Assignment: Blood Typing Assignment

Name: Kathryn Ross

Group: 306-02

Assignment: Blood Typing Assignment

Blood Typing Lab Write-up

Title: / Blood Type Lab
Purpose: / To test for blood types using antibodies. To determine whose blood, had a type of A,B,O, + or -.
Hypothesis: / I will be able to successfully determine blood types using the antibodies. And when the antibodies come in contact with the red blood sample, I will be able to see whether it is A, B, O, + or -. So I predict that when the antibody does come in contact with the blood sample, it will become cloudy and heterogeneous as a result to being positive.
Materials: / -2 Plates
-Plastic Toothpick
-Simulated Anti-B Serum
-Simulated Anti-A Serum
-Blood Samples
Procedure: / 1.  I squeezed one or two drops of the blood sample into the plastic plate.
2.  Then I tested if it was A or B. By starting with Anti-A, I placed one drop of simulated Anti-A serum with the blood sample.
3.  After testing for A. I placed another drop of the blood sample into the separate part of the plastic dish.
4.  Then I mixed the two samples together with the plastic toothpick, and let the mixture sit for a minute.
5.  Then I added a drop of Simulated Anti-B serum to test if the sample was B.
6.  After adding Anti-B to a blood sample, I mixed the substances with the toothpick, letting it sit for about a minute.
7.  Lastly observed both mixtures.

Observations for each sample:

David: / When I tested David’s blood sample I started by testing for A. When both substances were mixed, the sample of A started becoming cloudy, therefore resulting to A. But when I tested for B, B also turned cloudy. Thus resulting to David having A+B blood type.
Wiley: / When I tested Wiley to see if he was A, the mixture stayed clear and nothing happened. So I tested B, when mixed, it became cloudy. Which means Wiley’s blood type is B.
Jane: / I mixed a blood sample of Jane’s blood, and Anti-A serum. After mixing, the substance turned cloudy. Then for testing B, the mixture stayed the same. Resulting to Jane having an A blood type.
John: / When I tested if John was an A blood type, the mixture stayed the same and did not clump or become cloudy. And the same thing happened when testing for blood type B. There were no clumps, or cloudiness. This means that John had type O.

Discussion Questions:

Question 1:Explain the difference between a test where the blood clumps and where it doesn’t. / When testing for blood, we test using an Anti-A, or Anti-B serum. The difference of when it clumps or not is quiet simple. The blood clumps when the antibodies of the blood white cells, release to attack the antigens of the Anti-A, or B serum. Although when the blood does not have the antigens, it stays the same and does not clump or become cloudy.
Question 2: Wiley is bleeding horribly. He and his buddies (Jane, John and David) happen to have blood transfusion equipment and are stranded on the moon (no hospital nearby) his buddies need to give as much blood as possible. But each can only give 1 L of blood. How much blood can they give him and why? / Wiley has a blood type of B+, therefore he can only receive blood from O-, O+, B-, B+. This means that Wiley can only receive 1 L of blood between the three friends. Because the only other blood type he can match up with, is John being O+ blood type. If Wiley were to take blood for either David, or Jane. The blood cells would realize antibodies, and only make Wiley sick.
Question 3:Explain the process of determining blood type, specifically for each patient.
*use the terms antigens, antibodies and clumping* / The first patient’s blood sample clumped with both A and B, but remained together for Rh. This means that the patient can take blood from: A Rh-, B Rh-, O Rh-, and AB Rh-. Because the cells of her blood do not suspect antigens, therefore no antibodies are realized and the transfusion is not attacked.
The next patient’s blood sample did not clump for either A, or B. There fore meaning that when it clumped for Rh, the only possible blood to give would be O Rh-.
Lastly, the last patient’s blood clumped for A and Rh. Therefore the blood samples that can be given are A Rh+, O Rh+. Because the antibodies would not be realized, since the white blood cells suspect no antigens.

Conclusion: Yes the hypothesis was correct. I was able to determine which blood sample, was what blood type. By determining whether it would clump or not. Most of the samples did contain a clumping one. Therefore the hypothesis was correct.