B) amino acid
C) fatty acid
D) carbohydrate
E) None of the above choices are correct.
23. The interaction of four polypeptide chains in a hemoglobin molecule is ______structure.
A) quaternary
B) secondary
C) primary
D) tertiary
24. Each of the following lipids contains fatty acid chains as part of their chemical structure except for ______.
A) phospholipids
B) steroids
C) glycerides
D) fats
E) Both choice B and D are correct.
25. According to the First Law of Thermodynamics, ______.
A) the total amount of free energy in the universe is on the decline
B) the total amount of energy in the universe is constant
C) the total amount of energy in the universe is constantly changing
D) entropy or increasing randomness and disorder are inevitable
E) nothing lasts forever
26. Each time free energy is transformed from one form to another or used to do work, some of it is transformed into the energy of random motion or ______.
A) potential energy
B) kinetic energy
C) heat energy
D) activation energy
E) stored energy
27. Endergonic chemical reactions (where DG > 0) ______.
A) occur spontaneously
B) do not occur spontaneously
C) require the input of free energy
D) can destroy some of the energy that exists in the universe
E) Both B and C are correct choices
28. A cell's capacity to acquire and use energy for building and breaking apart molecules is called ______.
A) photosynthesis
B) aerobic respiration
C) fermentation
D) reproduction
E) metabolism (anabolism & catabolism)
29. Model of enzyme action whereby a bound substrate initiates changes in the shape of the enzyme's active site, resulting in a more precise fit between the enzyme and its substrate and is known as the ______.
A) lock and key model
B) induced-fit model
C) induced key model
D) lock and fit model
E) Florida keys model
30. A substance that attaches to the active site of an enzyme and prevents the substrate from binding to the enzyme is called a ______.
A) competitive inhibitor
B) non-competitive inhibitor
C) catalyst
D) coenzyme
E) proton acceptor