American Government and Constitutional Law

American Government and Constitutional Law

Summer Assignment 2014: The Constitution

This summer assignment will familiarize you with the US Constitution and prepare you for the first unit, which explores the Constitutional Underpinnings of the US Government. It is due on the 2nd day your class meets. Students enrolling late to the course will have 2 weeks to complete the assignment.

Directions: Read the US Constitution and complete the following questions directly on this handout.

Part I: The Preamble

List the goals of the preamble and then explain what these goals mean in your own words:

1. ______

2.

______

3.

______

4.

______

5.

______

6.

______

Part II: The Articles

Article I

1. Article I: Talks about the ______branch of government.

2. The ______branch of government consists of two houses:

a. ______

b. ______

3. Representative Requirements Senator Requirements

Age: _____ Age:_____

Residency:_____ Residency: _____

Term Length: ______Term Length:______

4. How many representatives does each state at least get? ______

5. Who has the sole power of impeachment? ______

6. Who has the sole power totry all impeachment cases? ______

7. Who is the leader of the House of Representatives? ______

8. Who is the leader of the Senate? ______

9. How many times a year must Congress meet? ______

10. Congressmen are free from arrest while in office except for what offenses? ______

11. Bills for raising revenue must originate where? ______

12. In order for a bill to become law, who must it go through? ______

13. If the President veto’s a bill, what fraction is needed to override the veto? ______

14. Article I Section 8 lists all the expressed powers of Congress, list 5 of their powers and explain why you think these are the most important.

a. ______

b. ______

c. ______

d. ______

e. ______

15. Article I Section 10 lists the denied powers of the states. List 2 things that states are denied of and explain why you think these denied powers are important.

a. ______

b. ______

Article II:

1. Talks about the ______branch of government
2. How old must one be to hold the office of President? ______
3. Residency Requirement? ______
4. How long can one serve as President? ______
5. Section 2 discusses the powers of the President. List 5 of those powers and explain their significance.

a. ______

b. ______

c. ______

d. ______

e. ______

1. For what reasons can the President, Vice President, and all civil officers be removed from office?

______

Article III:

1. Talks about the ______branch of government.
2. Summarize what section 2 says about Judicial Power. ______
3. What is treason? ______
4. The court of original jurisdiction is the first court that hears a case. Appellate courts hear cases on appeal from lower courts. Although the Supreme Court functions primarily as an appellate court, it is the courts of original jurisdiction in certain kinds of cases. What are those? ______
5. According to the principle of checks and balances, each branch of the government must have control over the other branches. Look at the first three articles of the Constitution and identify one of each type of checks and balances. Indicate where each power is listed in the Constitution.
6. A power that the executive branch has over the legislative branch: ______

This can be found in what article/section of the Constitution ______

1. A power that the executive branch holds over the judicial branch. ______

This can be found in what article/section of the Constitution ______

1. A power that the legislative branch holds over the executive branch. ______

This can be found in what article/section of the Constitution ______

1. A power that the legislative branch holds over the judicial branch.

______

This can be found in what article/section of the Constitution ______

1. A power that the judicial branch holds over the executive branch.

______

This can be found in what article/section of the Constitution ______

1. A power that the judicial branch holds over the legislative branch.

______

This can be found in what article/section of the Constitution ______

Article IV:

1. What is your overall understanding of Article IV? ______
2. Summarize each section in one sentence.

1. Section 1: ______
2. Section 2: ______
3. Section 3: ______
4. Section 4: ______

Article V:

1. What is the purpose of Article V? ______
2. Congress can propose an amendment with ______vote.
3. State legislatures can ratify an amendment with ______approval of state legislatures.

Article VI:

1. Summarize the purpose of Article VI: ______

Article VII:

1. Summarize the purpose of Article VII: ______

Part III - THE AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION

Some parts of the Constitution require a simple majority, others a supermajority, while still others protect citizens from the will of the majority. The first ten amendments to the Constitution, the Bill of Rights,protects citizens from the will of the majority. In other words, no majority could vote to take these rights away. Read each amendment of the Constitution and answer the questions below.

1. Outline the general purpose of all 27 Amendments.

11. Which amendment(s) of the Constitution protect the rights of women? ______

12. What is the significance of the 18th and 21st amendments? ______

13. Which amendments (s) of the Constitution protect the rights of African Americans? ______

14. How were US Senators chosen before the 17thAmendment? ______

15. What does the 20th, 22nd, 24th, and 26th amendments say?

20th

______

22nd ______

24th

______

26th

______

16. The Twenty-Fifth Amendment describes the sequence of events that would install the vice president as acting president against the will of the president. Outline that sequence of events.______

Part VI: Majority and Super Majority

The Constitution requires a simple majority for some actions and a supermajority for others. A simple majority means more than half, while supermajority requirements can involve a 2/3 majority or a 3/4 majority. Most elections in the United States require a plurality, or the most votes, but not necessarily a majority.

1. a. What body has the power to override a presidential veto? ______

b. What margin is required to override a presidential veto? ______

c. Where in the Constitution is the veto power described? ______

2. a. What body has the power to ratify treaties? ______

b. What margin is required to ratify treaties? ______

c. Where in the Constitution is the ratification power described? ______

3. To impeach means “to bring charges against” or “to indict”.

a. What body has the power to impeach the president? ______

b. What vote is required to impeach? ______

4. a. What body has the power to convict the president of charges brought against him in the impeachment process and thereby remove him from the presidency? ______

b. What vote is required to convict and remove a president? ______

c. Where in the Constitution is the impeachment power described? ______

5. a. What body has the power to accept or reject a president’s nominations to the Supreme Court? ______

1. What margins is required to elevate a president’s nominee to a seat on the Court? ______

c. Where in the Constitution are judicial nominations described? ______

d. What words are used to describe the role of the Senate in Supreme Court nominations? ______

______

6. a. If no candidate for the presidency wins a simple majority of the total number of electoral votes, what body has the power to choose the president? ______

b. What margin is required to choose the president? ______

c. Where in the Constitution is the Electoral College described? (Hint: there are two parts)

______

______

7. The Constitution specifies a three-fourths majority for just one process. What? ______

8. The Constitution has comparatively little to say about the structure and composition of the Supreme Court. Identify two aspects of the Court’s structure and composition that the Constitution does not specify. (The Constitution does specify these two basic aspects of structure and composition for the other two branches).

______

9. List all parts of the Constitution that require a supermajority. For each, explain why you believe there is a supermajority requirement. ______

______

10. See Article VI. Explain the supremacy clause in your own words. ______

______

11. What are two ways that amendments to the Constitution can be proposed?

1. ______
2. ______

12. What are two ways that amendments to the Constitution can be ratified?

1. ______

1. ______