UNIT III:
IMPERIALISM
(OVERSEAS EXPANSION)
NAME: ______
IMPERIALISM VOCABULARY
1.) IMPERIALISM: When a stronger country takes over a weaker country for resources & power
2.) FOREIGN POLICY: a nation’s plan of dealing with other countries
3.) ISOLATIONISM: foreign policy in which a country has little to do with foreign nations
4.) FAREWELL ADDRESS (1796): When George Washington left office he encouraged Americans to stay neutral in dealing with foreign affairs.
5.) MONROE DOCTRINE: warned European nations to stay out of the Western Hemisphere
6.) OPEN DOOR POLICY (1899) – policy toward China that allowed a nation to trade in any other nation’s sphere of influence - open trade with China
7.) ROOSEVELT COROLLARY (BIG STICK POLICY): claimed the right of the US to intervene in Latin America as an international police power to keep law and order
8.) DOLLAR DIPLOMACY: Taft’s policy encouraging Americans to invest money in Latin America
9.) LATIN AMERICA: Mexico, Central & South America, & the West Indies (Caribbean)
10.) YELLOW PRESS (YELLOW JOURNALISM): sensational style of reporting used by newspapers in the late 1800’s that exaggerated new stories to sell more papers. There was little factual information. It was used to write stories about the USS Maine explosion.
11.) USS MAINE: American ship sent to Havana, Cuba to protect Cubans from the Spanish
12.) ROUGH RIDERS: Teddy Roosevelt’s volunteer soldiers in the Spanish American War
13.) SOVEREIGN: having independent political power – the right to rule your own country
14.) PANAMA CANAL: canal that links the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
15.) SPHERE OF INFLUENCE: area in China where a foreign nation had special trade privileges
16.) BOXER REBELLION: 1899 a group of Chinese called the Righteous Fists of Harmony or Boxers wanted to rid China of foreigners; they attacked foreigners, but their rebellion was quickly crushed by international forces
17.) SEWARD’S FOLLY: William Seward (Secretary of State) bought Alaska from Russia. People thought that Alaska was barren land full of ice, but was really rich in natural resources
18.) ANNEX: to add on (ex. Hawaii)
WWI VOCABULARY
19.) NATIONALISM – strong sense of pride in your country
20.) DICTATOR – a person who has complete power over their country and often rule with terror
21.) COMMUNISM - A system of government in which the government controls the economy and a dictator has complete power.
22.) NEUTRALITY – being neutral – not choosing sides in a war
23.) FOURTEEN POINTS – Pres. Wilson’s goals for peace after WWI and how to prevent future wars
24.) LEAGUE OF NATIONS – a peace-keeping organization proposed by Wilson in his 14 Points. It was extremely weak and fell apart at the beginning of WWII. The US never joined since the US never signed the Treaty of Versailles.
25.) TREATY OF VERSAILLES – treaty that ended WWI. It punished Germany severely for WWI and made them take full blame for the war. It was one of the causes of WWII.
By 1890 the U.S. was completely settled. The belief in ______still existed & many Americans still wanted to expand.
PRO-IMPERIALIST (PRO-EXPANSIONIST):
ANTI- IMPERIALIST (ANTI-EXPANSIONIST):
Document 1:
1) Who is the large man in the shop?
______
2) Why is this man getting measured?
______
3) What is on his pants?
______
4) Who are the men standing at the door?
______
5) What does this cartoon show about America at this time?
______
The U.S. developed many different ______(plans of dealing with other countries) during this time. Use textbook to fill out the chart.
NAME OFTHE POLICY / DESCRIBE
THE
POLICY / WHY WAS THIS POLICY ISSUED? / WHAT COUNTRY WAS INVOLVED? / YEAR IT WAS ISSUED
Isolationism
(Farwell Address)
(p. 641)
Monroe Doctrine
(p. 330-331)
Imperialism
(p. 640)
Open Door Policy
(p. 644)
Roosevelt Corollary (Big Stick Policy)
(p. 657)
Dollar Diplomacy
(p. 658)
Label the map below, based on p. 662 in your textbook.
SPANISH AMERICAN WAR
CAUSES:
Spain violated the ______by invading Cuba and colonizing. The U.S. government was not happy. They turned to William Randolph Hearst owner of The New York Journal and asked him to document what was going on there. He sent an artist and a writer. They reported that it was peaceful, and there would be no war and asked if he could come home. Hearst responded with:
"Please remain. You furnish the pictures and I'll furnish the war."
What did this mean?
Hearst published in his paper that the Cubans were being horribly mistreated in Cuba by the ______. The articles about this were written in a ______manner, appealing to peoples’ senses. This type of journalism which appeals to readers’ emotions, exaggerates event and motivates readers to want to do something to help, is known as ______.
