AP US History : Chapter 18
After reading Chapter 18, you should be able to identify and explain the historical significance of each of the following:
Jay Gould, Collis P. Huntington, James J. Hill
Interstate Commerce Act and Interstate Commerce Commission, 1887
J. Pierpont Morgan
Andrew Carnegie
John D. Rockefeller and Standard Oil
Sherman Anti-Trust Act, 1890
United States v. E. C. Knight Co., 1895
Thomas A. Edison
Henry W. Grady and the "New South Creed"
William H. Sylvis and the National Labor Union
Terence V. Powderly and the Knights of Labor
Mother Jones
Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882
Samuel Gompers and the American Federation of Labor
railroad strikes of 1877
Haymarket Square bombing, 1886
Homestead strike, 1892
Pullman strike, 1894
Eugene Debs
William Graham Sumner and conservative Social Darwinism
Lester Frank Ward
Henry George, Progress and Poverty
Edward Bellamy, Looking Backward
Marxist socialists
Skill Building: Maps
Locate each of the following sites and explain why each was important in the rise of industrial America from 1860 to 1900:
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Homestead, Pennsylvania
Mesabi range, Minnesota
Titusville, Pennsylvania
Birmingham, Alabama
Piedmont region of Virginia, the Carolinas, Georgia, and Alabama
Cincinnati, Ohio
Chicago, Illinois
Pullman, Illinois
Short-Answer Questions
1. Explain how the building of the nation's railroad network stimulated American industrialization and the growth of large corporations.
2. Discuss government attempts to stop the growth of trusts and monopolies in the late nineteenth century. Why were these efforts ineffective?
3. Briefly explain the new technology involved in the creation of flush toilets and indoor plumbing and the impact those had, both positive and negative, on American life.
4. How were the objectives of the American Federation of Labor different from those of the earlier National Labor Union and Knights of Labor?
5. What was the theme of Horatio Alger's novels? How realistic were these books in terms of late-nineteenth-century American experience?
6. Explain what a conservative Social Darwinist would believe that government should do about poverty and exploitation of labor. How would the Social Darwinist justify such recommendations?
Essay Question
1. Discuss the reasons for rapid industrial expansion and the growth of huge corporations between 1860 and 1900. What were some of the benefits the American people reaped from these developments? What were some of the social and economic costs or problems produced by industrialization and the growth of big business?