STUDY TOPICS 2013-14 Nationals

STUDY TOPICS 2013-14---Nationals

ENGLISH

Grammar

Adjectives

· Comparative

· Superlative

Articles

Capitalization

Clauses and Phrases

Four Types of Sentences

Parts of Speech

· Adjective

· Adverb

· Appositive

· Interjection

· Noun

· Pronouns

Preposition

· Object of

Phrases/Clauses

· Adverb Clause

· Dangling Modifier

· Gerund

· Prepositional

Pronouns

· Indefinite

· Object

· Objective/Subjective

· Personal

· Possessive

· Possessive “We”

· Reflexive

· Relative

· Third Person Singular

Punctuation

· Appositive

· Commas

· Semicolon

Sentence Errors

· Adjective/Adverb Modifiers

· Antecedent

· Compound

· Compound-Complex

· Interrogative

· Misplaced Modifier

· Passive/Active Voices

· Plural

· Possessive

· They’re/Their

Sentence Structure

· Predicate

· Simple Subject

· Subject

Verbs

· Conjugate

· Future

· Future Perfect

· Helping Verbs

· Linking Verbs

· Nouns to Verbs

· Past Participial

· Past Perfect

· Past Tense

· Past Tense Irregular Verbs

· Verbals

Types of Verbs

Language Arts

Analogies

· __is to __ as__is to__

Antonyms and Synonyms

Figures of Speech

Figurative Language

· Alliteration

· Assonance

· Consonance

· Hyperbole

· Idiom

· Literal

· Metaphor

· Onomatopoeia

· Personification

· Proverbs

· Simile

Forms of Poetry

Homonyms

Literary Genres

Literary Terms & devises

· Analogy

· Assonance

· Cliché

· Epigram

· Fantasy

· Homonyms

· Metaphor

· Palindrome

· Transitional Words

Terms

· Antagonist

· Banshee

· Basilisk

· Golem

· Gremlin

· Guide Word

· Ogre

· Soliloquy

· Surrealism

· Troll

Parts of a Book

· Bibliography

· Point of View

· Prologue

· Table of Contents

Parts of a Play

· Prologue

Parts of a Newspaper

· First Paragraph

Parts of a story

· Climax

Poetry

· About Death

· Ballad

· Blank Verse

· Cinquain

· Lyric

· Metrical Foot

· Metrical Unit

· Poetry Meter

· Subdivision of Epic

Postal Abbreviations

· Alaska

· Florida

· Iowa

· Massachusetts

· Montana

· New Jersey

· New York

· Washington

Reference Materials

· Atlas

· Dictionary

· Encyclopedia

· Thesaurus

Types of Writing

· Business Letter

· Memo

· Memoir

· Myth

Word Derivatives

Literature

Authors

· Alexandre Dumas

· C.S. Lewis

· Edgar Allen Poe

· Frank Baum

· Gary Paulsen

· Jack London

· Jacob & Wilhelm Grimm

· Jesse Stuart

· L. Frank Baum

· Langston Hughes

· Lois Duncan

· Mark Twain

· Percy Bysshe Shelly

· Robb White

· Robert Lypsite

Literary Characters

· Bilbo Baggins

· Buck

· Camelot

· Chicago

· Excalibur

· Gunpowder

· Ham

· Hiawatha

· John Thorton

· Katharina

· Michael Crichton

· MORO-709

· Wilber and Charlotte

· Willie Wonka

· Yahoos

Literary Works

· Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

· Adventures of Hucleberry Finn

· Arithmetic

· Black beauty

· Cats

· Cheaper by the Dozen

· Diary of Anne Frank

· Divergent

· Henry Huggins

· Inherit the Wind

· Manic

· Moby Dick

· My Antonia

· O Pioneers

· Of Mice and Men

