American History II
Chapter 26
The Cold War
I. The End of World War II
A. Division of Germany
Zones:
Berlin:
American goals of occupation:
Soviet Goals:
B. Control of Japan
Mandates:
Controlled by:
C. War Crimes Trials
Nuremberg:
Tokyo:
D. United Nations
Date:
Membership:
Organizations
General Assembly:
Security Council:
E. Origins of Soviet / United States animosity
U.S. feels the Soviets:
Soviets feel the U.S.
F. Identify the Soviet Bloc Nations
H. Foreign Policy – under Truman
Containment:
Limited War:
Greece and Turkey:
I. Changes brought about by Nuclear Weapons
Truman’s Attitude:
Attitude related to testing:
II. Implementation of Containment
A. Improve Military Preparedness:
B. Marshall Plan
When:
What:
Why:
C. Berlin Airlift
Soviet reasons for the Blockade of Berlin:
Allies reaction:
D. North Atlantic treaty Organization (N.A.T.O.)
When: Who:
Purpose:
·
·
What event changed the plans?
Soviet response to N.A.T.O.: Warsaw Pact
When: Who:
Purpose:
E. Spread of Communism in Asia
1. China: civil war 1949
Nationalist:
Communist:
People’s Republic of China:
Nationalist China:
U.S. and U.N. position on the 2 nations:
Criticisms of Truman:
2. Korea
Background:
Describe the War:
Truman-MacArthur Controversy:
Resolution:
III. Eisenhower Policy Towards Communism
Position:
John Foster Dulles: Eisenhower’s secretary of state
· Strongly, anti-communist, felt the U.S. should work to rid the world of communism / anti-containment
Tools to end Communism
Propaganda:
Covert Operations:
Massive Retaliation:
Ideas as Weapons:
Middle East: expanding influence
Suez Canal Crisis:
Eisenhower Doctrine:
IV. The Cold War At Home
A. Foundations for Red Scare
B. Ways to Get Communists
a. HUAC
b. anti-Communist Leagues
c. McCarren Act
C. Early Spies
a. Alger Hiss
b. Rosenbergs
D. McCarthy
a. mode of operation
b. the ends?
c. overall impact-
i. Republicans
ii. conservatism & conformity
iii. religion
iv. patriotism
V. Atomic Impact
a. Diplomacy
b. Testing
c. Atomic Mania – everyday culture
i. duck & cover
ii. Kiddy Kokoon – bomb shelter
iii. music, film, literature.
Terms To Know
Soviet Satellites
Warsaw Pact
Mao Zedong:
Chiang Kai Shek:
Gen. MacArthur:
38th Parallel:
Nuclear Proliferation:
Brinkmanship:
Yalta:
Potsdam:
Containment:
Third World:
Sputnik:
U-2 Incident:
Gary Powers
National Security Act:
Hungarian Revolution:
KGB
George F. Kennan
George Marshall
Whittaker Chambers
pumpkin papers
Hollywood Ten
Richard Nixon
Margaret Chase Smith
Mohammed Mosadegh
Gamal Abdel-Nasser
Imre Nagy
Nikita Khrushchev