32.3 & 32.4 Lesson Plan – Ford, Carter, and the Environment

Materials: reading, How the 70s Changed America, computer, pics, station guide

Obj – identify major events that affected the presidencies of Ford and Carter by completing the 4 station activities

Hook – show them a pic, but a crazy close-up version so it is hard to identify,

Act:

  1. in groups of 3s, travel clockwise through the room starting w/ the station your group has been assigned
  2. fill in the station guide as you go, you only get 6 minutes per station
  3. Keep you station guide to study for the test

Close – revisit pic from hook, can you identify it now?

Station I – Ford; in the folder at this station, you will look at the pics, documents, and quotes to answer the questions in your station guide for station I

Station II – Jimmy Carter on the Economy and Energy Crisis, you will look at the pics, documents, and quotes to answer the questions in your station guide for station III

Station III – Jimmy Carter on Human Rights and Foreign Affairs; you will look at the pics, documents, and quotes to answer the questions in your station guide for station IV

Station IV– Environmental Activism in the 1970s, you will look at the pics, documents, and quotes to answer the questions in your station guide for station IV

Station I -Ford

  1. “Our long national nightmare is over.”

2.

3.

4. Description

The Helsinki Declaration of August 1, 1975 was a turning point in Cold War relations inside European borders. The Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact countries celebrated the acknowledgment of their national boundaries; a desired goal since the end of World War II. West European democracies celebrated the Warsaw Pact countries' willingness to adopt ten major points of international diplomacy. One of the most pivotal of these points was the seventh clause of the treaty, an agreement to uphold human rights. Each East European country promised to protect minority rights, allow religious worship, and grant political and economic freedom for all of their citizens. Each country published the Helsinki Declaration at home, which created a promise of wide reforms if the countries honored this agreement. As citizens throughout Eastern Europe petitioned for their new human rights, a widespread dissident movement against the Communist Parties of Eastern Europe emerged, including the arrival of the Charter 77 in Czechoslovakia.

Source

The Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, August 1, 1975, 14 I.L.M. 1292.

Station II -Carter on the Economy and Domestic Policy

1. III. THE PRESIDENT'S ENERGY PROGRAM – NATIONAL ENERGY ACT

The elements of the total program are summarized in the pages that follow.

A. CONSERVATION

Transportation

a. Gas-guzzler tax and rebate (legislative): Because present law and regulations are insufficient to assure that needed conservation will take place in this sector, a graduated excise tax would be imposed on new automobiles and light duty trucks whose fuel economy fails to meet the applicable fuel economy standard under existing law. Graduated rebates would be given for automobiles and light duty trucks whose fuel economy is better than the standard.

The tax schedule would be fixed by statute, and taxes would begin in model year 1978, increase each year through 1985, and remain constant thereafter. The rebate schedule will be adjusted each year in advance 'by the IRS so that total estimated rebate payments will not exceed the estimated tax receipts. The proposed tax and rebate table is attached as Appendix A.

Electric vehicles will be eligible for the maximum rebate. Rebates will be available for vehicles manufactured in the United States and Canada. Rebates would be available for vehicles manufactured in other countries on the basis of treaties or executive agreements entered into between these countries and the United States. The President's Special Representative for Trade Negotiations will work with other nations to develop equitable rebate agreements.

b. Auto efficiency standards (administrative): In order to continue the progress made to date on automobile fuel efficiency, the Secretary of Transportation will begin the analysis necessary to exercise his authority to raise mileage standards above 27.5 mpg after 1985.

c. 55-mph speed limit (administrative): The President has requested that the national 55-mph speed limit be vigorously enforced by States and municipalities

2.

Station III – Carter and Human Rights and International Diplomacy

1. But people in Panama were not happy because they wanted control of the canal. They also wanted the United States to leave. The solution to this problem was a second treaty, which was the result of many years of negotiations. The United States didn’t want to give up control, but the people in Panama had different plans.

The second treaty is known as the Torrijos-Carter Treaty. This neutrality treaty said that the United States had the permanent right to defend the canal from any threats. In addition, as of midnight on January 1, 2000, Panama would be in full control of the canal, but not responsible for the canal’s defense. It was signed by the United States and Panama in WashingtonD.C. on September 7, 1977. The treaty is named after its two signatories, US President, Jimmy Carter and Panama’s leader, Omar Torrijos. This important treaty was ratified by the United States Senate on March 16, 1978.

2. (CNN) -- Here's a look at what you need to about the Camp David Accords. Egyptian President Anwar Sadat, Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and U.S. President Jimmy Carter signed the Camp David Accords on September 17, 1978 in Washington, DC.

The Details of the Camp David Accords:
Called for a formal peace treaty to be signed between Israel and Egypt, within three months.

Called for establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries.

Called for Israeli withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula in stages, to be completed within three years.

Called for further meetings to resolve the Palestinian question. The meeting would include Jordan and a representative of the Palestinian people.

Called for a five-year transitional period of Israeli withdrawal from the West Bank and Gaza. This transitional period would include the introduction of Palestinian self-government.

Called for an end to Israeli settlements in the West Bank.

Did not settle the question of East Jerusalem.

3.

Political Cartoon of the 1980 Summer Olympic Boycott

The 1980 Summer Olympic Games marked a turning point in Olympic history, and in the Cold War. In December of 1979 the Soviet Union went to and invaded Afghanistan. The invasion of Afghanistan by the Soviet Union caused the Boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics, held in Moscow, USSR, by the Untited States, and sixty-one other countries. The government of both Britain, and France were in support of the boycott, but the athletes of both countries still went to Moscow to compete. The Olympic Games are supposed to be a place where all the countries of the world can come together and put aside their political beliefs. Since the boycott of the 1980 Summer Olypmics it has been hard to take politics out of the games. The boycott of the Moscow games led to the Soviet Union to boycott the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.

Station IV – Environmental Activism

2.

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Last station, together, then close