Answer: the Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction
MANU GINOBILI OPEN
PACKET #7
1. It notes that the titular relationship has been achieved by the desire to bring things “closer spatially and humanly” and it posits a shift from the ritual to the political. Beginning with a quote from Valery’s “The Conquest of Ubiquity,” this work ends with a discussion of Fascism and Marinetti’s thoughts on War. [*] In this essay the author argues that film is an “invitation to a wholesale liquidation” and notes that while cult value diminished, exhibition value flourished through mediums like photography. Perhaps best known for its section on the withering of “aura” in its discussion of creative authenticity, FTP, identify this work, first translated in Illuminations, an essay about the impact of technology on the aesthetic.
Answer: The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction
2. The second part, which includes segments on “the supernatural” and “Fishermen Along a Salmon River,” reflects the author’s work with Native Americans, especially the Yurok and Sioux tribes. Its final sections discuss the “Legend” of Gorky and Hitler’s [*] upbringing and ask the reader to move “beyond anxiety.” It begins with the case history of “Sam” who finds a dead mole in his backyard and has a panic attack, this launches the book’s author into his thesis that to truly understand personal growth one must not only understand “the theory of infantile sexuality,” but also the effect of the environment. FTP what book features a section the “Eight Ages of Man” that describes some famous stages of psychosocial development and was written by Erik Erikson.
Answer: Childhood and Society
3. He invokes Pegasus in “A Fit of Rhyme against Rhyme,” and gets religious in “A Hymn on the Nativity of My Saviour,” a poem that is included in the collection Underwoods. These verses and others including a “Pindaric Ode on the Friendship of Sir Lucius Cary,” a work on the Sidney [*] family home known as “To Penshurst,” and “A Celebration of Charis,” inspired men like William Cartwright, Sidney Godolphin, and Thomas Randolph, to utilize him as the inspiration of their poetical “Tribe.” Perhaps best known for such poems as “On My First Son” and “Drink to me Only with Thine Eyes,” FTP, identify this author best known for being a playwright and producing such works as The Magnetic Lady, The Masque of Queens, and Every Man in his Humour.
Answer: Ben Jonson
4. Its most common version uses the octothorp with the flags 1, 2, and 3 to show from which type of a file a line originated. Oracle Pro*C is an example of one which allows programmers to use embedded SQL, (*) and they often make use of languages such as m4 or parser generators such as bison. Languages such as D and Java have eliminated the need for this program, whose functions include concatenating source lines and replacing comments with whitespace. Providing the final “P” in the acronym PHP, FTP, name this program which parses “define” and “include” directives in C programs, and, like its name indicates, is run before actual compilation takes place.
Answer: preprocessor
5. One of these religious structures stood on Mt. Helicon and contained very old manuscripts of Hesiod. They also existed in some form in both the Lyceum and the Academy. The most famous one's last known member, Theon, father of Hypatia, lived around A.D. 380. It was nearly destroyed by Zenobia's occupation in A.D. 272 and previously in the second century B.C. by a deranged king known as [*] Ptolemy the Bladder. It was founded at the suggestion of Demetrius of Phaleron famously compared to a birdcage because of its members' dependence on patronage from the Ptolemaic kings. FTP, name this cultural institution of Alexandria which supported famous intellectuals as part of its function as a temple of a set of nine goddesses.
Answer: Museum or Museion (prompt on "temple of the Muses" or similar)
6. Mutations in the gene cx43, which codes for their structural components, is associated with situs ambiguus, and mutations in cx32 cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in which they do not function in myelin-forming cells. A sudden increase of calcium ion concentration (*) or a drop in pH causes their components’ tilt angles to change, closing them and preventing the breakdown of osmotic balance. Also known as “electrical synapses,” they serve a role similar to that of a plant cell’s plasmodesmata by allowing a free flow of ions but disallowing passage of macromolecules heavier than one kilodalton. FTP name these collections of connexons, cylindrical channels two nanometers in diameter which connect the membranes of adjacent animal cells.
Answer: gap junctions
7. One of its fronts was highlighted by the siege of Philippsburg, which saw the death of the Duke of Berwick, and by the last military appearance of Eugene of Savoy. More decisive results came from the Battle of Secchia and from a Spanish victory at [*] Bitonto, both of which took place on the Italian front. Spain’s involvement stemmed from a desire to undo the Peace of Utrecht by regaining the cessions of Naples and Sicily from Austria, while Sardinia wanted to free Lombardy from Austrian influence and joined France in opposition to Charles VI. Breaking out after the death of Augustus II, this is, FTP, what war that ended with the 1735 Treaty of Vienna and dealt with the efforts of Stanislaus I to gain the throne?
