World History
Chapter 2 sec. 3 pp. 71-74
Questions p. 74
[1]
a. Afonso de Albuquerque- Portuguese Admiral who sailed to India and gained control, through conquest, rich trading ports
b. Robert Clive- English agent of the British East India Company led an army of British troops and sepoys that drove the French from their trading posts, forcing the Mughal emperor to recognize its right to collect taxes in Bengal in the northeast.
[2]
a. Outpost- distant areas under the control of a country, used for re-supplying ships or for protecting trade routes
b. Sepoy- Indian soldiers attached to British and French Armies, used to fight wars in India
[3] [a] How did the Portuguese gain control of the spice trade? Armed with guns and cannons the Portuguese waged war on the inhabitants of coastal towns, burned villages and overwhelmed the enemy’s fleets [b] How were they challenged by the Dutch? The Dutch were successful in trading by sea and were at the forefront of European commerce. They eventually captured Alacca from the Portuguese and opened trade with China.
[4] [a] Why was Spain easily able to conquer the Philippines? The people were not united [b] Why did Spain want to control the islands? Its location between the Americas and Asia helped expand Spain’s trading empire. Queen Isabella also wished to spread Christianity.
[5] [a] Why did Mughal power decline? Civil wars and political corruption weekend the Mughal government, they believed the Europeans were not a threat because they had nothing to give the Mughal's, so the leaders allowed Europeans to build forts and warehouses [b] What effect did the decline have on France and Britain? Britain and France fought for control of India; By the late 1700s Great Britain had won.