PAST PERFECT and PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Past Perfect
The past perfect is used to refer to an event or situation which took place before another past event.
Tom had interviewed five times before he got his first job.
She had already eaten by the time they arrived.
Past Perfect Continuous:
The past perfect continuous is used to express how long something had been going on before something important happened in the past.
Jane had been studying for four hours when he came home.
Jack had been driving four over six hours when he finally pulled over to have lunch.
Note: You cannot use non-action verbs in past perfect progressive tense.
EXERCISES
http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/StudyZone/410/grammar/pastpf2.htm
http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/pastperfect/menu.php
http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/pastperfectcontinuous/menu.php
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs13.htm
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs14.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/past_perfect_simple_past.htm
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs15.htm
http://www.nonstopenglish.com/exercise.asp?exid=864
http://odl.vwv.at/english/odlres/res8/Grammar/grammar_exercises/tenses/past_perfect/pastperf1.htm
http://odl.vwv.at/english/odlres/res8/Grammar/grammar_exercises/tenses/past_perfect/pastperf2.htm
Posted by EurY at 11:39 PM No comments: Links to this post
Labels: PAST PERFECT and PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
PRESENT PERFECT and PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
EXERCISES
http://www.autoenglish.org/gr.perf.i.htm
http://www.autoenglish.org/tenses/gr.presper.i.htm
http://www.autoenglish.org/gr.since.i.htm
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs8.htm
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs7.htm
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepersim-preperpro/exercises
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepersim-preperpro/exercises?ex03
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepersim-preperpro/exercises?ex04
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepersim-preperpro/exercises?ex06
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepersim-preperpro/exercises?ex08
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepersim-preperpro/exercises?ex10
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepersim-preperpro/tests?test1
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepersim-preperpro/tests?test2
Posted by EurY at 8:58 PM 1 comment: Links to this post
Labels: PRESENT PERFECT and PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Sunday, March 14, 2010
MODALS (Present & Future)
EXERCISES :
http://www.englishpage.com/modals/interactivemodal1.htm
http://www.englishpage.com/modals/interactivemodal2.htm
http://www.englishpage.com/modals/interactivemodal3.htm
http://www.englishpage.com/modals/interactivemodal4.htm
http://www.autoenglish.org/gr.can.i.htm
http://www.autoenglish.org/gr.may.i.htm
http://www.usingenglish.com/quizzes/398.html
Posted by EurY at 9:28 PM 1 comment: Links to this post
Labels: MODAL VERBS (Present - Future)
Friday, March 12, 2010
BE SUPPOSED TO
1- Use am/is/are supposed to when something is planned, arranged, expected or said in the present or future.It can also be used when something is not allowed.
Eg: "I'm going to buy his book. It's suposed to be very good."
" I'm supposed to give a conference in Berlin tomorrow."
" Are you supposed to finish the project today?" Yes I am.
" He is not supposed to be here now"
"You are not supposed to speak Turkish in an English class.
2- Use was /were supposed to when you are expected to do something in the past but could not do it :
Eg: "The exam was supposed to start at 10.00, but the teacher was late."
"They were supposed to call before they go, but they didn't.
EXERCISES
Watch a video on Youtube about be supposed to
http://www.cristinacabal.com/intermediate/besupposedto1.htm
http://www.oup.com/elt/global/products/naturalenglish/upp/a_grammar/unit07/neup_grammar07_exp/
http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/suppose2/exercise1.swf
http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/suppose2/exercise2.swf
http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/suppose2/exercise3.swf
http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/suppose2/exercise4.swf
Posted by EurY at 10:08 PM 1 comment: Links to this post
Labels: BE SUPPOSED TO
PREFER- WOULD PREFER- WOULD RATHER
1- Use 'prefer' to talk generally about likes, dislikes, what we want.
Eg: "I prefer horror films in general."
“He prefers reading books.”
" They prefer to spend their holiday abroad."
2- The expressions 'would prefer' and 'would rather', to be a little more specific or for on the spot decisions.
Eg: “I would prefer to see him in person.”
"I'd prefer living in a city"
Eg: “I would rather go home now.”
3- While making comparison prefer, would prefer – go with 'to'
Eg: "I prefer İzmir to Ankara."
“I prefer living in a city to living in the country.”
“I would (I'd) prefer being alone to being with the wrong person”.
4- While making comparisons, would rather – goes with 'than'
Eg: "I'd rather talk to him in person than call him on the phone.”
5- To ask about general likes and dislikes, use "present simple tense".
Eg: Do you prefer horror films?
Do you prefer traveling alone?
Do you prefer to visit historical places?
6- To ask about specific choices or the things people want at that time use "would"
Eg: "Would you prefer to see a movie or go to a club?"
"Would you rather go shopping with me?"
"“Would you rather stay at a hotel?”
EXERCISES:
http://virtual.yosemite.cc.ca.us/lumanr/904_stuff/Preferences_files/frame.htm
http://www.eoilangreo.net/herminio/online/0809-32.htm
http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-49279.php
Posted by EurY at 9:21 PM 22 comments: Links to this post
Labels: PREFER- WOULD PREFER-WOULD RATHER
Wednesday, February 24, 2010
GERUNDS & INFINITIVES
INFINITIVES (TO + VERB )
1- Infinitives are the "to" form of the verb.
The infinitive form of "learn" is "to learn." You can also use an infinitive as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence.
Examples:
· To learn is important.
· The most important thing is to learn.
· He wants to learn.
2- Infinitives can be made negative by adding "not."
Examples:
· I decided not to go.
· The most important thing is not to give up.
3- Some verbs are followed by infinitives
4- Some verbs are followed by a noun +infinitive.
In some situations, the noun is required. In other situations, the noun is optional.
Examples:
· The police ordered the man to stop. (noun is required)
· She asked to leave. (noun is optional)
· She asked him to leave. (noun is optional)
GERUNDS (VERB+ing)
1-A gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding "-ing"
Reading helps you learn English.
(SUB) (VERB) (OBJECT)
Her favorite hobby is reading.
(SUBJECT) (Verb) (COMPLEMENT)
I enjoy reading.
(S) (V) (O)
2-Gerunds can be made negative by adding "not."
The best thing for your health is not smoking.
He prefers not speaking.
3-In the subject position mostly gerunds are used.
Learning is important.
Dancing is enjoyable.
4- Some verbs are followed by gerunds as objects.
They enjoyed working on the boat.
5- There are many "go + gerund" expressions used for adventure sports and individual recreational activities
I go swimming every weekend.
6- Gerunds are used after prepositions.
He is thinking about studying abroad.
Sandy is scared of flying.
They admitted to committing the crime.
Adjective+preposition+ Gerund
Noun +preposition+Gerund
Verb +Preposition + Gerund
We concentrated on doing well.
7- Gerunds can often be modified with possessive forms such as his, her, its, your, their, our, John's
I enjoyed their singing.
She understood his saying no to the offer.
Sam resented Debbie's coming late to the dinner.
We discussed Mary’s behaving so rude.
GERUND OR INFINITIVE ?
Some verbs can be followed by a gerund or an infinitive, but with a difference in meaning.
EXERCISES
http://www.eflnet.com/grammar/gerinf1.php
http://english-zone.com/grammar/ger-inf01.html
http://a4esl.org/q/f/z/zz97mkm.htm
http://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/gerunds_infinitives_1.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/structures/gerund_prepositions.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/structures/gerund_infinitive.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/structures/gerund_infinitive_verbs.htm
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/infinitive-gerund/exercises?05
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/infinitive-gerund/exercises?07
Posted by EurY at 4:47 PM 44 comments: Links to this post
Labels: GERUNDS-INFINITIVES
Sunday, February 21, 2010
COMPARATIVE & SUPERLATIVE
Form
1. One syllable adjectives: cheap
Comparative: add --er (cheaper) Superlative: add --est (the cheapest)
2. One syllable adjectives ending in 'e': nice
Comparative: add --r (nicer) Superlative: add --st (the nicest)
3. One syllable adjectives ending in consonant - vowel - consonant: hot
Comparative: add consonant + er (hotter)
Superlative: add consonant + est (the hottest)
4. Two syllable adjectives ending in 'y': happy
Comparative: replace y with --ier (happier) Superlative: replace y with --iest (the happiest)
5. Two or more syllable adjectives: beautiful
Comparative: add more / less (more / less beautiful)
Superlative: add the most / the least (the most / least beautiful)
6. Irregular adjectives
good - better - the best
bad - worse - the worst
far - further - the furthest
Functions and examples
1. We use comparatives to compare two things.
John is thinner than Bob.
It's more expensive to travel by train than by bus.
My house is smaller than my friend's house.
2. We use superlatives to compare one thing with the rest of the group it belongs to.
John is the tallest in the class.
He's the best football player in the team.
This is the most expensive hotel I've ever stayed in.
3- We can repeat comparatives to say that something is changing.
These exams are getting worse and worse every year.
She gets more and more beautiful every time I see her.
AS... AS
1- We use as + adjective + as or as + adverb+ as to say that two things are similar in some way.
He's as tall as me. (as+adj+as)
Jim's car is as fast as mine.
He runs as fast as me. (as+adv+as)
She sings as well as her sister.
The little boy speaks English as fluently as his brother.
2- We use not as..as to say that two things are different in some way.
He's not as tall as me. I am taller than him.
Jim's car is not as fast as mine. My car is faster.
She does not sing as well as her sister. Her sister sings better.
The little boy cannot speak English as fluently as his brother. His brother speaks English more fluently.
EXERCISES
http://anthonyhalderman.com/english/compsup.htm
http://www.oup.com/elt/global/products/naturalenglish/pre/a_grammar/unit06/nepre_grammar06_1/
http://ww2.college-em.qc.ca/prof/epritchard/genknof3.htm
http://www.eflnet.com/grammar/compsupadv1.php
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/adjectives-adverbs/adjectives/exercises
http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/regcom1.htm
http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/regcom2.htm
http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/regcom3.htm
http://perso.wanadoo.es/autoenglish/gr.comp.i.htm
Posted by EurY at 12:59 PM 22 comments: Links to this post
Labels: COMPARATIVE-SUPERLATIVE
Tuesday, December 22, 2009
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
AT
We use at with times:
at 5 o’clock - at 11.45 - at midnight - at lunchtime
at night - at Christmas - at the moment / at present - at the same time - at weekends - at the age of...
ON
We use on with dates and days:
on 12 March - on Friday(s) - on Friday morning(s)
Tom usually gets up at 7 o’clock.
on Sunday afternoon(s) - on Saturday night(s)
on Christmas Day (but at Christmas)
IN
We use in for longer periods of time:
in April - in 1986 - in winter - in the 19th century - in the 1970s - in the morning(s) / in the afternoon(s) / in the evening(s)
In + period of time = a time in the future:
Jack will be back in a week.
The train will leave in a few minutes.
In + how long it takes to do something:
I learned to drive in four weeks.
DURING
We use during + noun to say when something happens:
during the film - during our holiday - during the night
I fell asleep during the film.
We met a lot of interesting people during our holiday.
FOR
We use for + a period of time:
for six years - for two hours - for a week
I’ve lived in this house for six years.
They have been watching TV for two hours.
SINCE
We use since + a period of time:
since April - since 1992 - since 8 o’ clock
It has been raining since one o’ clock.
They’ve known each other since they were at school.
UNTIL
We use until/till to say how long a situation continues:
Let’s wait until it stops raining.
I stayed in bed until half past nine.
FROM - TO
We use from - to + beginning and end of a period:
Last evening we watched TV from 5 to 8 o’ clock.
EXERCISES
http://www.english-4u.de/prep_of_time_ex1.htm
http://www.english-4u.de/prep_of_time_ex2.htm
http://www.english-4u.de/prep_of_time_ex3.htm
http://esl.about.com/library/quiz/blgrquiz_prep3.htm
http://www.nonstopenglish.com/exercise.asp?exid=919