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Anatomy 30-Lab study guide–Muscular System
Label the following muscles on the attached muscle model pictures. Describe the actions of each muscle listed below. Animations of muscle actions can be viewed at:
Head & shoulders model
Orbicularis oculi
Orbicularis oris
Masseter
Temporalis
Sternocleidomastoid
Platysma
Ventral Torso Model and Tiny Tim(Tiny Tim model shows superficial muscles on its right side and deep muscles on its left side in the torso region.)
Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior (ventralis)
External intercostals, Internal intercostals
Diaphragm, Linea alba
Rectus abdominis, Transversus abdominis
External oblique, Internal oblique
Posterior Torso Model, Tiny Tim, & Cat
Trapezius, Rhomboids
Latissimus dorsi, Teres major, Infraspinatus
Gluteus maximus, Gluteus medius
Tiny Tim muscle model (anterior) /
Tiny Tim muscle model (posterior)
Arm model
Deltoid
Biceps brachii, Triceps brachii
Brachialis, Brachioradialis
Arm & Forearm (anterior) /
Arm & Forearm (posterior)
Posterior & Lateral Leg model
Gluteus maximus, Gluteus medius
Tensor fasciae latae
Biceps femoris, Gastrocnemius, Soleus
Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus
Achilles (calcaneal) tendon
Anterior & medial Leg model
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis, Vastus intermedius (deep to rectus femoris), Vastus medialis
Patellar ligament
Sartorius, Gracilis
Adductor longus, Adductor magnus (femoris in cat)
Tibialis anterior
Thigh & Leg (anterior) /
Thigh & Leg (posterior)
MUSCLES OF THE HUMAN BODY
Human Muscle / Origin / Insertion / Action
HEAD
Frontalis / galea aponeurotica / eyebrows & nose / raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead
Occipitalis / occipital & temporal / galea aponeurotica / pulls scalp back
Temporalis / temporal fossa / mandible / closes jaw
Zygomaticus / zygomatic / corner of mouth / smiling
Orbicularis oculi / frontal & maxillary / Eyelid / closes eyes
orbicularis oris / maxilla & mandible / mouth / closes lips
Masseter / zygomatic / mandible / closes jaw
Buccinator / maxilla & mandible / orbicularis oris / draws corner of lip laterally
Risorius / lateral fascia / angle of mouth / tenses lips
Levator labii superioris / zygomatic & maxilla / upper lip / opens lips
Depressor labii inferioris / mandible / lower lip / pouting
NECK
Sternocleidomastoid / sternum & clavicle / occipital / head & neck flexion
Platysma / fascia of chest / mandible & mouth / depress mandible
Scalenes / cervical vertebrae / first 2 ribs / flex & rotate neck
THORAX
Deltoid / clavicle, scapula / humerus / abducts arm
Pectoralis major / clavicle, sternum, ribs / humerus / flexes & adducts arm
Pectoralis minor / Ribs / scapula / draws scapula forward
Serratus anterior / Ribs / scapula / protract & hold scapula
Diaphragm / ribs, lumbar vertebrae / central tendon / muscle of inspiration
External intercostal / inferior border of rib / superior border of rib / depresses rib cage
Internal intercostal / superior border of rib / inferior border of rib / depresses rib cage
MUSCLES ABDOMINAL WALL
Rectus abdominis / Pubis / sternum, ribs / flexes & rotates vertebrae
Transverse abdominis / inguinal ligament, ribs / linea alba, pubis / compresses abdominal
External oblique / lower eight ribs / linea alba, pubis / flexes vertebral column
Internal oblique / inguinal ligament, ilium / linea alba, pubis / flexes vertebral column
POSTERIOR TRUNK
Levator scapulae / C1-C4 / scapula / elevates & adducts scapula
Rhomboid minor / C7 & T1 / scapula / stabilizes scapula
Rhomboid major / T2-T5 / scapula / stabilizes scapula
Latissimus dorsi / vertebrae & ilium / humerus / extends arm
Trapezius / occipital,C7,vertebrae / scapula / stabilizes scapula
Supraspinatus / scapula / humerus / stabilizes shoulder joint
Infraspinatus / scapula / humerus / stabilizes shoulder joint
Teres major / scapula / humerus / extends, adducts humerus
Teres minor / scapula / humerus / stabilizes shoulder joint
HUMERUS THAT ACT ON THE FOREARM
Triceps brachi / scapula & humerus / ulna / extends forearm
Biceps brachi / scapula / radius / flexes elbow, lifts radius
Brachialis / humerus / ulna / flexes elbow, lifts ulna
Brachioradialis / humerus / radius / flexes forearm, stabilizes elbow
FOREARM THAT ACT ON HAND AND FINGERS
Palmaris longus / flexes wrist
Flexor carpi radialis / flexes wrist, abducts hand
Flexor carpi ulnaris / flexes wrist, adducts hand
Extensor carpi radialis longus / extends & abducts wrist
Extensor carpi radialis brevis / extends & abducts wrist
Extensor digitorum / extends fingers & wrist
Extensor carpi ulnaris / extends & adducts wrist
THIGH AND LEG
Illiacus / ilium, sacrum / femur / flexes thigh
Psoas major / lumbar vertebrae, T12 / femur / flexes thigh and vertebral column
Sartorius / Ilium / tibia / flexes & abducts thigh
Adductor longus / Pubis / linea aspera / adducts & flexes thigh
Adductor magnus / pelvic bone / linear aspera, femur / adducts & rotates thigh
Tensor fasciae latae / Ilium / iliotibial tract / flexes & abducts thigh
Rectus femoris / pelvic bone / patella & tibia / extends knee, flexes thigh
Biceps femoris / pelvic bone, femu / fibula & tibia / extends thigh & flexes knee
Gracilis / pelvic bone / tibia / adducts thigh, flexes leg
Semitendinosus / ischium / tibia / extends thigh & flexes knee
Semimembranosus / ischium / tibia & femur / extends thigh & flexes knee
Vastus lateralis / Femur / patella & tibia / extends & stabilizes knee
Vastus medialis / Femur / patella & tibia / extends knee & stabilizes patella
Gluteus maximus / pelvic bone / femur, iliotibial tract / extends thigh
Gluteus medius / Ilium / femur / abducts & rotates thigh
Gluteus minimus / Ilium / femur / abducts & rotates thigh
FOOT AND ANKLE
Tibialis anterior / dorsiflexes & inversion of foot
Fibularis (peroneus) longus / dorsiflexes & eversion of foot
Gastrocnemius / plantar flexes foot
Soleus / plantar flexes foot
Flexor digitorum longus / plantar flexes foot and inversion foot
Ext digitorum longus / dorsiflexes foot