Social Studies, Chapter 7: “Comparing the Colonies” (KEY)
MAP of 13 COLONIES / REGION / COLONIES / GEOGRAPHY / JOBS (ECONOMY) / INTERESTINGFACTS
New England
“blue” / Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Connecticut
New Hampshire / rocky soil
plenty of forests
access to sea / small farms
lumbering
fishing
shipbuilding
trade / Mostly Puritans
Make English (Anglican) church simpler (pure)
Religion strong in daily life
Middle
“red” / New York
Pennsylvania
New Jersey
Delaware / rich soil / farmers of crops & cattle
sold pork, beef, wheat, & rye to other colonies / Strong economy brought other Europeans there = a diverse population
Southern
“yellow” / Maryland
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia / wonderful climate & geography = cash crops (tobacco & rice) / landowners with large plantations / depended on indentured servants & slaves to work plantations
Social Studies, Chapter 7: “Comparing the Colonies”
MAP of 13 COLONIES / REGION / COLONIES / GEOGRAPHY / JOBS (ECONOMY) / INTERESTINGFACTS
New England
“blue”
Middle
“red”
Southern
“yellow”
Social Studies Chapter 7 Vocabulary
Vocabularywor / Sentence from text & page / My definition after reading text and the glossary entry in the text
British
colonial regions
economy
democratic
diverse
indentured servant
grant
assembly
geography
Another word of my choice:
Chapter 7, Lesson 3 – Massachusetts: New England Colony
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of InterestMy personal thoughts about the Massachusetts Colony: ______
______
Chapter 7, Lesson 3 – Massachusetts: New England Colony (KEY)
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of InterestIn 1630 = 10 years after Pilgrims came, Puritans formed Mass. Bay Colony to escape mistreatment of British government, so moved to New England
Created colony based on their religious beliefs / Rocky soil
Really cold winters that killed insects and germs that caused disease
Very large forests
Clean water / farmed and raised animals on small plots of land
cut lumber
fishermen
built trade ships
whalers – used fat for oil and candles / More democratic than either England or other European countries
only male members of Puritan church could vote
Elections once a year
Leaders made very strict laws to control order / Pilgrims were a type of Puritan
Chapter 7, Lesson 4 – Rhode Island: New England Colony
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of InterestMy personal thoughts about the Rhode Island Colony: ______
______
Chapter 7, Lesson 4 – Rhode Island: New England Colony (KEY)
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of Interestfounded so people had freedom to practice all different kinds of religions / forests
bays and rivers
rich soil
harsh winters, but plenty of rain in summer for crops / fur trappers
fisherman
traders
farmers who raised animals & grew corn, tobacco, & beans
shipped rum, sugan, wool, & beef to New England colonies & West Indies
African slave traders / Most democratic of the colonies
in early years, all men could vote
Later, only men who owned property could vote
voters did NOT have to be members of the church / Roger Williams originally lived in Mass.
He was forced to leave because he felt Church and government should be separated
In 1636, Williams started a town, Providence, which became capital of RI
Rivers made area great for transportation and trading
Chapter 7, Lesson 5 – New York: Middle Colony
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of InterestMy personal thoughts about the New York Colony: ______
______
Chapter 7, Lesson 5 – New York: Middle Colony (KEY)
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of Interestoriginally settled by the Dutch from Netherlands (Holland)
Came to establish fur-trading posts
But English wanted land so settlers in New England could move westward = captured it in 1664 & king gave to his brother, the Duke of York / New York Harbor
Hudson River Valley
Mohawk River Valley
iron
cold winters
hot, humid summers
long growing seasons / shipping
trade
miners, lumbermen, sailors, trappers, merchants, craftsmen
farming – wheat, corn, vegetables, & tobacco / Colonists had little say
powerful governor who was appointed by British royalty
Governor appointed other officials
Governor enforced laws / Some workers were indentured servants and African slaves
Chapter 7, Lesson 6 – Pennsylvania: Middle Colony
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of InterestMy personal thoughts about the Pennsylvania Colony: ______
______
Chapter 7, Lesson 6 – Pennsylvania: Middle Colony (KEY)
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of Interest1681 granted to William Penn as a place where Quakers could live safely
Penn’s ideas attracted people from other countries and religions / forests
Delaware River Valley = rich soil
Rivers
iron and coal
cold & snowy winters / farming = dairy cattle, vegetables , corn, wheat
miners, lumbermen, merchants
craftsmen
best “poor man’s” colony = taxes lower & no special church tax
Merchants & farmers became wealthy / Governor = William Penn approved by the king
Provincial Council made laws
General Assembly either accepted or rejected these laws
All male property owners vote for members of assembly / Quakers disagreed with other church’s beliefs and ceremonies
Quakers refused to fight in wars
William Penn jailed for beliefs
Penn lived peacefully with Native Americans & treated as friends
African slaves brought, even though many Quakers against it
Chapter 7, Lesson 7 – Maryland: Southern Colony
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of InterestMy personal thoughts about the Maryland Colony: ______
______
Chapter 7, Lesson 7 – Maryland: Southern Colony (KEY)
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of Interest1634 – started by Cecilius Calvert to:
1) make money
2) safe place for Catholics to practice religion / hot, steamy summers
Chesapeake Bay split colony in half, but was a route to sea / small farms of tobacco, corn, wheat, & fruit trees
lumbering, shipping, fishing,
raising cattle for beef and milk
Some bought & sold slaves
Large plantations with tobacco grew rich / At first, Calvert in charge of government
1638, colony allowed to have an assembly
White men with property vote for assembly members
As non-Catholics moved in, law passed that only Catholics could vote and serve in office / Catholics treated cruelly in England and some colonies by non-Catholics and British government
Climate encouraged mosquitoes that carried disease
Plantation work done by African slaves and indentured servants
Chapter 7, Lesson 8 – Georgia: Southern Colony
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of InterestMy personal thoughts about the Georgia Colony: ______
______
Chapter 7, Lesson 8 – Georgia: Southern Colony
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of Intereststarted in 1732 because:
1) British government wanted Spanish to stay in Florida to the south
2) some wealthy Englishmen wanted to help poor people from going to debtor’s prison = Poor people could support themselves in America / Mild winters
hot, humid summers
southern part was swampland (low, wet areas)
forests in the north cut down and cleared for farmland / Farming most important = rice, indigo, cotton, tobacco
trade with Native Americans
craftsmen = shoemakers, bricklayers, potters, blacksmiths
at first, slaves not permitted, but later widely used / in beginning, only rich men who had started the colony ran government
in 1752, control turned over to the British king
king allowed white men to elect assembly
But, king could stop any law the assembly passed / Debtors in England went to jail if they could not pay their bills
Indigo plants used to make blue dye
Social Studies
Chapter 7
Comparing the Colonies
Name: ______
Questions to Ponder
______
1. Which two colonies are the most alike? In what ways are they similar?
2. Which two colonies are the most different? In what ways are they dissimilar?
3. If you were alive during this period in history, in which colony would you have chosen to live? Why?
4. If you were alive during this period in history, in which colony would you have refused to live? Why?
5. Rank the six colonies discussed in this chapter from the most important to the least important (6 – 1). Give one reason why you ranked each colony as you did.
6. Why is it important to study this time period in history? Give two reasons with a detailed explanation of each reason.
7. What is the single most important idea or concept you learned from reading and discussing Chapter 7? Why?
a. Connecticut: Megan, Drew, Karlee
b. New Hampshire: Sammi, Ben, Donny
c. New Jersey: Carter, Olivia B, James
d. Delaware: Tara, Olivia C, Peter
e. Virginia: Kristin, Joey, Ryan
f. North Carolina: Daniel, Nicky, Zach
g. South Carolina: Alyssa, Sydney, Maheen
Virginia: Southern Colony
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of Interestmountains / farmers / Known as “Birthplace Nation”
My personal thoughts about the Virginia Colony: ______
______
North Carolina: Southern Colony
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of Interest1585 & 1587 first group established colonies on Roanoke Island / Atlantic Ocean
Rich farmland
Swamps
Hills
Over half state forests & mountain
Summers hot & humid
44 inches rainfall yearly
5 inches of snow yearly / Farmers
Lumbermen
Fishermen
mountaineers
My personal thoughts about the North Carolina Colony: ______
______
South Carolina: Southern Colony
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of InterestMoney for King / Ocean
Forests
Plains
Mountains
Sandy beaches
Subtropical climate
My personal thoughts about the South Carolina Colony: ______
______
Delaware: Middle Colony
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of InterestReligious freedom
To make their religion expand
Provide ocean access to Pennsylvania
Enrich themselves with new land / Moderate climate
70 degrees F in summer
Beaches
Rich soil for farming
Rivers
Mild winters
Mountain valleys / Fishing
Hunters
Blacksmithing
Lumbering
Shipbuilding
Traders / Governor
Voted on special taxes
Council
Functioned very well / Accepted all religions
Pennsylvania Propertyship owned it for 96 years
My personal thoughts about the Delaware Colony: ______
______
New Jersey: Middle Colony
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of InterestFarming and trade
1664 / Rich fertile soil
Deep safe harbors for ships
Coastal plains
Gentle hills
Mountains
Warm with long summer seasons / Farming
Merchants
Tradesmen
Fishermen
Sailors
Schoolteachers
Tavern keepers
Apothecary
Minister / Town clerk / Most people farmers
My personal thoughts about the New Jersey Colony: ______
______
Connecticut: New England Colony
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of InterestThomas Hooker believed the government officials had too much power in England / Mountains
Mild summers
Cold winters / Fishermen
Farmers
Shipbuilders
whalers / Puritans only allowed in positions
My personal thoughts about the Connecticut Colony: ______
______
New Hampshire: New England Colony
Reasons for Founding / Geography & Climate / Job Opportunities / Government / Other Facts of InterestReligious freedom
1623 John Mason founded / Lived by mouth of Piscataquea River
Good soil
Forests / Fishing
Trappers
Loggers
Shipbuilders / Lots of governors / Motto: “Live Free or Die”
My personal thoughts about the New Hampshire Colony: ______
______
Criteria for Assessment Paragraphs:
For a grade of “C”: (Just list a few facts in sentences w/no personal thoughts or details)
I really like Colony X because it has cold winters and hot summers. They grew corn,
tobacco, and wheat. I like their government and that men could vote. Colony X has jobs I
like, such as lumberman and fisherman. That’s why I like Colony X.
For a grade of “B”: (More facts listed in sentences, but still not much personal thought or detail)
I really like Colony X for many reasons. First, it has the perfect climate, cold winters
and hot summers. It has forests so people could be lumbermen and rivers for fishing. They
grew corn and wheat on small farms. Tobacco was grown on small plantations. The govern-
ment was more democratic than the other colonies. I liked the fact that it was started in 1643
by John Jones as a place to become rich and make a better living than in England. Now you
know why Colony X is for me.
For a grade of “A”: (Facts are written in detailed sentences with personal thoughts about each)
I would really have liked living in Colony X for many reasons. First, it has the perfect climate
for me. I love cold winters for skiing and sledding. Hot summers are the best for swimming and just
being outdoors. Next, the geography is appealing to me. I think being a lumberman spending my
time in the forests cutting down trees would be fun and healthy. The many rivers would give me the
opportunity to fish and to travel to other colonies. I wouldn’t mind making a living by fishing, trading,
or shipbuilding. In addition, I believe living in a democracy is important, but I don’t like the fact that
only men could vote. My final reason for liking Colony X is because of why it was founded. I believe
every man and woman should have the freedom to choose a job that will give them a better way of
life by having the opportunity to make money as long as they want to work for it. I don’t mind hard work.
Colony X is definitely where I would have lived if I were alive back then.