An Introduction to Matter

What is Matter?

______

  • Anything you see, smell, touch, and taste is made of matter.

Properties of Matter

  • Matter might be______, rough or smooth, round or square, hot or cold.
  • Some matter may catch fire easily, while other matter does not.
  • It may fit inside a ______or be as big as the entire ______!
  • Matter may be any color of the rainbow, or no color at all.

______temperature, flammability, size, and color are all examples of properties of matter.

Can matter change properties?

Physical Properties

  • Physical properties of matter ______
  • For example: size, amount, ______

Chemical Properties

  • Chemical properties hold true for a particular kind of substance no matter what the sample – ______
  • For example: boiling point, melting point, ______
  • Because they never change, chemical properties can be used to ______

______

Matter Classifications

  • Matter can be classified into two general categories: ______and ______

Mixtures

  • Mixtures consist of ______that are mixed together but ______chemically combined.
  • In a mixture the individual substances ______their separate properties.
  • Examples of mixtures: ______

Types of Mixtures

Heterogeneous:

–You can see the different parts of the mixture.

–Ex: Soil, cereal, eggs, sand, or salad

Homogeneous:

–You cannot see the different parts of the mixture.

–Ex: Air, Fruit punch, milk, or chocolate.

Pure Substances

  • Pure Substances are made of ______and have ______properties.
  • ______– a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means
  • Examples: Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Aluminum, ______
  • A molecule is what you get when any atoms join together.
  • A compound is a substance formed from the chemical combinations of two or more different elements joined together.

-All compounds are molecules, but not all molecules are compounds.

  • The properties of molecules and compounds are always different from the properties of the elements that formed them
  • Water is a molecule because it is made from atoms that have been chemically combined. It is also a compound because the atoms that make water are not all the same - some areoxygenand some arehydrogen.
  • The element carbon typically exists as a powdery______; the element hydrogen and oxygen exist as ______. These elements combine to form compounds like sugar which is a ______.
  • Examples: Water, ______, and ______

Atoms

  • Atom: The smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element.
  • Atomsare the basic building blocks of ordinary matter. Atoms can join together to form molecules, which in turn form most of the objects around you.
  • Atoms are composed of particles calledprotons,electronsandneutrons.
  • Water H2O has atoms of 2 elements, hydrogen and oxygen.