AP European History Chapter 19: the Interwar Years: the Challenge of Dictators and Depression

AP European History Chapter 19: The Interwar Years: The Challenge of Dictators and Depression

Name ______Date ______Period ______

______1.Amixedeconomyis______.

A.basedonamixtureoflightindustry,heavyindustry,andagriculture

B.oneinwhicheconomicdecisionsaremadebythegovernment,business,andlabor

C.acombinationofgovernment-controlledbusinessesandfreeenterprises

D.onewithnodominantindustry

______2.InthetwodecadesfollowingtheendofWorldWarI,whatbeliefdidthegovernmentsandsocietiesofEasternandWesternEuropeshare?

A.Germanyposedthebiggestthreattoworldpeace.

B.TheTreatyofVersailleswasunjust.

C.TheUnitedStatesshouldnothavereceivedthebiggestreparationsfromGermany.

D.TheSovietUnionposedthegreatestthreattoEurope’ssecurity.

______3.HowdidMarxistsviewtheeconomicdownturnthatbecameknownastheGreatDepression?

A.Theywelcomeditbecausetheybelieveditsignaledtheimminentdownfallofcapitalism.

B.Theyresenteditbecausetheybelieveditwouldthwarttheirplanstospreadsocialism

throughouttheworld.

C.Theyfeareditbecausetheybelieveditwouldmakethemassesrejecttheirlaborinitiatives.

D.Theyusedittomanipulatepublicopinionandacceleratethespreadofsocialismaroundthe

world.

______4.ThediscontentandresentmentthatresultedfromtheParissettlements______.

A.waslargelyrestrictedtoGermanyandFrance

B.waslargelyrestrictedtothesuccessorstatesoftheAustro-HungarianEmpire

C.waslargelyrestrictedtonationalminorities

D.contributedtodomesticpoliticalturmoilthroughoutEurope

______5.WhenwastheIrishFreeStateestablished?

AP European History Chapter 19: The Interwar Years: The Challenge of Dictators and Depression

A.1916

B.1919

C.1921

D.1929

AP European History Chapter 19: The Interwar Years: The Challenge of Dictators and Depression

______6.Theeraofreparationswaseffectivelyendedby______.

A.theKreditanstaltinVienna

B.theYoungPlan

C.theLausanneConference

D.Hoover’smoratorium

______7.The1936PopularFrontgovernmentofFranceconsistedofanallianceofwhichofthefollowingpoliticalparties?

A.Socialists,Radicals,andCommunists

B.Radicals,Communists,andFascists

C.Liberals,Anarchists,andCommunists

D.Socialists,Nazis,andCommunists

______8.Between1928and1940,Sovietindustrialproduction______.

AP European History Chapter 19: The Interwar Years: The Challenge of Dictators and Depression

A.rosedramatically

B.declinedslightly

C.rosegradually

D.remainedstagnant

AP European History Chapter 19: The Interwar Years: The Challenge of Dictators and Depression

______9.UnderLenin’sNewEconomicPolicy,______.

A.peasantsdidnothavetopaytaxes

B.thegovernmentrestrictedfreetrade

C.privateeconomicenterprisewaspermitted

D.peasantshoardedgrain

______10.ThemajorityofthefoundingmembersoftheFascidiCombattimentowere______.

A.warveterans

B.governmentworkers

C.membersoftheSocialistParty

D.membersoftheCommunistParty

______11.TheLateranAccordof1929establishedthat______.

A.thepopewasruleroftheindependentVaticanCity

B.thegovernmentwouldbeforgivenitsconfiscationofpapallands

C.CatholicismwasoneofmultiplerecognizedreligionsinItaly

D.thechurchlawsonmarriagewouldbeeclipsedbygovernmentlaw

______12.In1924,the______reorganizedtheadministrationandtransferofreparations,which,inturn,smoothedthedebtrepaymentstotheUnitedStates.

AP European History Chapter 19: The Interwar Years: The Challenge of Dictators and Depression

A.AdamsPlan

B.DawesPlan

C.MonroePlan

D.YoungPlan

AP European History Chapter 19: The Interwar Years: The Challenge of Dictators and Depression

______13.GermanunemploymentfromMarch1930toMarch1932______.

A.roseslightly

B.roseby30percent

C.morethandoubled

D.quadrupled

______14.SupportforHitlerwasparticularlystrongamonggroupssuchas______.

A.farmers,warveterans,andtheyoung

B.merchants,politicians,andtheelderly

C.thearistocracy,Calvinists,andthemilitary

D.conservatives,theRomanCatholicChurch,andthemiddleclass

______15.The1935Nuremberglaws______.

A.strippedGermanJewsoftheircitizenship

B.establishedapolicestateinGermany

C.weremodeledaftertheSovietNewEconomicPolicy

D.nationalizedallbanksandfactories

______16.Whichsuccessorstateavoidedaself-imposedauthoritariangovernment?

AP European History Chapter 19: The Interwar Years: The Challenge of Dictators and Depression

A.Czechoslovakia

B.Poland

C.Austria

D.Germany

AP European History Chapter 19: The Interwar Years: The Challenge of Dictators and Depression

______17.WhatcountrywasonceknownastheKingdomoftheSerbs,Croats,andSlovenes?

AP European History Chapter 19: The Interwar Years: The Challenge of Dictators and Depression

A.Czechoslovakia

B.Yugoslavia

C.Poland

D.Hungary

AP European History Chapter 19: The Interwar Years: The Challenge of Dictators and Depression

______18.OtherthantheCommunistParty,thepoliticalpartiesinYugoslaviaeachrepresented

______.

A.aparticularregionofthecountry

B.aparticularethnicgroup

C.thenation

D.aparticularideology

______19.Germany’sstruggleforeconomicsecurityresultedinthe______.

A.GreatDepression

B.establishmentoftheNazidictatorship

C.establishmentoftheWeimarregime

D.riseofsocialisminGermany

______20.WhichoftheseincreasedtheimpactoftheGreatDepressioninEurope?

A.theRussianRevolution

B.warreparations

C.thefailureofGermanytomakereparations

D.closefinancialtiesbetweentheUnitedStatesandEurope

______21.TheWallStreetcrashofOctober1929wastheresultof______.

A.virtuallyunregulatedfinancialspeculation

B.manyincidentsofinsidertrading

C.U.S.governmentcorruptioninthestockmarket

D.atechnicalerrorinthetransmissionofstockprices

______22.ThePopularFrontMinistryenactedmajorsocialandeconomicreformsinFrancedespite

fierceresistancefrom______.

A.businessandconservativegroups

B.liberalgroups

C.Socialists,Radicals,andCommunists

D.thepublic

______23.France’soccupationoftheRuhrminingandmanufacturingdistrictwas______.

A.unsuccessfulbecause,althoughFrancewassuccessfulingettingGermany’sdebttoitpaid,

theoccupationwascostly

B.successfulbecauseFrancecollectedtheremainderofthereparationpaymentsGermanyowed

itandobtainedownershipofindustriesintheRuhrminingandmanufacturingdistrict

C.unsuccessfulbecauseGermanyrefusedtonegotiatewithFrancewhileitoccupiedthemining

andmanufacturingdistrict

D.unsuccessfulbecauseGermanyfailedtopaythereparationpaymentsinfull

______24.WhatwasBritain’sreactiontotheoccupationoftheRuhrminingandmanufacturingdistrictbyFrenchandBelgiantroops?

A.ItdeploredFrance’sheavy-handedtactics.

B.ItadmiredFrance’sshowofstrength.

C.ItrespectedFrance’sresolvetotakemattersintoitsownhands

D.ItquestionedwhyFrancehadnotobtainedapprovalfortheoccupationfromtheLeagueof

Nations.

______25.WhilethecapitalisteconomiesofWesternEuropeflounderedintheGreatDepression,theSovietUnionundertook______.

A.alarge-scaleculturalrevolution

B.alargestepinscientificresearchandinnovation

C.rapidindustrialization

D.the“GreatLeapForward”

______26.WhichofthesebestexplainstheGreatPurges?

A.TheywereanaturaloutgrowthoftheBolsheviktakeover.

B.TheywerethekindofrevolutionforeseenbyMarx.

C.TheywereareactiontotheVersaillessettlement.

D.TheywerelargelytheproductofStalin’sownfearsandgoals.

______27.WhydidStalinreversetheNewEconomicPolicy?

A.Itwascraftedbyhisarchrival,Lenin.

B.Ithadfailedtoincreaseindustrialproduction.

C.HedecidedcollectivizationwouldallowRussiatoproduceenoughgrainfordomesticfood

andforeignexport.

D.Hewantedtoseparatehiseconomicplansfromthoseofhispredecessorandthestagnant

economyassociatedwithhim.

_____28.TheFascists’seizureoftheItaliangovernmentcanbeprimarilyattributedtothe______.

A.resignationofthecabinet

B.majoritycontrolledbyMussoliniintheChamberofDeputies

C.failureofthekingtoauthorizethearmytoblocktheBlackShirtMarch

D.splitbetweenMussoliniandhisformerpoliticalalliesbeforethemarchonRome

______29.Mussolini’sbrokeringoftheLateranAccordresultedin______.

A.disdainamongItalians,themajorityofwhomopposedaseparatestatefortheVatican

B.fearamongItalians,themajorityofwhomopposedCatholicismasanationalreligion

C.angeramongItalians,withmanyfeelingthatItaly’sconcessionshadbeentoocostly

D.approvalamongItalians,bringingincreasedrespectabilitytoMussolini’sregime

______30.WhichofthefollowingcontributedtotheestablishmentofauthoritarianregimesacrossWesternEurope?

A.thespreadofBolshevismbeyondtheSovietUnion

B.fracturesbetweendifferentsocialistgroups

C.growingsympathyforcommunisminItaly

D.thefearofBolshevismspreadingbeyondtheSovietUnion

______31.TheItaliancabinet’sresignationenmassein1922resultedin______.

A.themonarchaskingMussolinitobecomeprimeminister

B.Mussolini’selectiontothecabinet

C.theabolitionofallpoliticalpartiesotherthantheFascistsinItaly

D.thecreationofasingle-partydictatorialstate

______32.TheoutflowofforeigncapitalfromGermanybeginningin1928underminedthebriefprosperityandresultedinaneconomiccrisisending______.

A.parliamentarygovernment

B.authoritarianrule

C.freeelections

D.theruleoftheSocialDemocrats

______33.The1932Germanpresidentialelectionsresultedin______.

A.aNazivictoryintherunoffelection

B.Hindenburg’sdismissalofBrüning

C.Hindenburg’sfailuretowinreelection

D.Hitler’selectionaspresident

______34.ThesuspendingofcivillibertiesandarrestsofCommunistsorallegedCommunistsinGermanywasadirectresultof______.

A.Hitler’sappointmentaschancellor

B.theReichstagfire

C.thefilmTriumphoftheWill

D.theOlympicgamesheldinBerlinin1936

______35.Whichofthesehadadestabilizingeffectonthesuccessorstatesinthe1920sand1930s?

A.rampantnationalism

B.reimpositionoftheprewarempires

C.liberaldemocraticreforms

D.coalitiongovernments

______36.ThenewPolandwasconstructedfromthecountriesof______.

A.Russia,Lithuania,andGermany

B.Russia,Germany,andAustria

C.Germany,Austria,andCzechoslovakia

D.Austria,Italy,andRussia

______37.WhichofthesenationsprovidedanexceptiontotheauthoritarianregimesthatwerecommonineasternEuropebetweenthewars?

A.Hungary

B.Romania

C.Czechoslovakia

D.Poland

______38.GrainshortagesintheSovietUnionin1928–1929weretheresultof______.

A.thehoardingofgrain

B.populationincreases

C.cropfailures

D.collectivization

______39.WhichofthesewasapowerfulfactorintheriseofbothMussoliniandHitler?

A.cripplingreparationpayments

B.religionreaction

C.woundednationalpride

D.runawayinflation

______40.IntheNaziideology,womenwereconsideredfirstandforemostas______.

A.economicallyuseless

B.inferior

C.morallyweak

D.mothers

Short Answer:

1.WhatwerethecausesoftheGreatDepressionofthe1930s?Whataspectsandpeoplewithin

societyweremostaffected?Whywasitmoresevereandlongerlastingthanprevious

depressions?

Topic:TowardtheGreatDepressioninEurope

2.DiscussthebasictenetsofItalianfascism.Whatwerethemainaimsoffascistgroupsin

termsoftherelationshipbetweenthegovernmentandvarioussocialclasses?Whatpolitical

ideasdidtheyrejectandwhy?

Topic:TheFascistExperimentinItaly