Unit 6A: Rise of Dictators I
Say-Mean-Matter What does it say? (Read the definition and underline important phrases.)
What does it mean? (Put definition into your own words.)
Why does it matter? (Explain why principle is important in modern political thought or modern democratic states.)
What does it Say? / What does it Mean? / Significance: Why it mattered?Totalitarianism: imposing a form of government in which the political authority exercises absolute and centralized control over all aspects of life, the individual is subordinated to the state, and opposing political and cultural expression is suppressed / centralization
Collectivism
Dictatorship
Genocide
Ideology
Indoctrination
Police state
Racism
Anti-Semitism
Authoritarian: favoring a concentration of power in a leader or an elite not constitutionally responsible to the people
autocratic rule: A country or state that is governed by a single person with unlimited power.
Great Purge: Series of repressive measures in the Soviet Union in the late 1930s orchestrated by Joseph Stalin and involved a large-scale purge of the Communist Party and government officials, repression of peasants, Red Army leadership, etc
Command Economy: An economy that is planned and controlled by a central government, as in the former Soviet Union.
Five Year Plan: Series of nation-wide centralized economic plans were created to serve in the rapid industrialization of the Soviet Union, and thus placed a major focus on heavy industry. The first one took place from 1929 to 1933.
Kulak: a prosperous peasant farmer characterized by Communists as having excessive wealth
Gulag: the penal system of the USSR consisting of a network of labor camps
Fascism: any right-wing nationalist ideology or movement with an authoritarian structure that is opposed to democracy and liberalism. Government marked by a policy of nationalism and racism.
What does it Say? / What does it Mean? / Significance: Why it mattered?
Benito Mussolini: Italian politician who led the National Fascist Party, ruling the country from 1922 to his ousting in 1943. He was one of the key figures in the creation of fascism.
Adolf Hitler: Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the Nazi Party. He was chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and dictator of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945
Nazism: The ideology of the Nazis, especially the policy of racist nationalism, national expansion, and state control of the economy. German form of Fascism in the National Socialist Workers’ party under Adolf Hitler from 1933 to 1945.
Mein Kampf: "My Struggle," it was the ideological base for the Nazi Party's racist beliefs and murderous practices. Published in 1925, this work detailed Hitler's radical ideas of German nationalism, anti-semitism, anti-Bolshevism, and Social Darwinism which advocated survival of the fittest.
Lebensraum: Meaning "living space," it was a basic principle of Nazi foreign policy. Hitler believed that eastern Europe had to be conquered to create a vast German empire for more physical space, a greater population, and new territory to supply food and raw materials.
Communism: a doctrine based on revolutionary Marxist socialism and Marxism-Leninism that was the official ideology of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. A totalitarian system of government in which a single authoritarian party controls state-owned means of production.