It worked. Americans were outraged and wanted to send battle ships in. The ______was sent to Havana, Cuba to keep control and while there it was ______. When Hearst reported the bombing, the headline read:
“Remember the Maine”
This was the battle cry that Americans echoed and supported the war.
Immediately the U.S. blamed ______and war was declared.
The war lasted approximately 6 months.
During the war, a strong attack was led by ______and his men called the ______. They stormed San Juan Hill in Puerto Rico and easily beat Spain and took control of Puerto Rico. This was a monumental success in the war and the U.S. knew they had won.
EFFECTS:
Cuba becomes ______and the U.S. gains territory.
For the graphic organizer below, fill in the blanks based upon your notes.
Document 2:
1) Who does the ape represent?
______
2) Who has been killed?
______
3) What is the message of this cartoon?
______
4) What is this cartoon an example of? ______
5) How did this impact the American public and what were the outcomes?
______
Document 3:
1) What is the title of this cartoon?
______
2) Who is the tall man in the center of the cartoon?
______
3) Who are the people on your right of the cartoon?
______
4) Who are the people on your left of the cartoon?
______
5) How is the U.S. perceived in the world?
______
OPEN DOOR POLICY:
The U.S. wanted to be able to trade with countries in ______because of the great resources available there. However, many countries made claims to territory in different parts of ______. These claims to territory became known as ______.
The ______led by a group known as ______was a Chinese rebellion from November 1899 to September 7, 1901, against foreign influence in the ______in areas such as trade, politics, religion and technology that occurred in China.
Document 4:
Because of these Sphere’s of Influence, the U.S. was unable to trade with China. The U.S. developed a policy called ______which stated that any country could trade in any other country’s ______. It was approved and free-trade opened up in China.
During this time period, the U.S. ______or added on a lot of new territories. These territories were useful for many different reasons.
LAND ACQUIRED BY THE U.S. FROM 1867-1903
TERRITORY / WHEN / HOW / EFFECTALASKA
(p. 641)
HAWAII
(p. 642)
PUERTO
RICO
(p. 651)
PHILIPPINES
(p. 650)
PANAMA
CANAL ZONE
(p. 654)
How much influence did the US have on world affairs after these acquisitions?
Document 5:
1) Who is the man in this cartoon?
______
2) What is he doing?
______
3) What is the message of this cartoon?
______
Use p. A5 in the beginning of your textbook to label the territories on the land acquisition chart. Label the Panama Canal Zone on your Latin America map.
WWI
1914-1918
“THE GREAT WAR”, “THE WAR TO END ALL WARS”
CAUSES OF WWI:
POWDER KEG (1914)
The U.S. wanted to remain ______at the beginning of WWI. Businesses were making so much money off of ______with foreign nations. The U.S. was trading with both sides of the war and making tons of money. Both the ______and the ______wanted the U.S. to choose sides. War was very good business, and the U.S. did not want to choose sides and lose out on any of the money. However, the U.S. could not stay neutral forever.
REASON FOR U.S. ENTRY (1917):
AS A RESULT OF THESE 4, THE U.S. GETS
“PULZ”ED INTO WWI!
Document 6:
http://rutlandhs.k12.vt.us/jpeterso/MOREWW1/ZMMRMN.JPG
1) What is the source of this cartoon? ______
2) What is the title? ______
3) What is the caption? ______
4) Who does the man on the left represent? ______
5) Who does the man on the right represent? ______
6) What is the message of this cartoon? ______
______
THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION:
In February of 1917, Russia underwent a revolution. The Tsar, Nicholas II was overthrown and a temporary democratic government was put in place. Woodrow Wilson was willing to ally with a Democratic nation. The U.S. entered WWI on April 6th and in October, a second revolution began in Russia. This revolution, led by Vladimir Lenin leader of the Bolshevik party, resulted in the set-up of a Communist government in Russia. Under the Communist government, the name of the country was changed to U.S.S.R. (Union of Soviet Socialist Republic) or the Soviet Union.
AS A RESULT, THE U.S.S.R. DROPS OUT OF WWI.
THE NEW ALLIANCES
ALLIED POWERS CENTRAL POWERS
CAPITALISM VS. COMMUNISM
1. What is capitalism?
______
2. What is communism?
______
3. Finish the chart below:
CAPITALISM / COMMUNISMWHO HAS CONTROL OVER INDUSTRY?
HOW IS WEALTH DISTRIBUTED AMONG THE CITIZENS?
WHAT COUNTRIES HAVE THIS TYPE OF ECONOMIC SYSTEM?
IS THIS ECONOMIC SYSTEM REALISTIC TO HAVE? WHY OR WHY NOT?
Why is the US so against Communism?
Many things changed in the U.S., also known as the ______during WWI. ______were needed in factories and took the jobs of the men who had left for war. ______were still fighting for better conditions and hours. The ______started telling factories what to produce. Factories that made dresses and suits, now were manufacturing military uniforms, blankets, and tents. Factories that made cars were now building tanks and planes. Factories that produced cookware were now producing bullets.
Everyone did their part to support the troops at war. Also, the ______was passed on May 18, 1917, which required all men between ages 21-30 to register to be drafted in the armed forces. This was the first draft in American history.
WWI WEBQUEST
ASSIGNMENT 1:
WWI completely changed the way war was fought in several ways. Please click on the links below and answer the questions in your packet.
Historian Paul Fussell on trenches: http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/historian/hist_fussell_03_trenches.html
New technology: http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/year9links/wwi/wwiweapons.pdf
Historian Paul Fussell on trenches
1. What were the trenches like? Give details and examples.
2. How was trench warfare fought?
3. More men died of flu than bullets or shell fragments during the war. Why?
New technology
Pick three of the new technologies found on this page and fill out the chart below about the new weapons of WWI:
Name of the new technology / How did this change the way war was fought?ASSIGNMENT 2:
The US did not enter the war lightly. The US remained neutral for three years before they were finally pulled into the war. WWI included some of the bloodiest and most horrific fighting the world had ever seen. Please click on the links below to find out more about the war and answer the questions in your packet.
Edwin Vaughn's Diary: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/special_report/1998/10/98/world_war_i/211777.stm
Fourteen Points: http://www.oldmagazinearticles.com/pdf/14.pdf
Edwin Vaughn’s Diary
Summarize the story of Edwin Vaughn in two paragraphs. The first paragraph will be about his experience in Ypres Salient and the second about the German Block-houses.
Fourteen Points
President Wilson came up with a plan for peace at the end of WWI in which no country would be blamed for the war. It was called the ______. Using the link, please explain the following points.
2)
3)
4)
5)
14)
THE ______WAS PASSED WHICH INCLUDED ONLY THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS FROM WILSON’S PLAN. THE U.S. REJECTED THE TREATY AND TURNED BACK TO A POLICY OF
______!
Please read the poem below and answer the questions that follow: (Not part of the webquest)
In Flanders Fields
By: Lieutenant Colonel John McCrae, MD (1872-1918)
IN FLANDERS FIELDS the poppies blow
Between the crosses row on row,
That mark our place; and in the sky
The larks, still bravely singing, fly
Scarce heard amid the guns below.
We are the Dead. Short days ago
We lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow,
Loved and were loved, and now we lie
In Flanders fields.
Take up our quarrel with the foe:
To you from failing hands we throw
The torch; be yours to hold it high.
If ye break faith with us who die
We shall not sleep, though poppies grow
In Flanders fields.
1.) Who is the speaker in this poem?
2.) What does the speaker want his listeners to do?
EFFECTS OF WWI:
TREATY OF VERSAILLES
Punished ______severely by
· Blamed them for the war
· Took away ______
· Limited ______size
· Forced them to pay war ______
COSTS OF WAR:
HUMAN COSTS:
Total Killed & Prisoners Total Casualties %
Mobilized Died Wounded Missing Casualties of Mobilized
Allied PowersRussia / 12,000,000 / 1,700,000 / 4,950,000 / 2,500,000 / 9,150,000 / 76.3
France / 8,410,000 / 1,357,800 / 4,266,000 / 537,000 / 6,160,800 / 76.3
British Empire / 8,904,467 / 908,371 / 2,090,212 / 191,652 / 3,190,235 / 35.8
United States / 4,355,000 / 126,000 / 234,300 / 4,500 / 364,800 / 8.2
Central Powers
Germany / 11,000,000 / 1,773,700 / 4,216,058 / 1,152,800 / 7,142,558 / 64.9
Austria-Hungary / 7,800,000 / 1,200,000 / 3,620,000 / 2,200,000 / 7,020,000 / 90.0
1) Who had the most casualties? Why?
2) Who had the least casualties? Why?
FINANCIAL COSTS:
Allied Powers / Cost in Dollars in 1914-18United States / 22,625,253,000
Great Britain / 35,334,012,000
France / 24,265,583,000
Russia / 22,293,950,000
Central Powers / Cost in Dollars in 1914-18
Germany / 37,775,000,000
Austria-Hungary / 20,622,960,000
1) Who paid the most? Why?