1. / A man is pulling a 13-kg sled across a flat, snowy surface. He holds the handle of the sled at a 30° angle with the ground.
What is the minimum pulling force (F) to the nearest newton that the man must exert to keep the sled moving? (Use the following constants: coefficient of sliding friction = 0.15; acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s2, cos 30 = 0.87.)
A. / 20 N
B. / 22 N
C. / 9.5 N
D. / 19 N
E. / 130 N
Write your response here:
2. / A pellet gun is powered by a spring with stiffness constant 280 N/m. A pellet with a mass of 75 g is placed inside the gun, and the spring is compressed a distance of 8.0 cm from its resting position. What is the velocity of the pellet as it exits the gun?
A. / 32 m/s
B. / 10 m/s
C. / 22 m/s
D. / 4.9 m/s
E. / 1.2 m/s
Write your response here:
3. / Steve traveled for three hours from east to west along a highway. Every half-hour, he observed and recorded the milepost along the highway. The line graph shows the data he recorded.
What is Steve's average velocity during the three hours?
A. / 17 mph, due east
B. / 32 mph, due east
C. / 25 mph, due west
D. / 50 mph, due west
E. / 40 mph, due west
Write your response here:
4. / After a soccer ball is kicked, it rolls in a straight line across a grassy field. Which of Newton's laws of motion explains why friction with the grass slows the ball to a stop?
A. / either the first or third laws
B. / Newton's second law of motion
C. / either the second or third laws
D. / Newton's first law of motion
E. / Newton's third law of motion
Write your response here:
5. / The SI unit of power is the watt (W). Which of the following measurements equals 1 W?
A. / 1 (m/s)2
B. / 1 J/s
C. / 1 N/s
D. / 1 J · s
E. / 1 kg · m/s
Write your response here:
6. / The graph above describes the speed of a car as it travels along a roadway. Which statement about the car best explains the data in the graph?
A. / The car moved backward, and then moved forward.
B. / The car slowed down but did not stop, and then gradually accelerated.
C. / The car accelerated, and then slowed down.
D. / The car moved forward, and then moved backward.
E. / The car slowed to a complete stop, and then gradually accelerated.
Write your response here:
7. / A crate of weight 150 N is held in place by two ropes of equal length, as shown above. Each rope is connected to a horizontal ceiling at an angle of 45°.
Which of these expressions equals 150 N?
A. / (1/2)(T sin 45)
B. / T sin 45
C. / 2T sin 45
D. / T
E. / 2T
Write your response here:
8. / John is moving a watermelon. In which example does John do the least amount of work on the watermelon?
A. / John lifts the watermelon over his head.
B. / John holds the watermelon steady as he walks up a staircase.
C. / John holds the watermelon steady as he walks across a flat surface.
D. / John drags the watermelon behind him as he walks across a carpeted floor.
E. / John rolls the watermelon across a carpeted horizontal floor.
Write your response here:
9. / The diagram shows two vectors, V and W, on a coordinate grid. An arrow drawn from the tip of V to the tip of W represents
A. / 2V
B. / W - V
C. / V - W
D. / V + W
E. / V × W
Write your response here:
10. / When a rocket's engines are fired, a huge volume of gas rushes out of the bottom of the rocket. Which of Newton's laws of motion explain why this action lifts the rocket?
A. / third law of motion
B. / either the first or third laws
C. / first law of motion
D. / second law of motion
E. / either the second or third laws
Write your response here:
11. / A woman wants to lift a 10.0-kg rock from the ground to a height of 8.0 m. What is the minimum amount of work she must do on the rock? (Note: The acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2. The SI unit of work is the joule, abbreviated "J".)
A. / 780 J
B. / 7.8 J
C. / 1,600 J
D. / 0 J
E. / 80 J
Write your response here:
12. / Which of the following is a measure of acceleration?
A. / 5.3 miles per minute (mi/min)
B. / 1.7 meters squared per second squared (m/s)2
C. / 2.0 meters per second squared (m/s2)
D. / 4.5 kilometer•seconds (km•s)
E. / −1.5 kilometers per hour (km/h)
Write your response here:
13. / A man is trying to move a chest of toys across the floor. He pushes on the chest, but it remains at rest. Which of these actions could help the man push the chest successfully?
