Classwork/Homework: CA and SC Practice

Classwork/Homework: CA and SC Practice

SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

DIRECTIONS: Read these sentences for meaning. Then, fill in the subordinating conjunction that best expresses the relationship between the two ideas. Label the relationship.

1. _________________________ you are like most people, you resist admitting mistakes or hurtful actions. Relationship: _______________________________

2. _________________________ it is commonly thought that apologizing shows weakness, an apology actually requires great strength. Relationship: _______________________________

3. A genuine apology is a powerful tool __________________ it can repair damaged relationships, heal humiliation, and encourage forgiveness. Relationship: _______________________________

4. _______________________ we learn to apologize sincerely, psychologists say, we can prevent grudges, revenge, and a lot of pain. Relationship: _______________________________

5. _______________________ you apologize to someone, remember the key ingredients of a successful apology. Relationship: _______________________________

6. _______________________ you have hurt someone’s feelings or betrayed that person, you must first admit your wrongdoing. Relationship: _______________________________

7. Specifically, describe what you did _________________________ you reveal an understanding of your offense and its impact. Relationship: _______________________________

DIRECTIONS: [Bracket] and label the DC and IC in each sentence. Highlight the SC. If a sentence is punctuated correctly, write C in the blank. If it is not, punctuate it correctly by adding or deleting a comma.

8. _____While it has many advantages fast food also presents some health hazards.

9. _____Although the industry is booming many people are worried about the amount of fat in fast foods.

10. _____Whereas some nutritionists recommend eating only thirty-five grams of fat a day you often eat more than that in just one fast-food meal.

11. _____If you order a Burger King Double Whopper with cheese you take in a whopping sixty-three grams of fat.

12. _____That goes up to sixty-seven fat grams whenever you devour a McDonald’s Big Mac, large fries, and a chocolate shake.

13. _____Now, some fast-food restaurants are claiming to serve low-fat items so that they can attract health-conscious customers.

DIRECTIONS: [Bracket] and label the DC and IC in each sentence. Correctly combine each pair of ideas in two ways using the best SC: with the subordinating conjunction at the beginning of the sentence and with the subordinating conjunction in the middle. Insert and circle punctuation marks where needed.

14. _______________ young couples in India marry the ceremony may last for days.

The ceremony may last for days ____________________ young couples in India marry.

15. __________________ the wedding takes place at the bride’s home everyone travels to the groom’s home for more celebrating.

Everyone travels to the groom’s home for more celebrating _______________________ the wedding takes place at the bride’s home.

16. Ducks are often included in Korean wedding processions ___________________ they mate for life.

___________________________ they mate for life ducks are often included in Korean wedding processions.

17. _________________________ the food was exchanged the bride and groom were considered married.

The bride and groom were considered married _________________________ the food was exchanged.

DIRECTIONS: Write your own sentences. Bracket and label your DC and IC. Punctuate correctly.

18. ___________________________________________________________________________because________________________________________________________________________________________

19. Although _____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

20. ________________________________________________________________________whenever__________________________________________________________________________________________

21. Unless _______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

DIRECTIONS: Highlight the conjunctive adverb and circle the punctuation in each sentence.

22. For centuries, humans have tried to understand why we dream. Consequently, many different theories have been proposed.

23. To the ancients, dreams had divine meaning; for example, the Greeks thought a god actually entered the sleeper and delivered a message.

24. The ancient Egyptians also looked for divine guidance in dreams. Furthermore, they built dream temples for this purpose.

DIRECTIONS: Highlight the conjunctive adverbs, insert and circle needed punctuation marks, and capitalize letters where needed.

25. In 1899, Sigmund Freud brought attention to dreams again in fact his book Interpretation of Dreams helped create modern psychology.

26. According to Freud, dreams don’t deal with conscious problems at all instead they reveal our unconscious thoughts, desires, and fears.

27. A dream about being fired might reveal a hidden wish for a new career therefore analyzing such a dream might expand one’s self-knowledge.

28. In the last ten years, brain scientists have proposed many new theories about why we dream furthermore two of these have become widely accepted.

29. The first idea is that we dream to exercise our brains, consequently our minds will be alert in the morning.

30. The second idea is that we dream to solve problems from the day before in fact college students given a logic problem right before bed often discovered the answers in their sleep.

DIRECTIONS: Add a complete sentence after each conjunctive adverb. The idea must demonstrate a relationship that makes sense. Label the relationship you have created.

31. Aunt Bessie did a handstand; meanwhile, ___________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

Relationship: ___________________________________

32. Anna says whatever is on her mind. Consequently, ___________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

Relationship: ___________________________________

33. I refuse to wear those red cowboy boots again. Furthermore, ___________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

Relationship: ____________________________________

34. Travis is a good role model; otherwise, _____________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

Relationship: ________________________________________

DIRECTIONS: Combine each set of sentences into one, using a conjunctive adverb. Choose a conjunctive adverb that expresses the relationship between the two ideas best. Punctuate with care.

35. (a) Johanna fell asleep on the train.

(b) She missed her stop.

Combination: _________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

36. (a) Last night, Channel 20 televised a special about gorillas.

(b) I did not get home in time to see it.

Combination: _________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

37. (a) Roberta writes to her nephew every month.

(b) She sends a gift with every letter.

Combination: _________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

38. (a) It takes me almost an hour to get to school each morning.

(b) The scenery makes the ride a pleasure.

Combination: _________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

USING SCs and CAs to REVISE: Read this paragraph of short, choppy sentences. Then, revise it by making changes above the lines, using different subordinating conjunctions and conjunctive adverbs to combine pairs of sentences. Keep some short sentences for variety. Punctuate with care.

(1) Jacob Lawrence was a great American painter, a powerful teller of stories on canvas. (2) Young Jacob joined his mother in Harlem in 1930. (3) He began to paint the people around him. (4) Luckily, he found excellent art classes in Harlem. (5) The big art academies often excluded blacks then. (6) He was only 23. (7) He gained fame for his sixty-picture Migration Series. (8) A New York gallery displayed these paintings. (9) No major commercial gallery had showcased an African American artist before. (10) The Migration Series depicts southern blacks journeying north to find work after World War I. (11) The paintings show people searching for a better life. (12) Lawrence’s work portrays the poverty and prejudice the migrants endured. (13) He also wanted viewers of his work “to experience the beauty of life.” (14) During his long career, Lawrence painted many more energetic canvases and series. (15) His work reminds us that we are all migrants. (16) WE are always on the move. (17) We are seeking something more.