3
Inauguration of the President
Teaching with Primary Sources
Illinois State University
3
Kathy Kniery
Tri-Valley Elementary School
Summer 2008
Teaching with Primary Sources
Illinois State University
3
January 20, 2009 will be the day the second president of the 21st century is inaugurated. Our lesson looks at the inaugurations of the eighteen men who were the 20th century presidents.
Overview/ Materials/Historical Background/LOC Resources/Standards/ NETS*S/Procedures/Evaluation/Rubric/Handouts/Extension
Overview Back to Navigation BarObjectives / · Students will assemble a picture puzzle of an historical event on the SMART board.
· Shown a picture of an historical event, the students
o will use a photo analysis worksheet to:
o describe what they see in the picture,
o formulate questions they want to ask of someone in the picture,
o list sources to find the answers to the questions
· Students will use three sources to find the answers to their questions.
Recommended time frame / 30-minutes per exercise
Grade level / Third grade
Curriculum fit / Social Studies
Materials / · Pictures from LOC
· Pencils
· Photo Analysis Worksheet
· Data Organizer
Illinois State Learning Standards Back to Navigation Bar
. / Social Sciences:
GOAL 16: Understand events, trends, individuals and movements shaping the history of Illinois, the United States and other nations.
· 16.A. Apply the skills of historical analysis and interpretation.
o 16.A.2c Ask questions and seek answers by collecting and analyzing data from historic documents, images and other literary and non-literary sources.
National Educational Technology Standards for Students
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1. Creativity and Innovation
Students demonstrate creative thinking, construct knowledge, and develop innovative products, and processes using technology. Students:
a. Apply existing knowledge to generate new ideas, products, or processes
2. Critical thinking, problem solving, and decision making
Students use digital media and environments to communicate and work collaboratively, including at a distance, to support individual learning and contribute to the learning of others. Students:
a. Identify and define authentic problems and significant questions for investigation
Procedures Back to Navigation Bar
Day One:
1. Students will have segments of a picture of an historical event revealed one at a time and they will identify details in each segment.
2. When the whole picture is revealed, groups of 3-4 students will complete the Photo Analysis sheet.
3. Classmates will discuss what they wrote on the photo sheet.
Day Two-Five:
1. Students will receive another photo to analyze.
2. Students will research to find the answer their questions.
Day Six:
1. Students will report their findings
2. Students will evaluate the activity
Evaluation Back to Navigation Bar
· Students will be using the Super Three adaptation of the Big Six. Rubric
Extension Back to Navigation Bar
1. Use this lesson to start units in:
· History
· Science
· Technology
· Writing
2. Have students choose a picture from the Library of Congress archives and repeat Day 1 with other students.
3. Use this lesson in upper grades throughout the study of a novel (i.e., To Kill a Mockingbird) or a play (i.e., Inherit the Wind)
Historical Background
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No person except a natural born citizen, or a citizen of the United States, at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the office of President; neither shall any person be eligible to that office who shall not have attained to the age of thirty five years, and been fourteen Years a resident within the United States.
--The Constitution of the United States
Every four years the Constitution the United States provides for the orderly election of a president and Vice-President. During the 20th Century two vice-presidents became president when the president was assassinated, one man assumed the presidency upon the death of a president, and one man, who was never elected to the vice-presidency, became president upon the resignation of his predecessor.
The Constitution changed the date of the inauguration; previously the date for the swearing in of the president was March 4th, the first day the Constitution went into effect and a new amendment to the Constitution specified the president be sworn in on January 20th. In 1933 the twentieth amendment changed the dates of the end of the terms for the legislative and executive officeholders. The invention of faster modes of transportation made this possible.
The words of the oath did not change.
"I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States."
--Constitution of the United States
Primary Resources from the Library of Congress
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Inauguration of the President
Year / Thumbnail / Description / Citation / Permanent URL1901 / Inauguration of Pres. McKinley, March 4, 1901. / Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division. Frances Benjamin Johnston Collection. Reproduction number: LC-USZ62-70244 (b&w film copy neg.). / http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/pin:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3b17645))
1905 / President Theodore Roosevelt 1905 / DN-0002195, Chicago Daily News negatives collection, Chicago Historical Society / http://www.hellowashingtondc.com/Images/People/8142006Theodore_Roosevelt_1905.jpg
http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/cdn:@field(NUMBER+@band(ichicdn+n002195))
1909 / Side view of Taft on balustrade in snow, with top hat in hand, gesturing to crowd before him on grounds of east front of Capitol, with photographers at left. / Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division. Reproduction number: LC-USZ62-22839 (b&w film copy neg.). / http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/pin:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3a23912))
1913 / President-elect Wilson and President Taft, standing side by side, laughing, at the White House, prior to Wilson's inauguration ceremonies, March 4, 1913 / Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division. Reproduction number: LC-USZ62-34095 (b&w film copy neg.). / http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/pin:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3a34593))
1921 / Woodrow Wilson, Warren G. Harding, Philander Knox, and Joseph Cannon, in convertible, March 4, 1921 / Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division. Reproduction number: LC-USZ62-126309 (b&w film copy neg.). / http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/pin:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3c26309))
1925 / President Coolidge, Mrs. Coolidge and Senator Curtis on the way to the Capitol / Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division. Reproduction number: LC-USZ62-29717 (b&w film copy neg.). / http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/pin:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3a30386))
1929 / Chief Justice William H. Taft administering the oath of office to Herbert Hoover on the east portico of the U.S. Capitol, March 4, 1929 / Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division. Reproduction number: LC-USZ62-17145 (b&w film copy neg.). / http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/pin:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3a53262))
1937 / President Franklin Delano Roosevelt delivering his inaugural address on the east portico of the U.S. Capitol, January 20, 1937 / Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division. Reproduction number: LC-USZ62-16016 (b&w film copy neg.). / http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/pin:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3a18249))
1949 / President Truman's Inaugural Address
January 20, 1949 / www.trumanlibrary.org/educ/inaug.htm <4 July 2008> / http://www.trumanlibrary.org/photos/64-1-55sm.jpg
1953 / Ike responds to cheers of crowd / Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division. New York World-Telegram & Sun Newspaper Photograph Collection. Reproduction number: LC-USZ62-126328 (b&w film copy neg.). / http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/pin:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3c26328))
1961 / President-elect John F. Kennedy shakes hands with Father Richard J. Casey / Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division. Reproduction number: LC-USZ62-70671 (b&w film copy neg). / http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/pin:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3b18065))
1965 / Lyndon B. Johnson (left) being sworn in as president of the United States by Chief Justice Earl Warren (right) as Lady Bird Johnson and Hubert Humphrey (center) look on, on the east portico of the U.S. Capitol / Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division. New York World-Telegram & Sun Newspaper Photograph Collection. Reproduction number: LC-USZ62-120411 (b&w film copy neg.). / http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/pin:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3c20411))
1969 / Richard M. Nixon takes the oath of office as President of the United States. / http://www.nixonlibrary.gov/virtuallibrary/gallery.php <3 July 2008> / http://www.nixonlibrary.gov/virtuallibrary/gallery.php
1974 / Gerald R. Ford is sworn in as the 38th President of the United States by Chief Justice Warren Burger as Mrs. Ford looks on. August 9, 1974 / http://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/avproj/inaugura.htm <3 July 2008> / http://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/avproj/A0004-10.jpg
1977 / President Jimmy Carter and Rosalynn Carter walk down Pennsylvania Avenue during Inauguration, January 20, 1977. / Photograph from Jimmy Carter Library, Atlanta, Georgia. Reproduction number: NLC-WHSP-C-00034-12 / http://media.nara.gov/media/images/24/5/24-0442a.gif
1981 / The Reagans waving during the Inaugural Parade, January 20, 1981 / Photograph from Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California. / http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/photographs/large/c49-11.jpg
1989 / Chief Justice William Rehnquist administering the oath of office to George Bush on the west front of the U.S. Capitol, with Barbara Bush smiling and looking on, January 20, 1989 / Architect of the Capitol. Reproduction number: LC-USZC4-7723 (color film copy transparency). / http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/pin:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3g07723))
1993 / Bill Clinton and Hillary Rodham Clinton, full-length portrait, dancing at inaugural ball, in front of group of people / Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division. Photograph courtesy of The White House. Reproduction number: LC-USZC4-5394 (color film copy transparency). / http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/pin:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3g05394))
Rubric
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Project Rubric
Name / Activity / Done / Almost Done / Not DonePlan / Project plan
Questions written down
Do / List of Sources to check
Checked two sources
Read/viewed two sources
Wrote notes
Organized Information
Cited Sources
Review / Followed instructions
Proofread my work
I feel good about this project
Scores
Handout 1
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Photo Analysis Worksheet
What people, things and activities do you see in this picture:People / Things / Activities
Other things you see:
What is happening in this picture?
What questions would you like to ask this president?
Who is this president? ______
How old is this man? ______
This president is from the state of ______
Where can we find answers to your questions?
Teaching with Primary Sources
Illinois State University
3
Handout 2
Your Name / Question #1 / Question #2 / Question #3Source #1
Title
Author
Copyright
Source #2
Title
Author
Copyright
Source #3
Title
Author
Copyright
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Teaching with Primary Sources
Illinois State University