I. Remove some of the toys from the chest.
II. Have a friend pull upward on the chest as the man pushes it.
III. Add oil or another lubricant to the part of the chest that touches the floor.
A. / I and II only
B. / I, II, and III
C. / I only
D. / I and III only
E. / III only
Write your response here:
14. / A baseball thrown by pitcher A leaves his hand at an initial velocity of v0. The same baseball leaves the hand of pitcher B traveling 2v0. How much more energy does the baseball have when thrown by pitcher B than by pitcher A?
A. / 2v02
B. / 4 times as much
C. / twice as much
D. / half as much
E. / 4v02
Write your response here:
15. / On Tuesday, a man traveled a distance of 450 km with zero displacement from his starting position.
Which of the following statements, if any, must be true?
I. / The man began and ended his travels on Tuesday at the same location.
II. / The path that the man traveled on Tuesday was a circle or oval.
III. / At some moment on Tuesday, the man was 225 km away from his starting point.
A. / I and III only
B. / I only
C. / None of the statements
D. / I, II, and III
E. / I and II only
Write your response here:
16. / A 50-kg wooden crate is at rest on a flat surface. A woman wants to push the crate forward. What force must she apply to set the crate in motion? (Assume the coefficient of static friction to be 0.40)
A. / 12 N
B. / 160 N
C. / 200 N
D. / 120 N
E. / 20 N
Write your response here:
17. / A model race car of mass 2.5 kg is traveling at a velocity of 3.0 m/s eastward. How much work is required to increase its speed to 5.0 m/s eastward?
A. / 36 J
B. / 20 J
C. / 15 J
D. / 140 J
E. / 25 J
Write your response here:
18. /
A soccer ball is kicked off the ground. Its initial velocity (v0) forms an angle of 30 degrees with the ground. At the ball's highest point in its path through the air, its vertical velocity is ______m/s and its horizontal velocity is ______m/s.
A. / v0; 0
B. / (v0 sin 30); (v0 cos 30)
C. / (v0 cos 30); (v0 sin 30)
D. / 0; (v0 cos 30)
E. / 0; v0 - (v0 sin 30)
Write your response here:
19. / A 160-g hockey puck is at rest on the ice. A player then strikes the puck to accelerate it to a speed of 30 m/s. The puck slides on the ice, decelerating at a constant rate due to friction with the ice. It travels in a straight line until it comes to a rest 3.0 seconds after it began moving.
With is the force of kinetic friction between the ice and puck?
A. / 4.8 N
B. / 1,600 N
C. / 1.0 N
D. / 10 N
E. / 1.6 N
Write your response here:
20. / The force of friction is classified as a nonconservative force because the work it performs depends on
A. / the force of gravity.
B. / the total distance over which it is applied.
C. / the displacement over which it is applied.
D. / the energy it releases as heat.
E. / the angle at which it is applied.
Write your response here:
21. / A scientist observes three animals moving across his back yard. Each animal moves a different distance in a different amount of time. The data is shown in the chart:
Animal / Distance
(m) / Time
(s)
Squirrel / 35 / 15
Rabbit / 40 / 18
Dog / 25 / 9
Which choice below correctly orders the three animals by their average speeds, from slowest to fastest?
A. / Dog, Squirrel, Rabbit
B. / Squirrel, Dog, Rabbit
C. / Rabbit, Squirrel, Dog
D. / Rabbit, Dog, Squirrel
E. / Dog, Rabbit, Squirrel
Write your response here:
22. / The SI unit of force is the newton (N). Which of the following is the same as 1 N?
A. / 1 g·m/s
B. / 1 kg/s2
C. / 1 kg·m/s
D. / 1 kg·m/s2
E. / 1 kg·m·s
Write your response here:
23. /
A pendulum is made of a ball attached to the bottom of a stiff rod. The pendulum swings back and forth between positions A and C in the diagram. Positions A and C are the highest points of the arc, whereas position B is the lowest point of the arc.
As the pendulum swings, gravitational potential energy is converted to kinetic energy as the ball moves ______.
