UNIT 5

RELATIVE CLAUSES

All the students ……………………….. had read the book passed the exam (Defining)

All the students, ………………………… had read the book, passed the exam. (Non-defining)

Are the following defining or non-defining?

Martha, …………………….. knew he was lying, didn’t forgive him.

The invitations, …………………… had been sent to the wrong address, didn’t get there in time for the party.

The invitations ……………………… they sent us were not for us.

That little Chinese restaurant, …………………….. they celebrated their birthday, is closing down.

All the bikes …………………………. had been stolen were returned to their owners.

Defining clauses.

The students who/that passed the exam were very happy. (who is the subject)

We do not say : the students who they passed…

The students (who/that) you saw were Polish. (who is the object. It can be omitted)

The book which/that won the prize was written by a young Spanish student. (which is the subject)

We do not say: the book which it won…

The book (which/that )they read was in English. (which is the object. It can be omitted)

Rewrite the following sentences.

1.  She works in a shop. The shop sells second-hand clothes.

The shop…

She works…

2.  David speaks fluent French. His parents are French teachers,

David,…

3.  My sister is looking after her neighbour’s parrot. It is 90 years old.

The parrot…

4.  They live in a detached house. It is much bigger than our apartment.

They live in…

The house…

5.  You were wearing a new dress yesterday. I loved it.

I loved…

6.  I lent you a book last week. Have you read it?

Have you…

7.  My father has never smoked. He would kill me if he saw me smoking.

My father,…

8.  Jimmy Hendrix played this guitar in his last concert.

This is …

9.  That man’s brother was kidnapped last month.

That is the man…

10.  We spoke to a woman. She has a hundred cats.

We spoke …

11.  Bob is going out with a girl. She is from Australia.

The girl…

12.  My grandmother was born in that house.

That is the …

13.  They have been looking for this passport.

This is …

14.  My teacher told us about a book called Brat Farrar.

Bratt Farrar…