Mudule №5. Biochemistry of tissues and physiological functions

Test questions in text form

1.  ‘Burning foot syndrome’ has been described to the deficiency of:

A.  * Pantothenic acid

B.  Thiamin

C.  Cobalamin

D.  Pyridoxine

  1. Ascorbic acid

2.  A deficiency of vitamin B12 causes

  1. Beri-Beri
  2. Scurvy
  3. * Perniciuos anemia
  4. Ricket
  5. Pellagra
  6. A molecule of CO2 is captured by biotin when it acts as coenzyme for carboxylation reaction. The carboxyl group is covalently attached to

A.  * A nitrogen (N1) of the biotin molecule

  1. Sulphur of thiophene ring

C.  Alfa-Amino group of lysine

D.  Alfa-Amino group of protein

  1. All of these

4.  A provitamin D synthesized in human beings is

  1. Ergosterol
  2. * 7-Dehydrocholesterol
  3. Cholecalciferol
  4. 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol
  5. All of these

5.  A vitamin which can be synthesized by human beings is:

  1. Thiamin
  2. * Niacin
  3. Folic acid
  4. Cyanocobalamin
  5. Both B and C

6.  An important function of vitamin A is

A.  To act as coenzyme for a few enzymes

B.  To play an integral role in protein synthesis

  1. To prevent hemorrhages

D.  * To maintain the integrity of epithelial tissue

  1. A and C only

7.  Anti-egg white injury factor is:

  1. Pyridoxine
  2. * Biotin
  3. Thiamin
  4. Liponic acid
  5. All of these
  6. Ascorbic acid can reduce
  7. 2, 6-Dibromobenzene
  8. 2, 6-Diiodoxypyridine
  9. * 2, 6-Dichlorophenol indophenol
  10. 2, 4-Dinitrobenzene
  11. All of the above

9.  Ascorbic acid is required to synthesise all of the following except:

  1. Collagen
  2. Bile acids
  3. * Bile pigments
  4. Epinephrine
  5. Both B and C

10.  Biotin is a coenzyme for:

  1. Pyruvate carboxylase
  2. Acetyl CoA carboxylase
  3. Propionyl CoA carboxylase
  4. * All of these
  5. None of these

11.  Biotin is a coenzyme of the enzyme:

  1. * Carboxylase
  2. Hydroxylase
  3. Decarboxylase
  4. Deaminase
  5. Dehydrogenase

12.  Biotin is required as a coenzyme by:

  1. Anaerobic dehydrogenases
  2. Decarboxylases
  3. Aerobic dehydrogenases
  4. * Carboxylases
  5. All of these
  6. Chemically, lipoic acid is:
  7. Saturated fatty acid
  8. Unsaturated fatty acid
  9. Amino acid
  10. * Sulphur containing fatty acid
  11. Keto acid

14.  Coenzyme A contains a nitrogenous base which is:

  1. * Adenine
  2. Guanine
  3. Choline
  4. Ethanolamine
  5. Tymine

15.  Conversion of all-trans-retinal into all-trans-retinol requires:

  1. NAD
  2. NADH
  3. NADP
  4. * NADPH
  5. FAD

16.  Conversion of folate into tetrahydrofolate requires:

  1. NADH
  2. * NADPH
  3. FMNH2
  4. FADH2
  5. TPP

17.  Conversion of retinal into retinol requires the presence of:

  1. PLP
  2. * NADPH
  3. FADH2
  4. Lipoic acid
  5. Both B and C
  6. Daily requirement of niacin is
  7. 5 mg
  8. 10 mg
  9. * 20 mg
  10. 35 mg
  11. 20 g

19.  Daily requirement of vitamin C in adults is about:

  1. 100 mg
  2. 25 mg
  3. * 70 mg
  4. 100 mg
  5. 70 g
  6. Deficiency of Vitamin A causes
  7. * Xeropthalmia
  8. Hypoprothrombinemia
  9. Megaloblastic anemia
  10. Pernicious anemia
  11. Beri-Beri

21.  Deficiency of vitamin B12 can occur because of:

  1. Decreased intake of vitamin B12
  2. Atrophy of gastric mucosa
  3. Intestinal malabsorption
  4. * All of these
  5. None of these

