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A Changing Era 1815 – 1840 Study Guide

I.The Era of Good Feeling

  1. After the War of 1812, Americans unite and develop a new identity with “American style”
  1. Nationalism – pride in one’s country
  1. Convention of 1818 – set border between US and Canada
  1. General Andrew Jackson conquers Indians that attacked American settlements in Florida
  1. Adams-Onis Treaty – Spain sold Florida to America
  1. Henry Clay and John Calhoun
  2. Wanted the US to become self-sufficient
  3. US can no longer depend on foreign nations
  1. The American System
  2. Called for a series of roads and canals to connect the nation and promote trade within the nation
  3. New tariff was passed to encourage American goods
  4. Create a new National Bank

II.Foreign Policy

  1. In the early 1800s, revolutions broke out in Spain’s colonies in Latin America and many countries became independent.
  2. New nations were weak and not yet developed
  1. Monroe Doctrine
  2. European nations cannot colonize any nation in the Western Hemisphere
  3. Any try at colonization is a direct attack on U.S. interests
  4. The U.S. will not mess in European politics

III.The Industrial Revolution

  1. Industrial Revolution–replacement of many hand tools by machines beginning in the early 1800s in England
  2. Factory system brought workers and machinery together in one place to produce goods
  3. Goods could be produced faster and more cheaply
  4. Samuel Slater memorized designs of the machines and opened a mill in Rhode Island
  5. Lowell, Massachusetts – first factory town
  6. Factory Conditions
  7. Long hours, women and children become cheap labor, low pay, dangerous working conditions
  8. Effects of the Industrial Revolution in the US
  9. factory system spread throughout the U.S.
  10. people moved closer to factories
  11. cities grew around the country

IV.Transportation

  1. Turnpikes – toll roads
  1. National Road – Maryland to Illinois
  1. Water travel was cheaper, faster, and more comfortable
  2. Robert Fulton – steamboats carry people and goods quickly and cheaply
  3. Erie Canal – DeWitt Clinton supported a waterway linking Lake Erie and the Hudson River
  4. opened in 1825 and let western farmers ship their goods to NYC
  1. Railroads

V. The Changing South

  1. Cotton Gin – invented by Eli Whitney; increased production of cotton resulting in an increased population of slaves
  1. Nat Turner – led a slave revolt in 1831
  1. Slave Codes – Laws that stated that slaves had no rights
  1. Slaves developed their own culture