Supplementary Material

Appendix A: Field Measurements

Appendix B: Nutrients and Hydrogen Sulfide

Appendix C: IC-Anions

Appendix D: ICP-Metals

Appendix E: Water Isotopes

Appendix F: PAR Readings

Primary Reference: Henne W (2011) Using chemical and isotopic tracers to track biogeochemical processes under ice cover at Georgetown Lake, Montana. MS Thesis, Montana Tech, UMI Dissertations Publ:1495557

Appendix A: Field Measurements and Alkalinities

Appendix B: Nutrients and Hydrogen Sulfide

Appendix C: IC-Anions

Appendix D: ICP-metals

Appendix E: Water isotopes

GT-1 / GT-2
Date / Depth (m) / δ18O (‰) / δD (‰) / Depth (m) / δ18O (‰) / δD (‰)
6 Nov 10 / 0.3 / -14.4 / -119 / 2.4 / -14.3 / -118
24 Jan 11 / 4.6 / -14.9 / -120 / 3.7 / -14.6 / -119
16 Mar 11 / 1.2 / -14.7 / -121 / 0.6 / -14.9 / -122
16 Mar 11 / 1.8 / -14.9 / -121 / 1.2 / -14.7 / -122
16 Mar 11 / 3.0 / -15.1 / -123 / 1.8 / -14.8 / -122
16 Mar 11 / 4.3 / -15.4 / -123 / 2.4 / -14.8 / -121
16 Mar 11 / 5.5 / -15.4 / -124 / 3.0 / -14.7 / -121
16 Mar 11 / 6.7 / -15.5 / -125 / 3.7 / -14.6 / -121
16 Mar 11 / 7.9 / -15.7 / -125 / 4.3 / -14.6 / -122
16 Mar 11 / 9.1 / -15.9 / -126 / 4.9 / -14.6 / -121
16 Mar 11 / 5.5 / -14.6 / -120
16 Mar 11 / 6.1 / -14.5 / -121
Other Samples
δ18O (‰) / δD (‰)
6 Nov 10 / N. Fork Flint Creek / -18.0 / -136
6 Nov 10 / Stuart Mill Spring / -18.5 / -140
6 Nov 10 / Emily’s Spring / -17.5 / -135

Appendix F: PAR Measurements

1/24/2011 @ 13:48 Partly cloudy day
Depth / Depth / GT-2
feet / meters / µE/s/m2
Below Ice* / 0 / 5.96
-2 / -0.61 / 7
-4 / -1.22 / 4.96
-6 / -1.83 / 5.22
-8 / -2.44 / 3.95
-10 / -3.05 / 3.29
-12 / -3.66 / 2.6
-14 / -4.27 / 1.8
*detector placed away from hole just below the ice
3/16/2011 Thin overcast day
GT-1 / GT-2
Depth / Depth / 15:30 / 12:30
feet / meters / µE/s/m2 / µE/s/m2
Surface (1/2" cover) / 98 / 515
-2 / -0.61 / 7.7 / 22
-4 / -1.22 / 7.2 / 6.8
-6 / -1.83 / 6.6 / 3.5
-8 / -2.44 / 5.9 / 2.39
-10 / -3.05 / 4.5 / 1.76
-12 / -3.66 / 3.4 / 1.25
-14 / -4.27 / 2.7 / 0.86
-16 / -4.88 / 2.1 / 0.46
-18 / -5.49 / 1.6 / 0.13
-20 / -6.10 / 1.3
-22 / -6.71 / 1
-24 / -7.32 / 0.81
-26 / -7.92 / 0.67
-28 / -8.53 / 0.58
-30 / -9.14 / 0.46