22.  Deficiency of vitamin C causes:

  1. Beriberi
  2. Pellagra
  3. Pernicious anaemia
  4. * Scurvy
  5. Both A and D
  6. Deficiency of vitamin D causes
  7. * Rickets and osteomalacia
  8. Tuberculosis of bone
  9. Hypothyroidism
  10. Skin cancer
  11. Cretinism
  12. Ergosterol is found in
  13. Animals
  14. * Plants
  15. Bacteria
  16. All of these
  17. Both A and B
  18. FAD is a coenzyme for
  19. Succinate dehydrogenase
  20. Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
  21. Sphingosine reductase
  22. * All of these
  23. None of these
  24. Fat soluble vitamins are
  25. Soluble in alcohol
  26. one or more Propene units
  27. Stored in liver
  28. * Cause hypervitaminosis
  29. All these
  30. Folic acid contains:
  31. Pteridine
  32. p-Amino benzoic acid
  33. Glutamic acid
  34. * All of these
  35. None of these
  36. Function of Vitamin A:
  37. Healing epithelial tissues
  38. Protein synthesis regulation
  39. Cell growth
  40. * All of these
  41. None of these

29.  In the body 1 mg of niacin can be produced from:

  1. 60 mg of pyridoxine
  2. * 60 mg of tryptophan
  3. 30 mg of tryptophan
  4. 30 mg of pantothenic acid
  5. 60 g of tryptophan

30.  Intrinsic factor is chemically a:

  1. Protein
  2. * Glycoprotein
  3. Mucopolysaccaride
  4. Peptide
  5. Amino acid

31.  Lipoic acid is a conenzyme for:

  1. Pyruvate dehydrogenase
  2. Alfa-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
  3. * Both (A) and (B)
  4. Glutamate dehydrogenase
  5. None of these

32.  Methylcobalamin is required for formation of

  1. Serin from glycine
  2. Glycine from serine
  3. * Methionine from homocysteine
  4. All of these
  5. Both (B) and (C)

33.  NAD is required as a coenzyme for

  1. * Malate dehydrogenase
  2. Succinate dehydrogenase
  3. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
  4. HMG CoA reductae

34.  Niacin can be synthesised in human beings from

  1. Histidine
  2. Phenylalanine
  3. Tyrosine
  4. * Tryptophan
  5. Both (A) and (C)
  6. Niacin contains a
  7. Sulphydryl group
  8. * Carboxyl group
  9. Amide group
  10. All of these
  11. None of these
  12. Niacin deficiency can occur in
  13. * Hartnup disease
  14. Phenylketonuria
  15. Alkaptonuria
  16. None of these
  17. Both (A) and (C)

37.  Niacin deficiency is common in people whose staple food is

  1. Wheat
  2. Polished rice
  3. * Maize and /or sorghum
  4. None of these
  5. Both (A) and (C)

38.  Niacin is present in maize in the form of:

  1. Niatin
  2. Nicotin
  3. * Niacytin
  4. Nicyn
  5. None of these

39.  Niacin is synthesized in the body from:

  1. * Tryptophan
  2. Tyrosine
  3. Glutamate
  4. Aspartate
  5. None of the above

40.  Niacin or nicotinic acid is a monocarboxylic acid derivative of:

  1. * Pyridine
  2. Pyrimidine
  3. Flavin
  4. Adenine
  5. A and B

41.  On exposure to light rhodopsin forms

  1. * All trans-retinal
  2. Cis-retinal
  3. Retinol
  4. Retinoic acid
  5. All of the above

42.  One international unit (I.U) of vitamin D is defined as the biological activity of

  1. * 0.025 µg of cholecalciferol
  2. 0.025 µg of 7-dehydrocholecalciferol
  3. 0.025 µg of ergosterol
  4. 0.025 µg of ergocalciferol

43.  Pantothenic acid contains an amino acid which is:

  1. Aspartic acid
  2. Glutamic acid
  3. * Alanine
  4. Alfa-Aminoisobutyric acid
  5. None of these

44.  Pellagra is caused due to the deficiency of:

  1. Ascorbic acid
  2. Pantothenic acid
  3. Pyridoxine
  4. * Niacin
  5. C and D

45.  Pellagra occurs in population dependent on:

  1. Wheat
  2. Rice
  3. * Maize
  4. Milk
  5. B and C
  6. Pellagra preventing factor is
  7. Thiamin
  8. Riboflavin
  9. * Niacin
  10. Pyridoxine
  11. Both (A) and (C)

