Unit 2 - The Cell: Structure & Function

Study Guide

I. The Cell

A. Cell Theory

B. Procaryotic cell

C. Eucaryotic cell

II. Major Parts of a Generalized Cell

A. Cell or Plasma Membrane

B. cytoplasm

C. nucleus

III. Cell or Plasma Membrane

A. Structure: phospholipids bilayer

B. Function: semi (selectively)-permeable –

IV. Nucleus: Function-

V. Nucleus – Function & Structure of Parts

A. Nuclear membrane

B. Nucleoplasm

C. N ucleolus

D. C hromosomes

VI. Cytoplasm

A. Structure

B. Function

VII. Cytoplasmic Organelles

A. Micotubules

B. Microfilaments

C. Cytoskeleton

D. Centrioles

E. Cilia

F. flagella

VIII Energy Related Cytoplasmic Organelles

A. Mitochondria

B. Cristae

C. Cellular Respiration

VIII. Chloroplast

A. chlorophyll

B. grana

C. photosynthesis

IX. Membranous Organelles (canals & vacuoles)

A. endoplasmic recticulum

1. rough & smooth

2. function:

3. forms vesicles

B. golgi apparatus

1. function

2. overall function

C. lysosomes

1. function

2. autodigestion

D. peroxisomes

E. vacuoles

F. ribosomes

1. function

X. Structural Differences between Plant & Animal Cells

A. Structures Found in Plant Cells Only:

1. cell walls

2. chloroplasts

3. large water vacuole

B. Structures Found in Animal Cells Only:

1. centrioles

XI. Specialization & Cell Types

A. Explain the term specialization of Cells-

B. List different types of cells

1.

2.

3.

XII. Passage of Cellular Molecules

C. diffusion

D. osmosis

E. facilitated transport

F. active transport

G. exocytosis

H. endocytosis

1. phagocytosis

2. pinocytosis

I. plasmolysis