The Age of Contact Era

The Age of Contact Era

Unit Two Exam Review

I. Age of Exploration- interaction between Europeans and Indians

a. Mercantilism= System based on fixed amount of wealth in the world

b. Spanish Reasons for exploring (3 G’s)

i. Looking for gold

ii. Convert natives

iii. Expand nation’s power

II. First Europeans in Texas

a. Problems

i. France claimed land

ii. Hostile Indians

iii. Far from Mexico City (Spanish capital)

III. Spanish Explorers= NONE found cities of gold

a. Pineda= First to map coast of Texas in 1519 (first thing happened in Texas)

b. De Soto= Moscoso took over

c. Onate= explored and settled West Texas

IV. La Salle/ French

a. Built Texas outpost named St. Louis

i. Failed for several reasons (leadership, crops, disease, Indians)

V. Spanish Colonization- resulted in established by the system of building missions, presidios, and towns

a. Weren’t there to make treaties

b. Plains failed due to Comanche attacks

c. Chicken War= embarrassment over French raid of Spanish mission

VI. Missions/ Friars

a. El Camino Real= first road from Rio Grande to East Texas missions

b. Missions

i. Corpus Christi de la Ysleta= first permanent European settlement

ii. San Juan Bautista= mother of Spanish missions

iii. San Francisco de los Tejas= first Spanish mission in east Texas

iv. San Antonio= 1718

1. De Bexar was the presidio/ de Valero was the mission

c. Friars

i. Antonio Margil de Jesus= most successful friar

ii. Fray Massanet founded San Francisco de los Tejas

iii. Jose de Escandon= father of lower Rio Grande valley

VII. Effects

a. Positive

i. Spanish culture

ii. Three pronged plan which led to modern cities

iii. Proved Texas was valuable

b. Negatives

i. Changed physical geography

ii. Forced natives from hunting grounds

iii. Indians had to adjust

iv. Lost lives with French and Indians

c. Conquering Indians