47.  Precursor of Vitamin A is:

  1. ?-Carotene
  2. ?-Carotene
  3. ?-Carotene
  4. * All of these
  5. Both A and B

48.  Preformed Vitamin A is supplied by Milk, fat and liver

  1. * All yellow vegetables
  2. All yellow fruits
  3. Leafy green vegetables
  4. All of the above
  5. Provitamin D3 is
  6. Cholecalciferol
  7. Ergosterol
  8. * 7-Dehydrocholesterol
  9. Ergocaliferol
  10. All of these
  11. Provitamins A include
  12. Retinal
  13. Retionic acid
  14. * Carotenes
  15. Both B and C
  16. All of these

51.  Pyridoxal phosphate is a coenzyme for

  1. Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase
  2. Glutamate pyruvate transaminase
  3. Tyrosine transaminase
  4. * All of these
  5. None of these

52.  Pyridoxal phosphate is required as a coenzyme in

  1. Transamination
  2. Transulphuration
  3. Desulphydration
  4. * All of these
  5. Dehydrogenation

53.  Pyridoxine deficiency can be diagnosed by measuring urinary excretion of

  1. Pyruvic acid
  2. Oxaloacetic acid
  3. * Xanthurenic acid
  4. None of these
  5. All of these

54.  Pyridoxine requirement depends upon the intake of

  1. Carbohydrates
  2. * Proteins
  3. Fats
  4. All of these
  5. None of these

55.  Retinoic acid participates in the synthesis of

  1. Iodopsin
  2. Rhodopsin
  3. * Glycoprotein
  4. Cardiolipin

56.  Retinol and retinal are interconverted requiring dehydrogenase or reductase in the presence of

  1. * NAD or NADP
  2. NADH + H+
  3. NADPH
  4. FAD
  5. PLP

57.  Retinol isomerase is present in:

  1. Retina
  2. * Liver
  3. Both (A) and (B)
  4. Cornea
  5. None of these
  6. Rhodopsin contains opsin and:
  7. * 11-cis-retinal
  8. 11-trans-retinal
  9. All-cis-retinal
  10. All trans-retinal
  11. All of these
  12. Riboflavin deficiency can cause
  13. Peripheral neuritis
  14. Diarrhoea
  15. * Angular stomatitis
  16. None of these
  17. Both (A) and (C)
  18. Riboflavin deficiency symptoms are:
  19. Glossitis
  20. Stomatis
  21. Vomitting
  22. * Both (A) and (B)
  23. Diarrea
  24. Riboflavin is heat stable in
  25. Acidic medium
  26. Alkaline medium
  27. Neutral medium
  28. * Both (A) and (C)
  29. Both (B) and (C)

62.  Scurvy is caused due to the deficiency of

  1. Vitamin A
  2. Vitamin D
  3. Vitamin K
  4. * Vitamin C
  5. B and D only
  6. Sterilised milk lacks in
  7. Vitamin A
  8. Vitamin D
  9. * Vitamin C
  10. Thiamin
  11. All of the above

64.  Sulphydryl group of coenzyme a is contributed by:

  1. Alanine
  2. ?-Aminoisobutyric acid
  3. Methionine
  4. * Thioethanolamine
  5. Both (A) and (D)

65.  The central heavy metal cobalt of vitamin B12 is coordinately bound to

  1. * Cyanide group
  2. Amino group
  3. Carboxyl group
  4. Sulphide group
  5. Hydroxyl group

66.  The enzymes with which nicotinamide act as coenzyme are:

  1. * Dehydrogenases
  2. Transaminases
  3. Decarboxylases
  4. Carboxylases
  5. A and B

67.  The following is required for the formation of coenyzme A:

  1. * ATP
  2. GTP
  3. CTP
  4. None of these
  5. AMP

68.  The most important natural antioxidant is

  1. Vitamin D
  2. * Vitamin E
  3. Vitamin B12
  4. Vitamin K
  5. All of these

69.  The most potent Vitamin D metabolite is

  1. 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol
  2. * 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol
  3. 24, 25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol
  4. 7-Dehydrocholesterol
  5. All of these

