Paper Written by
Prof. Mrs. Jayashree Upadhye
Head, Dept of Economics.
Abeda Inamdar Senior College for Girls, Pune.
ABSTRACT
(The paper presented at International Conference at Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathawada University, Aurangabad on 15th and 16th March 2002)
GLOBALIZATION AND AGRICULTURE IN INDIA
This paper attempts to throw light on the basic policy instruments of economic reforms adopted with respect to agriculture and documents some major trends arising out of on going reforms in agrerian economy during post reform period. This paper is modest attempt to consolidate the fragmented research findings and views of different authors on the subject and put them converse way. It does not discuss the issues at length but it touches only few major issues.
The overall impact of reforms on agriculture is mixed one. There are positive impacts of reforms on Indian agriculture like, bringing dynamism and diversity in some sub sectors such as floriculture, horticulture, dairy, food processing etc. But the reforms have not yielded the desired results in agriculture exports and increase in production and productivity. Moreover, the reforms seem to have brought in with them new problems like insecurities in food and seeds, loss of bio- diversity, ecological imbalance and bio-piracy. Therefore, the net outcome of reforms measures in agriculture yet seems intermediate.
Various Issues Of Indian Agriculture Related With Globalisation
1. Self Sufficiency in Production.
2. Changes in cropping pattern.
3. Instability of Prices
4. Eæects on employment in Agriculture.
5. Intellectual Property Right Issues.
6. Research and development.
7. Declininç!snare of public capital formation in Indian agriculture.
8. WTO Oommitments.
9. Agricultural Exports of India
10. Ext}nion system
Conclusion
In connection with the çmobalisation few points ar}&discussed as above. Conidering the impact of globalisation on agricultural sector followinç!priority tasks are identified for the government to help Indian agriculture to adjust çmobalisation.
· Food self-sufficiency at the national level is desirable so that the reliance on trade can be kept within limits.
· Safety nets are needed to protect the interest of crops, people and regions, which are likely to be affected by globalisation.
· Precautions on imports in view of the removal of quantitative restrictions.
· Agricultural export policies to be synchronized with the import policies to avoid price fluctuations. There is a need for sequencing of measures. In view of the removal of quantitative restrictions in the coming days tariffication process needs to be done judiciously.
References :
1. Dr. D. T. Nanje Gouda, (Editors), (Millennium Edition, 2000), “Open Economic Development”, Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai.
2. K. N. Prasad, (1997), “Indian Economy since Independence, A fifty years profile, Volume 2”, National Publishing House, New Delhi.
3. B. S. Hansra, K. Chandrakandan, V. Veerbhadraiah, G. Selvaraj, (1999), (Editors), “Globalising Indian Agriculture: Policies and Strategies”, Classical Publishing Company, New Delhi.
4. K.P. Kalirajan, G. Mythili, U Sankar (Editors) (2001) “Accelerating Growth Through Globalization of Indian Agriculture ”Macmillan India Ltd, New Delhi.
5. R. P. Singh. (Editor) 1998, “Implications Of GATT/WTO On Agriculture and Rural Development”(Proceedings of the Seminar March 14-16, 1996, NIRD, Hyderabad), National Institute Of Rural Development, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad.
6. P. K. Dhar, (2001), “Indian Economy, Its Growing Dimentions ”Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
7. Various articles from various volumes of “Economic Developments in India”& “Indian Economy Since Independence” edited by Mrs. Uma Kapila.
8. Articles from “The Economic Times” “Economic and Political weekly ”and other newspapers, magazines.
9. Articles downloaded from the Internet.