A. / from position B to C
B. / from position C to B to A
C. / from position B to A
D. / toward position B from either direction
E. / from position A to B to C
Write your response here:
24. / A motorist is driving her car from Millville to Yorktown. When could her displacement equal the distance she travels?
A. / when she drives on a straight road that connects the two towns
B. / when she continuously moves forward along the road, without stopping or reversing
C. / when she travels at a constant speed
D. / when she travels with constant acceleration
E. / when she drives on a road that has the shape of a parabola
Write your response here:
25. / How do the following weights compare? (Assume all objects are on Earth's surface.)
I. the weight of a 7-kg bowling ball at rest on the floor
II. the weight of a 7-kg bowling ball rolling down the alley
III. the weight of a 7-kg bowling ball dropping on someone's foot
A. / Weight III < Weights I and II, which are equal.
B. / Weight III > Weight II > Weight I
C. / Weight III > Weights I and II, which are equal.
D. / All three weights are equal.
E. / Weight III < Weight II < Weight I
Write your response here:
26. / A woman lifts a barbell straight up from the floor. What information is necessary to calculate her average power output?
I. / the weight of the barbell
II. / he amount of time she takes to lift the barbell
III. / the barbell's final height relative to the floor
A. / II only
B. / I and II only
C. / II and III only
D. / I and III only
E. / I, II, and III
Write your response here:
27. /
A soccer ball is kicked upward. Its initial velocity (v0) forms a 30-degree angle with the flat ground.
Which expression describes the horizontal velocity (vx) of the ball as it travels through the air over time (t)? (Assume air resistance is negligible.)
A. / v0 cos 30°
B. / v0t
C. / (v0 sin 30°) t
D. / (v0 cos 30°) t
E. / (v0 sin 30°) t2
Write your response here:
28. / On Earth, an astronaut has mass 54 kilograms and weight 530 N. When she walks on the Moon, her mass will ______and her weight will ______.
A. / increase, decrease
B. / decrease, stay the same
C. / stay the same, stay the same
D. / stay the same, decrease
E. / stay the same, increase
Write your response here:
29. / Al is holding a golf ball with his arm extended out in front of him. He releases the ball, and it falls to the grass. At which points does the golf ball have the most potential energy and the most kinetic energy? (Ignore the effects of air resistance.)
A. / most potential energy: when the ball is halfway to the ground
most kinetic energy: when the ball is halfway to the ground
B. / most potential energy: prior to releasing the ball
most kinetic energy: after the ball comes to rest in the grass
C. / most potential energy: after the ball comes to rest in the grass
most kinetic energy: prior to releasing the ball
D. / most potential energy: prior to releasing the ball
most kinetic energy: immediately before the ball hits the grass
E. / most potential energy: a moment after the ball is released
most kinetic energy: when the ball is halfway to the ground
Write your response here:
30. / A car is traveling at 12 m/s along a straight highway. The driver then applies the brakes to avoid a collision. The car decelerates at a constant rate of 4.0 m/s2. How long does the car take to reach a complete stop, and how far does it travel while the brakes are being pressed?
A. / 3.0 seconds; 36 meters
B. / 8.0 seconds; 96 meters
C. / 3.0 seconds; 54 meters
D. / 8.0 seconds; 54 meters
E. / 3.0 seconds; 18 meters
Write your response here:
31. / Two furniture movers are pushing a sofa across a carpet. They observe that they exert more force to set the sofa in motion than to keep it moving. What best explains this observation?
A. / Force is directly proportional to acceleration.
B. / The coefficient of static friction is less than the coefficient of kinetic friction.
C. / The sofa weighs less when it is moving.
D. / The mass of the sofa is greater than the mass of the carpet over it.
E. / The coefficient of static friction is greater than the coefficient of kinetic friction.
Write your response here:
32. /
A man pulls a 25-kg sled a distance of 80 meters across a flat, snowy surface. He holds the handle of the sled at an angle of 30° with the ground. How much work does he do on the sled against the force of friction? (Assume the coefficient of sliding friction between the sled and snow to be 0.10, the acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2, and cos 30 = 0.87.)
A. / 170 J
B. / 17 J
C. / 1700 J
D. / 6800 J
E. / 680 J
Write your response here: