Part A -- Multiple Choice & Short Answer: Circle or give the one BEST answer. (10 points possible)
1. Which of the following societies began the custom of embalming to preserve the body for its life after death?
a. Egypt b. Mesopotamia c. India d. China
2. The early Sudanic societies recognized a single divine force as the source of good and evil, and they associated it with: a. fire. b. the ocean. c. the sun. d. rain.
3. The Egyptians supplemented their pictographs with symbols representing sounds and ideas; they were called ______by the Greeks.
4. Around 9000 B.C.E., peoples of the eastern Sudan started to:
a. domesticate cattle and became nomadic herders.
b. build massive stone tombs for their pharaohs.
c. create wheeled vehicles that would allow domination of other peoples.
d. trade with Mesopotamia, Harrappa, and Mohenjo-daro.
5. The earliest Egyptian and Nubian states were:
a. city-states. b. small kingdoms. c. centralized empires. d. trading networks.
6. Egypt was united around 3100 B.C.E. by the conqueror named ______.
7. Egypt's "Old Kingdom" is best known for which of the following:
a. building of massive stone monuments to the pharaoh.
b. construction of numerous temples, palaces, and statues.
c. invasion by the Hyksos who used chariots to gain an advantage over Egypt.
d. conquest by King Kashta and the armies of Kush.
8. Pharaohs in the New Kingdom were:
a. more powerful than pharaohs of the Old Kingdom.
b. descended from a line of Babylonian kings.
c. set on the throne by the Roman emperor Julius Caesar.
d. more vigorous in their attempts to extend Egyptian authority beyond the Nile valley and delta.
9. In ______there appear to be many female rulers, but in Egypt only ______ruled as a pharaoh.
10. Which of the following is NOT an aspect of the Bantu people?
a. An extensive migration throughout the African continent.
b. Effective use of canoes in traveling a network of rivers.
Match each figure to their accomplishment or characteristic. You may write the number and its corresponding letter. (5 points)
11. / Attempted to make Egypt a monotheistic society. / A. / Tuthmosis III12. / Dominated the coastal regions of the eastern Mediterranean as well as North Africa / B. / Hatshepsut
13. / Their army was equipped with iron weapons and conquered Egypt, driving out the Kushites / C. / Menes
14. / Served as co-ruler and wore a stylized beard to project a male exterior / D. / Amenhotep IV
15. / Unified northern and southern Egypt and built the capital of Thebes. / E. / Assyrians
c. Development of iron making which gave them an advantage over others.
d. Establishment of large centralized cities and government.
Part b: Interpretation & Analysis
Refer to each document on the given page and answer the corresponding question. (5 points possible)
16. Review map 3.1 on page 51 and answer the question. (1 point)
17. Read the account of Harkhuf's expeditions on page 56 and answer the question. (1 point)
18. Review the picture on page 57 and answer the question. (1 point)
19. Examine the sculpture on page 62 and answer the question. (1 point)
20. Read the "Great Hymn to Aten" on page 64 and answer the question. (1 point)
RQ Chapter 4: Early Societies in South Asia
Part A -- Multiple Choice & Short Answer: Circle or give the one BEST answer. (10 points possible)
21. After the Aryans and Dravidians mixed and intermingled,
a. Indra still remained the leading god. b. Indra disappeared completely.
c. Amon-Re replaced Indra as the ruler of the gods. d. Indra receded into the background.
22. The Aryans were:
a. the priestly class of the Harappan society. b. Chinese merchants.
c. the political remnants of the Harappan kings. d. Indo-Europeans migrants.
23. In Hinduism, the severing all ties with the physical world and identifying oneself with the ultimate reality of the world spirit is known as ______.
24. Harrappan culture was MOST unlike Mesopotamia in which of the following ways?
a. Harrappa shows evidence of being void of technology.
b. Harrappa seems to lack a system of control and authority.
c. Harrappa lacks a clearly decoded system of written record keeping.
d. Harrappa never evolved beyond the village stage of development.
25. Based on archaeological evidence from early Indian history, historians believe that:
a. Harappa and Mohenjo-daro served as economic and political centers.
b. the Harappan world was one of constant civil war and strife.
c. the Chinese were a constant influence on the economy and politics of the region.
d. there was little true culture in India before the arrival of the Indo-Europeans.
26. The biggest military advantage of the Indo-Europeans was their ______.
27. Which of the following answers reflects the early varna hierarchy from highest to lowest?
a. brahmins, kshatriyas, vaishyas, shudras
b. kshatriyas, brahmins, vaishyas, shudras
c. brahmins, kshatriyas, shudras, vaishyas
d. kshatriyas, vaishyas, brahmins, shudras
28. The most important aspect of the Aryan religion during the early Vedic times was:
a. the proper performance of ritual sacrifices. b. an ethical code of conduct.
c. a tightly-structured monotheism. d. the acceptance of Indra as the redeemer.
29. The Upanishads were:
a. the priestly class from the caste system.
b. a branch of the Indo-Europeans who settled in northern India.
c. commentaries and reflections on the Vedas.
d. warriors recruited from the untouchable class.
30. In Hindu theology the sum total of good and evil is known as ______.
Part B: Interpretation & Analysis
Refer to each document on the given page and answer the corresponding question. (10 points possible)
31. Look at the aerial view of the city of Mohenjo-daro on page 74. What features of the city are most noticeable? What can the remains of a city such as this one tell the modern viewer about the political or social world of its builders?
32. Look at the carving of a mother and child on page 80. What can the carving tell us about the status of women in ancient India? How does the Lawbook of Manu relate to the carving?
33. Look at the statue and carving from Mohenjo-daro on page 75. What can this artwork tell you about the political and social structures of the Harappans? What unique traits of Harappan society can be related to these works of art?
34. Examine the section from the Rig Veda on the division of Purusha (see Textbook: Sources from the Past: The Rig Veda on the Origin of the Castes). What does this tell us about the creation and nature of the different castes? How does the excerpt from the Rig Veda reflect the importance of the caste system in ancient India? How did this original concept change over the centuries?
35. Based on the Mundaka Upanishad (see Textbook: Sources from the Past: The Mundaka Upanishad on the Nature of Brahman), describe Brahman.
Part C-- Essay: Write a 3 to 5 paragraph essay that COMPLETELY answers the question utilizing a comprehensive (include writing points) thesis to focus your writing. (15 points possible)
We will write a comparative essay together in class. The topic you should be prepared for will
concern the urban centers of the ancient world.