Answer: War of the Polish Succession
8. Its church, begun in 1089 by St. Hugh, was the largest in Europe until St. Peter's in Rome was built. It was founded by Duke William the Pious and was first headed by St. Berno. Richelieu and Mazarin were both titular, though not resident, heads of it. Sts. Mayeul, Peter the Venerable and [*] Odo were all abbots during its more active period. From the tenth century on, it was famous both as an intellectual center and the home of a new, more centralized version of Benedictine monasticism. More than three hundred new monasteries, as well as Popes Gregory VII and Urban II all emerged from, FTP, what monastery in eastern France that in the early Middle Ages was independent of all authority but the Pope's?
Answer: Cluny [cloo-NEE or CLOO-nee]
9. Stock characters in this work include Dr. Sitgreaves and the servant Caesar Thompson, who works on an estate known as The Locusts. At one point pursued by Captain Lawton, the title figure uses the falls off a horse to escape, only to be captured by a band of men known as Skinners (*) who deliver him to Major Dunwoodie. The protagonist escapes again and makes Sarah Wharton faint when he reveals that Colonel Wellmere, to whom Sarah was engaged, is already married. Early on, the title character relays messages to Mr. Harper in front of the loyalist Mr. Wharton, as the former is really George Washington in disguise. Subtitled “A Tale of the Neutral Ground,” FTP, name this James Fennimore Cooper novel in which the title character, Harvey Birch, is so good at being a double agent for the Americans that many think he is on the British side.
Answer: The Spy
10. A few red splotches are on top, but the darkest sections of this work, now found at the Detroit Institute of Art, can be seen on the far left, while at the bottom a lighter piece seems to be sweeping upwards towards a portion of the canvas that is more illuminated yet also hazier. Inspired by a visit to a London pleasure garden, [*] its display prompted the artist to assert that he may have painted it in two days, but that patrons pay him not for the amount of work he does, they pay him “for the knowledge of a lifetime.” This was said at a trial provoked by one party’s assertion that by completing this painting the artist had flung a “pot of paint in the public’s face.” FTP identify this work, a lyrical examination of the delight caused by some fireworks, a painting also known as The Falling Rocket that was created by James Whistler.
Answer: Nocturne in Black and Gold:(accept The Falling Rocket before it is said)
11. Although its members refused to allow foreigners and women to join, they chose a black man named Jasper Johnson to ride in front and carry the American flag for them. Key allies included Lewis Fry, the leader of its California wing, whose militant [*] attitude helped inspire their popular nickname, and William Peffer, a Kansas Senator who tried to legitimize them by introducing their leader’s proposed Non-Interest Bearing Bonds Bill and Good Roads Bills in Congress. Their charismatic co-leader, Carl Browne, called it the Commonweal of Christ, and helped organize its journey from Massillon, Ohio, which ended anticlimactically when only 500 men showed and its namesake leader was arrested for trespassing on the Capitol Lawn. FTP, name this group of unemployed men who marched on Washington in 1894.
Answer: Jacob Coxey’s Army (accept an early buzz of “Commonweal of Christ”)
12. Stanley Cavell has argued that this work emerges out of a Kantian tradition and that its confessional style was forced upon its author by the nature of the argument rather than adopted out of idiosyncrasy. It argues that philosophy exhibits a craving for similarity and that the true metaphysician embraces difference. This is illustrated as the work sketches the range of uses of the terms “sensations,” “understand,” and “remember.” [*] The author argues that he is not a behaviorist, but that if his work is fiction, then it is a “grammatical fiction.” To that end he rejects the logical atomism of his previous work, arguing instead for the idea of words as tools and the use of “language games” as a means of investigating life. FTP identify this work, a sequel of sorts to the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, by Ludwig Wittgenstein.
Answer: Philosophjcal Investigations
13. In one myth this deity turned into an eagle to avoid a magical spouse, who had been created for him by his friends Gwydion and Math. Another story tells how he put the stone of Fal back in its place and defeated the King at chess. Also called “Samildanach,” [*] his mother was imprisoned in a crystal tower on Tory Island so that he would not be born. Raised to manhood by Goibhniu and Manannan Mac Lir this son of Ethlinn fulfilled the prophecy that he would one day kill his Fomorian grandfather, the one eyed Balor. The undisputed leader of the Tuatha de Danaan after the second battle of Magh Tuireadh, his feast occurred in August, FTP, identify this Celtic Sun God known by the alliterative epithet Lamfhada or “of the Long Arm.”
Answer: Lug or Lugh or Lleu
14. His second wife was the granddaughter of Josephine Bonaparte, Amelie of Leuchtenberg, whose brother, Charles Auguste, in turn married his daughter. His last years were marred by a succession crisis that saw him enlist naval support from Britain and stage a surprise landing at [*] Oporto, which marked his attempt to defend the authority of the Constitutional Charter and his daughter Maria da Gloria from his usurping brother Miguel. His renewed interest in European affairs came after a severe decline in popularity in his ruling land due to his reputation as a philanderer and his loss of the Cisplatine province, which eroded the popular support he gained with his call for independence in the “Grito de Ipiranga.” FTP, name this son of Joao VI who ruled as the first emperor of Brazil.
Answer: Dom Pedro I or Pedro IV of Portugal
15. Daniel Snowden-Ifft and Andrew Westphal proposed that they cause etchable tracks when atoms in mica recoil from them, and Rocky Kolb posited an huge one which he gave the suffix -zilla. Their supersymmetric variety, known as neutralinos, are their own antiparticles. The DAMA detector (*) uses scintillation to detect when an atom is moved due to one of them, and the CDMS project uses germanium and silicon crystals cooled near absolute zero to detect lattice vibrations after collision with one. FTP, name these theoretical particles that may be the main constituents of cold dark matter, only interact through gravity and the weak nuclear force, and are contrasted with MACHOs.
Answer: Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (“wimps”)
16.Two Poems on the Passing of an Empire meditates on the repetitive nature of history and compares the Romans with the English. What the Twilight Says is a work of criticism, while his protagonists include Jackson Phillip and Harry Trewe, who interact at the Castaways Guest House in his drama Pantomime, as well as Camille Pisarro [*] in the book length poem Tiepolo’s Hound. Best known for works like O Babylon! and Ti Jean and His Brothers, which are set in the West Indies, his 1990 revision of the Odyssey was published two years before he won the Nobel Prize. FTP identify this St, Lucia-born author of The Gulf, Dream on Monkey Mountain, and Omeros.
Answer: Derek Walcott
17. “Ooooh – Stop” -- this song became a calling card for producer Steve Albini as it is indicative of his sparse and dry style. Centered around a swimming experience in the Caribbean where the lyrics recount [*} “Animals where hiding behind the rock/except for little fish/ when they told me east is west.” Another lyric suggests that one “Try this trick and spin it”. Beastly howls in the background wail next to Joey Santiago’s spiraling guitar lick and Black Francis’s vocals are delivered alternately in a higher-octave or spoken. FTP name this song by the Pixies that was the closing theme in the movie Fight Club.
Answer: “Where Is My Mind”
18. The second one, whose opening “Pastorale” is interrupted by the versimo strains of its “Intermezzo,” is probably best known for its rousing “Farandole” and the Provencal folk song “March of the Kings.” The first one features the tender “Adagietto” and the “Carillon” whose vigorous orchestration evokes the chiming of church bells. The second was compiled by Ernest Guiraud following its creator’s death [*] and it’s most recognizable section might be the minuet stolen from the composer’s opera Fair Maid of Perth. Both works, however, were based on the ill-fated love story described in a certain Alphonse Daudet play. FTP identify this pair of works, both named after a sun-drenched town that Vincent Van Gogh called home, by Georges Bizet.
Answer: The Arlesian Suites or L’Arlesienne Suite
19. A 2003 paper by Mathias Bostrom suggested that it is incorrect because it does not account for pH dependence on the background electrolyte. Pulstrodes obtain higher sensitivity than predicted by it, (*) as it predicts a 10-fold sample activity change of a monovalent ion yields a 59 millivolt change in the observed electromotive force across a membrane. One value in it is calculated by the product of the ideal gas constant and the absolute temperature divided by the product of Faraday’s constant and the charge number of the reaction, all multiplied by the natural log of the quotient of the chemical activities on the oxidized and reduced sides of the electrode reaction. FTP, name this relationship which relates the actual potential of an electrode to its standard potential, named for its German formulator.
Answer: Nernst Equation
20. He trained Meriwether Lewis and his namesake “jalaps” were often used on the explorer’s expeditions. His own time in the army expired after it was revealed that he supported the Conway Cabal, though he did end up returning to public service as Treasurer of the Mint. [*] A lifetime believer in women’s rights, he also championed abolition in works like An Address to the British Inhabitants in America Upon Slave Keeping. His other works were collected in Essays: Literary, Moral, and Philosophical, and he confronted William Shippen about the organization and attention given by medical hospitals. Well known for encouraging Thomas Paine to write Common Sense. FTP identify this Colonial dude who helped fight the spread of yellow fever and wrote a book, Medical Inquiries and Observations Upon the Diseases of the Mind, which helped found modern psychiatry.
Answer: Benjamin Rush
Bonuses
1. It is the temperature change that occurs during the adiabatic expansion of a gas. FTPE:
A. (10) Name this effect.
Answer: Joule-Thomson or Joule-Kelvin effect
B. (10) Joule-Thomson coefficients are often derived using this equation of state, which is theoretically an infinite series. The temperature at which its second coefficient is equal to zero is called the Boyle temperature.
Answer: virialequation of state
C. (10) This value can be used to approximate the second virial coefficient. It is an empirical approximation of the potential of the force between two molecules defined as A over r to the twelfth minus B over r to the sixth, where A and B are constants and r is the distance between the molecules’ centers.
Answer: Lennard-Jones potential
2. 16th Century Italian thinkers FTPE: