Chapter 1 – The Scope of Ecology

I.  Ecology: History and Relevance to Humankind

II.  Levels-of-Organization Hierarchy

Key terms: levels of organization
hierarchy
system
population
community
ecosystem
landscape
ecosphere

III.  The Emergent Property Principle

Key terms: emergent property
nonreducible property
collective properties

IV.  Transcending Functions and Control Processes

Key terms: transcending functions
homeostasis
homeorhesis

V.  Ecological Interfacing

Key terms: natural capital
economic capital
national product

VI.  About Models

Key terms: model
forcing function
state variables
flow pathways
interaction functions
feedback loops
statement

VII.  Disciplinary Reduction to Transdisciplinary Holism

Key terms: disciplinary
multidisciplinary
crossdisciplinary
interdisciplinary
transdisciplinary