· Reflections on a Gift of a Watermelon Pickle

· Richard III

· Romeo and Juliet

· Shane

· Sounder

· Star Girl

· The Call of the Wild

· The Diary of Anne Frank

· The Grapes of Wrath

· The Great Fire

· The Invisible Man

· The Legend of Sleepy Hollow

· The Man and Sixpence

· The Taming of the Shrew

· Three Musketeers

· To Kill a Mockingbird

· Travels with Charley

· Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea

· Twilight

· Wizard of Oz

Greek and Roman Mythology

· Athena

· Atlas

· Circe

· Cupid

· Cyclps

· God/Goddesses of Seas

· God/Goddesses of Underworld

· Minotaur

· Mount Olympus

· Nausicca

· Phaeton

· Polyphemus

· Poseidon

· Prometheus

· Tantalus

Types of Literature

Spelling

Abbreviations

· Avenue

· Boulevard

· Building

· Company

· Department

· Incorporated

· Manufacturing

· Road

· Street

Contractions

Consonants

Definition

· Enter a Country

· Return to a country of Birth

Greek Words

· Geography

· Hubris

Homonyms

· Lessons

· Their

· Townships

Irregular Verbs

Nationalities

· Belgium

· Haiti

· Hungary

· Iceland

· Italy

· Scotland

· Switzerland

Noun Singulars

· Bacteria

Noun Plurals

· Data

· Plural Possessive

· Words Ending in f

Prefixes

· Anti-

Pronouns

· Possessive Form

Rules

· “I” before “E” Except after “C”

· 3 Letter Rule

· Consonants

· Double Consonants

· End of a word with “ee” Sound

· -es Plurals

· Letter That Never Stands By Itself

· Letter that never Stands by itself & is written with a “U.”

· Plural of words Ending in ‘O” Preceded by a Consonant

· Vowels

· Words Ending in “ar”

Roots

· Civ

Silent Letters

Singular and Plural Words

Suffixes

Verbs

· Simple Past Tense

Vowels

Vocabulary

Abbreviations

· Doctor of Philosophy

Collective Nouns Definitions

· Blithe

· Copra

· Plethora

· Proliferate

· Sanctimonious

· Sleek

· Venerable

· Veracity

· Vie

· Vitiate

· Zenith

Common Abbreviations

Comparative Forms of Words

Connotation

Different
Meanings of the Same Words

Greek & Latin Roots & Words

· Aer

· Alpha

· Beta

· Bios

· Pro-

Homographs

Homonyms

· Bear

Identify Words

· Effaced

· Jewish Place of Worship: Synagogue

· Omega: : Last letter of the greek alphabet

· Study of Humans:

Parts of Speech

· Adjective to Noun

· Noun to Adjective

Prefixes (e.g. in)

· Anti- : against, opposed to,

· Dis- : indicating reversal: disconnect ; disembark

· Micro- : meaning small, in metrics (µ) is aprefixin the metric system denoting a factor of 10-6

Roots

· Latin

Root Words Meanings

· Physi- - means the study of nature, or function

Suffixes (e.g. –ize)

· -Graphy: write, written, draw

· -Logy: word, study, say, speech, reason, study

· -Ment: indicating state, condition, or quality: enjoyment

· -Meter: Measure

· -Phony: sound or to a type of speech

· -Pobia: Fear

· -Scope : instrument for inspecting or viewing

Terms

· Acronym

· Austere

· Ballad

· Equine

· Homonym

· Leonine

· Lupine

· Mean

· Phonetics

· Porcine

· Serpentine

· Simulcast

Word Derivations (e.g. noun to verb, verb to noun)