70.  The pellagra preventive factor is:

  1. Riboflavin
  2. Pantothenic acid
  3. * Niacin
  4. Pyridoxine
  5. Ascorbic acid

71.  The requirement of vitamin E is increased with greater intake of

  1. Carbohydrates
  2. Proteins
  3. * Polyunsaturated fat
  4. Saturated fat
  5. A and B

72.  The vitamin having the highest daily requirement among the following is:

  1. Thiamin
  2. Ribovflavin
  3. Pyridoxine
  4. * Ascorbic acid
  5. Both A and D
  6. Tocopherols prevent the oxidation of
  7. * Vitamin A
  8. Vitamin D
  9. Vitamin K
  10. Vitamin C
  11. A and B

74.  Two molecules of vitamin A can be formed from 1 molecule of:

  1. ?-Carotene
  2. * ?-Carotene
  3. ?-Carotene
  4. Both A and B
  5. All of these

75.  Vitamin A is stored in the body in:

  1. * Liver
  2. Adipose tissue
  3. Reticuloendothelial cells
  4. Both A and B
  5. All of these

76.  Vitamin B12 is synthesized by:

  1. * Bacteria only
  2. Plants only
  3. Animals only
  4. Both (A) and (C)
  5. All of the above

77.  Vitamin B12 is transported in blood by:

  1. Albumin
  2. Transcortin
  3. Transcobalamin I
  4. * Transcobalamin II
  5. All of these
  6. Vitamin B12 is:
  7. Not stored in the body
  8. Stored in bone marrow
  9. * Stored in liver
  10. Stored in RE cells
  11. All of these

79.  Vitamin C activity is present in:

  1. D-Ascorbic acid
  2. D-Dehydroascorbic acid
  3. * L-Ascorbic acid
  4. Both A and B
  5. Both B and C

80.  Vitamin C enhances the intestinal absorption of:

  1. Potassium
  2. Iodine
  3. * Iron
  4. Calcium
  5. None of these

81.  Vitamin C is required for the synthesis of:

  1. * Bile acids from cholesterol
  2. Bile salts from bile acids
  3. Vitamin D from cholesterol
  4. All of these
  5. None of these

82.  Vitamin E reduces the requirement of

  1. Iron
  2. Zinc
  3. * Selenium
  4. Magnesium
  5. Sodium

83.  Vitamin required for the conversion of hydroxyphenylpyruvate to homogentisate is

  1. Folacin
  2. Cobalamin
  3. Ascorbic acid
  4. * Niacin
  5. Cholecalciferol

84.  Vitamin required in conversion of folic acid to folinic acid is

  1. Biotin
  2. Cobalamin
  3. * Ascorbic acid
  4. Niacin
  5. Cholecalciferol
  6. 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol promotes absorption of:
  7. P
  8. Cu
  9. Zn
  10. Na
  11. * Ca
  12. 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol promotes absorption of:
  13. P
  14. Cu
  15. Zn
  16. Na
  17. * Ca

87.  A cofactor required in oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate is

  1. * Lipoate
  2. Pantothenic acid
  3. Biotin
  4. Para aminobenzoic acid
  5. PLP

88.  A lot of biochemical functions of water soluble vitamins are related to their ability to transform in cells in the proper coenzymes. Which from the below mentioned vitamins is needed for formation of FMN and FAD?

  1. Vitamin B6
  2. Vitamin B1
  3. Vitamin B5
  4. Vitamin B3
  5. * Vitamin B2

89.  A poor source of Vitamin D is

  1. Egg
  2. Butter
  3. * Milk
  4. Liver
  5. All of these

90.  Absorption of Vitamin B12 requires the presence of:

  1. Pepsin
  2. Hydrochloric acid
  3. Intrinsic factor
  4. * Boh (B) and (C)
  5. Rennin

91.  Absorption of vitamins depends on some factors. Which compound does prevent absorption of biotin?

  1. * Avidine
  2. Albumin
  3. Globulin
  4. Transferrin
  5. Ferritin

92.  Active coenzyme forms of vitamin B5:

  1. FAD and FMN
  2. Pyridoxal phosphate
  3. * NAD and NADP
  4. Pyridoxamine
  5. Coenzyme A

93.  Anaemia can occur due to the deficiency of all the following except:

  1. * Thiamin
  2. Pyridoxine
  3. Folic acid
  4. Cyanocobalamin
  5. Both A and B
  6. Analog of vitamin K:
  7. * Dicumarol
  8. Prothrombin
  9. Fibrinogen
  10. Proconvertin
  11. Hesperedin

95.  Ascorbic acid is especially abundant in:

  1. * Citrus fruits;
  2. White bread;
  3. Rice;
  4. Yeast.
  5. Plant oils

96.  At the tissue respiration the primary acceptor of hydrogen is pyridine dependent dehydrogenase. Which from the below mentioned vitamins is needed for the coenzyme NAD+?

  1. * Vitamin PP
  2. Vitamin C
  3. Vitamin B1
  4. Vitamin B2
  5. Vitamin B3

97.  Below named are the main clinical symptoms of scurvy, except:

  1. Gums bleeding
  2. Pain in heart
  3. Tachycardia
  4. * Xeroftalmia
  5. Petechias
  6. Calcitriol synthesis involves
  7. * Both liver and kidney
  8. Intestine
  9. Adipose tissue
  10. Muscle
  11. Liver

99.  Chemically, Extrinsic Factor of Castle is a:

  1. Mucoprotein
  2. Glycoprotein
  3. Mucopolysaccharide
  4. * Cyanocobalamin
  5. Peptide

100.  ? Choose correct answer according to concept of “vitamins”:

A.  Are inorganic substances that function in living cells in trace amounts and are vital for many forms of life

B.  * Are organic substances that function in living cells in trace amounts and are vital for many forms of life

C.  Are organic substances that function only in liver in trace amounts

D.  Are inorganic substances that must acquire from endogenous sources

  1. All answers correct

101.  Choose physiological name of vitamin B2:

  1. Antianemic
  2. Antineuritic
  3. Antipellagric
  4. Antiscurvy
  5. * Growth factor

102.  Choose the active form of vitamin D, which has characteristics of hormone?

  1. 7-dehydrocholesterol
  2. * 1,25-dihydrocholecalciferol
  3. 25- hydroxycholecalciferol
  4. Ergocalciferol
  5. Cholecalciferol

103.  Choose the chemical nature of vitamin B5:

  1. Amino acid
  2. * Nicotinic acid
  3. Pantothenic acid
  4. Ascorbic acid
  5. Citric acid

104.  Clinical manifestation of riboflavin deficiency are all, except:

  1. Growth inhibition
  2. Loss of hair
  3. Inflammatory processes of lips
  4. * Defect of nervous system
  5. Keratitis

105.  Consumption of raw eggs can cause deficiency of

  1. * Biotin
  2. Pantothenic acid
  3. Riboflavin
  4. Thiamin
  5. Ascorbic acid

106.  Corneal vascularisation is found in deficiency of the vitamin:

  1. B1
  2. * B2
  3. B3
  4. B6
  5. D
  6. Day necessity of thiamin:
  7. 10-15 mg
  8. 1-2 g/l
  9. * 2-3 mg
  10. 16-25 mg
  11. 10-15 g

108.  Day's necessity of vitamin D for children:

  1. 2-3 mg
  2. 2-3 µg
  3. С. 70-100 mg
  4. * 10-15 µg
  5. Е. 10-12 g

109.  Deficiency of vitamin B6 may occur in

  1. Obese person
  2. Thin person
  3. * Alcoholics
  4. Diabetics
  5. All of these

110.  Differences of water-soluble vitamins from fat-soluble vitamins are all, except:

  1. * Are included into coenzymes
  2. Don't have provitamins

C.  Are not included into the membranes

D.  Hypervitaminoses are not peculiar for them

  1. Usually have provitamins

111.  Early symptoms of vitamin A deficiency:

  1. Muscle dystrophy
  2. Lungs inflammation
  3. Liver cancer
  4. * Xerophthalmia ("dry eyes")
  5. Petechias

112.  Epileptiform convulsion in human infants have been attributed to the deficiency of the vitamin: