Age Related Differences of Executive Functioning Problems in Everyday Life of Children and Adolescents in the Autism Spectrum.
Sanne F. W. M. van den Bergh, Anke M. Scheeren, Sander Begeer, Hans M. Koot3, & Hilde M. Geurts. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. Contact information: E-mail: ; telephone: 003120 5256843; fax: + 3120 639 1656.
Supplementary Table 1
Descriptives of the samples normed performance on the other subscales and indexes on the BRIEF
Total (118) / 6-to 8- (14) / 9- to 11- (29) / 12- to 14- (42) / 15- to 18- (33)
Gender (m/v) / 102/16 / 13/1 / 24/5 / 38/4 / 27/6
Diagnosis (AUT/ AS/
PDD-NOS) / 24/14/80 / 4/1/9 / 8/1/20 / 6/7/29 / 6/5/22
M (SD / range / M (SD / range / M (SD / range / M (SD / range / M (SD / range
BRIEF total T / 65.2 (8.2) / 45-82 / 65.5 (6.8) / 52-78 / 64.6 (7.2) / 49-77 / 65.2 (8.2) / 45-82 / 65.5 (6.8) / 52-78
BRI T / 65.7 (10.8) / 43-92 / 63.6 (6.5) / 54-79 / 65.8 (9.6) / 49-89 / 65.7 (10.8) / 43-92 / 63.6 (6.5) / 54-79
MCI Ta / 61.3 (9.4) / 38-103 / 61 (6.1) / 52-70 / 58.3 (6.5) / 43-71 / 60.5 (7.2) / 38-75 / 65.4 (13.4) / 38-103
EC T / 62.3 (11.2) / 41-85 / 58.6 (9.4) / 41-76 / 61.4 (10.6) / 45-82 / 62.4 (10.4) / 43-83 / 64.5 (13.2) / 41-85
Monitoring T / 59 (8.5) / 37-74 / 58.9 (8.3) / 44-73 / 57.8 (6.9) / 47-71 / 60.2 (8.6) / 41-72 / 58.1 (9.6) / 37-74
Initiate T / 62.2 (8.4) / 43-78 / 62.1 (8.5) / 43-73 / 62.9 (9.3) / 43-78 / 60.5 (7.4) / 44-74 / 63.7 (8.8) / 45-77
OM T / 52.3 (9) / 32-70 / 54.4 (10.2) / 33-70 / 50.6 (8.5) / 37-66 / 53.7 (7.9) / 35-66 / 51.2 (10) / 32-66
Note.ADOS =Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale Generic communication & social reciprocity; AUT = Autism; AS = Asperger; BRI = Behavior Regulation Index; BRIEF = Behavioral Rating Inventory Executive Functions; EC = emotional control; IQ = Intelligence Quotient; M = Mean; MCI = Metacognition Index; OM: organization of materials; PDD-NOS = Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified; Plan = Plan/ organize; PPVT-III = Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-III; SD = Standard Deviation; SRS = Social Responsiveness Scale; T = T-score.
a n = 117.
Supplementary Table 2
Descriptive Statistics of the Participants that score above the ASD threshold on the ADOS
Measure / Groups, age in years (n)Total (49) / 6-to 8- (7) / 9- to 11- (12) / 12- to 14- (19) / 15- to 18- (11)
Gender (m/v) / 47/2 / 7/0 / 10/2 / 19/0 / 11/0
Diagnosis (AUT/ AS/
PDD-NOS) / 9/4/36 / 4/0/3 / 2/1/9 / 1/2/16 / 2/1/8
M (SD / range / M (SD / range / M (SD / range / M (SD / range / M (SD / range / F* / p / ηp2
Age / 12.6 (2.9) / 6-18 / 7.9 (1) / 6.4-8.8 / 10.8 (1) / 9-11.7 / 13.2 (.8) / 12.2-14.5 / 16.4 (2.9) / 15-18.4 / 137.6 / <.001 / .9
PPVT-III / 102.63 (13.2) / 72-126 / 102.6 (16.6) / 84-126 / 96.2 (12.7) / 72-115 / 103.8 (10.5) / 80-124 / 107.6 (14.4) / 88-126 / 1.61 / .2 / .1
SRS total / 88.4 (18.5) / 128-88 / 84.5 (12.2) / 67-100 / 89.7 (20.5) / 66-128 / 88.4 (18.5) / 128-88 / 84.5 (12.2) / 67-100 / 1.5 / .23 / .09
ADOS / 10.1 (3) / 7-19 / 10.7 (4.1) / 2-19 / 9.8 (3.5) / 0-18 / 10.1 (3) / 7-19 / 10.7 (4.1) / 2-19 / .17 / .92 / .01
Inhibition T / 63.1 (11.5) / 39-94 / 65 (7) / 54-79 / 63 (9.4) / 43-80 / 63.1 (11.5) / 39-94 / 65 (7) / 54-79 / - / - / -
WM T / 57.4 (8.5) / 40-73 / 58.9 (9.8) / 43-72 / 56.8 (7.3) / 44-71 / 58.7 (8.6) / 41-73 / 55.1 (9.3) / 40-70 / - / - / -
Shift T / 62.1 (12.3) / 29-88 / 53.7 (7.9) / 45-69 / 63.8 (15) / 29-88 / 67.4 (10.6) / 49-83 / 56.7 (10.2) / 42-75 / - / - / -
Plan T a / 58 (8.9) / 40-82 / 55.8 (8.3) / 47-64 / 55.9 (7.6) / 41-69 / 60.5 (10.2) / 40-82 / 57.2 (8) / 45-69 / - / - / -
Note.ADOS =Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale Generic communication & social reciprocity; AUT = Autism; AS = Asperger; BRI = Behavior Regulation Index; BRIEF = Behavioral Rating Inventory Executive Functions; IQ = Intelligence Quotient; M = Mean; PDD-NOS = Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified; Plan = Plan/ organize; ; PPVT-III = Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-III; SD = Standard Deviation; SRS = Social Responsiveness Scale; T = T-score.; WM = Working memory.
a n = 48.