Social Studies

Current Events

Catastrophic Events

· 2012 Presidential Election

· Events

· March on Washington

· Rim Fire

· Sandy Hook

· Smithfield Foods

· U. N. National Security Council

· Yangtze River

Countries and Places

· Afghanistan

· Algeria

· Mount Rushmore

· Syria

Current U.S. Government

Events

· Invasions and Wars

· Natural Disasters

Forms of Government

· Canada

· Japan

· Jordan

· Libya

Global Concerns

Leaders

· Monarchs

· Presidents

· U.S. President’s Cabinet

Organizations

· G-20 Summit

· NRA

People

· Arne Duncan

· Asif Ali Zardari

· Barack Obama

· Canada Prime Minister

· Chicago Mayor

· Daniel Inouye

· David H. Petraeus

· Emperor Akhito

· George Zimmermon

· Jacob Zuma

· Kim Jong-il

· King Saudi Arabia

· Mahmoud Abbas

· Malala

· Martin Luther King

· Mexico President

· Osama Bin Laden

· President Iraq

· President Mexico

· President Russia

· Queen of England

· Smokey Bear

· Supreme Court Justices

· U. N. Secretary General

Terms

· Araba Spring

· Patient

· Patient Protection and Affordable care act

· PTSD

· Rover

· Tamu Massif

U. S. Government

· BLM

· Federal Reserve

· Secretary of State

· Speaker of the House

Watch the news, Read newspapers and magazines. Know national & International events, leaders, issues.

Economics

Acronyms/Nicknames

· GNP

· GOP

· NATO

· OPEC

· UN

· WTO

Currency/ US and Foreign

· Capitalistic Countries

· Communistic Countries

· Socialistic Countries

Economic Factors

· Balance of Trade

· Competition

· Deficit

· Production

· Supply & Demand

· Surplus

· Trade Restrictions

Economic Systems

· Laissez-Faire

· Socialism

People

· Henry Ford

· Ralph Nader

Laws

· Law of Diminishing Returns

Taxes

· W2

Terms

· 1040 EZ

· Adjustable Gross Income

· Automation

· BBB

· Behavioral Economics

· Beneficiary

· Closed Shop

· Communism

· Conspicuous Consumption

· Deflation

· Economics

· Eminent Domain

· GDP

· Inflation

· Legal Tender

· Lien

· Medicare

· Monopoly

· Peso

· Poverty

· Private Ownership

· Public Ownership

· Recession

· Socialism

· Urbanization

· Wealth

U.S. Geography

Landmarks

· Bryce Canyon

· Crater Lake

· Everglades

· Freedom Trail

· Yellowstone National Park

· Yosemite

Locations & Names of Geographic Features

· Canada

· Mt. McKinley

· Time Zones

· Washington DC

· West Virginia

· Zebulon Pike

Rivers, Seas, & Oceans

· Columbia

· Great Lakes

· Great Salt Lake

· Japanese Current

· Mississippi River

· Mississippi River States

· Missouri River

· Potomac

· Red River

· Rio Grande

· Sabine

· Tennessee

States: Location, Capitals

· Nicknames/Symbols/Borders

· Montana Border

· Ohio Border

State Capitals

· Alaska

· California

· Iowa

· Kansas

· Massachusetts

· Named After Presidents: There are four state capitals named after U.S. presidents

§ ---Lincoln, Nebraska, Madison, Wisconsin, Jackson, Mississippi, Jefferson City, Missouri

· New Jersey

· Portsmouth

· Tennessee

Terms

· Indian Reservation

U.S. States

· Big Sky (country) : Montana (also treasure state)

· Bluegrass State: Kentucky (also land of tomorrow ?)

· Bluegrass State: Kentucky Ocean State:

· Borders Pacific: Alaska; Washington; Oregon; California; Hawaii

· Breadbasket

· Capitals

o Alaska : Juneau

o California : Sacramento

o Hawaii : Honolulu

o Oregon : Salem

o Washington : Olympia

· Edison National Historic Site

· Garden State: New Jersey

· Keystone State: Pennsylvania (also quaker state)

· Ocean State: Rhode Island (also plantation state)

· Painter Desert

· Ponce de Leon

· Sportsman’s Paradise: Louisiana (also pelican state)

· The Gateway to the west: Missouri (also Show me State)

· Wind Cave National Park

U.S. Territories

U.S. Time Zones

U.S. History

American Revolution

· Albany Plan

· Articles of Confederation

· Battle of Lexington Concord

· Bill of Rights

· Boston Tea Party

· British Stamp Act

· Civil War

· Constitutional Convention : : (also known as the Philadelphia Convention) took place from May 25 to September 17, 1787, inPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania, to address problems in governing theUnited States of America, which had been operating under theArticles of Confederationfollowing independence fromGreat Britain. Although the Convention was intended to revise the Articles of Confederation, the intention from the outset of many of its proponents, chief among themJames MadisonandAlexander Hamilton, was to create a new government rather than fix the existing one. The delegates electedGeorge Washingtonto preside over the Convention. The result of the Convention was the creation of theUnited States Constitution, placing the Convention among the most significant events in thehistory of the United States.

· Declaration of Independence

· Ford’s Theater

· George Washington Inauguration

· Gettysburg

· Northwest Ordinance

· Original Colonies :

1. Connecticut
2. Delaware
3. Georgia
4. Maryland
5. Massachusetts
6. New Hampshire
7. New Jersey
8. New York
9. North Carolina
10. Pennsylvania
11. Rhode Island
12. South Carolina
13. Virginia

· Second President : : John Adams

· Shay’s Rebellion

· States in Confederacy:

South Carolina
Mississippi
Florida
Alabama
Georgia
Louisiana
Texas
Virginia
Arkansas
North Carolina
Tennessee

· U.S. Constitution

· U.S. Presidents

Articles of Confederation

· Weaknesses

Civil War

· John Wilkes Booth

· Reconstruction

· William Sherman

Colonial Times

Currency

· Face on Coins

Declaration of Independence

Famous Documents

· Mayflower Compact : the first governing document ofPlymouth Colony. It was written by theSeparatists, sometimes referred to as the "Saints", fleeing from religious persecution byKing James of England. They traveled aboard theMayflowerin 1620 along with adventurers, tradesmen, and servants, most of whom were referred to, by the Separatists as "Strangers". The Mayflower Compact was signed aboard ship on November 11, 1620 by most adult men. The Pilgrims used theJulian Calendar, also known as Old Style dates, which, at that time, was ten days behind theGregorian Calendar. Signing thecovenantwere 41 of the ship's 101 passengers, while theMayflowerwas anchored in what is nowProvincetown Harbor within the hook at the northern tip ofCape Cod.

Famous Americans

Industrial Age

Laws

· U.S. Citizens Responsibilities

Native Americans

· Buffalo

· Chief Joseph

People

· Assassinated Presidents

· Ben Franklin

· Bill Clinton

· Brigham Young

· Francis Scott Key

· Helen Hunt Jackson

· John F. Scopes

· John Paul Jones

· Leonard Bernstein

· Madeline Albright

· Nathaniel Hale

· Oliver H. Perry

· Patrick Henry

· Samuel Colt

Presidential Elections

Places

· Mount Rushmore

Revolutionary War

Terms

· Pictograph

U.S. Constitution

U.S. Holidays – Meanings and dates

U.S. Presidents

· First Six

Western Expansion

· Crazy Horse

· Eisenhower Administration

· John C. Fremont

· Lewis & Clark

· Manifest Destiny

· Northeast Territory

World War I and II

· Women’s Right to Vote

U.S. Law

Branches of U.S. Government

· Inauguration Day

· Powers & Limits of Each Branch

· Term of Office

Executive Branch

· Attorney General

· Cabinet

· Department of Homeland Security

· Laws

· Oval Office

Legislative Branch

· Approve Treaties

· House of Representatives

· How Determined

· Impeachment

· New States

· Number of Representatives

· Number of Senators

· Powers

· Speaker of the House

Judicial Branch

· African-American Judges

· Chief Justice

· Chief Justice Duties

· Number of Supreme Court Justices

· Supreme Court Cases

o Brown VS. Topeka Board of Education

o Marbury VS. Madison

o Plessy VS. Ferguson

o Roe VS. Wade

· Supreme Court Nominees

· Woman Justices

Laws

· Rights of Person Accused of A Crime

People

· Alexander Hamilton