Chapter 14 Review

1. Why do we use an equation for a chemical reaction that correctly preserves the number and type of atoms on both sides of the reaction?

2. What is the number in an equation that designates the number of molecules of a substance taking part in a chemical reaction called?

3. What is the substance formed in a chemical reaction called?

4. What is the solid product that comes out of solution in a chemical reaction called?

5. Define the following terms:

Alpha radiation

Beta radiation

Gamma radiation

Precipitate

Aqueous (aq)/solid(s)/liquid (l)/gas (g)

Fusion/fission

Endothermic/exothermic

Half-life

6. Predict the chemical formula of the compound formed when the two elements, K and Cl, combine.

7. Write the balanced equation for the following reaction:

The fuel used in gas grills is called propane (C3H8). Propane reacts with oxygen gas (O2) found in the air to produce carbon dioxide gas (CO2) and water vapor (H2O).

NH4NO3(s) + H2O(l) + energy → NH4+1(aq) + NO3-1(aq) + H2O(l)

8. Is the ammonium nitrate reaction shown above an endothermic or exothermic reaction?

9. Name 3 examples of radiation that you might encounter in your environment.

10. What radioactive technique is used to determine the age of fossils?

Carbon-14 undergoes beta decay to become another element.

11. What is the product of the radioactive decay?

12. What is the new element?

13. Balance the following chemical equation:

Al + O2 → Al2O3

Essay prompt

14. The mass of an iron bolt was 5.4 grams when it was manufactured. After being bolted to an outdoor structure for several months, the mass of the bolt was found to have increased by 0.2 grams. Given the following balanced equation for the reaction, does this example support the law of conservation of mass? Why or why not?

4Fe +3O2 → 2Fe2O3

15.  What does the Law of Conservation of Mass state?

16.  In the chemical equation below:

C6H12O6 + 6O2 à 6CO2 + 6H2O

  1. What are the reactants?
  1. What are the products?
  1. What does the arrow mean?

17.  Describe the five types of reactions.

18.  Balance the following equations and indicate what type of reaction it is.

  1. _____H2 + _____O2 à _____H2O
  1. _____Mg + _____O2 à _____MgO
  1. _____Ca + _____H2O à _____Ca(OH)2 + _____H2
  1. _____Cu + _____HgNO3 à _____Cu(NO3)2 + _____Hg
  1. _____C3H8 + _____O2 à _____CO2 + _____H2O
  1. _____Al + _____F2 à _____AlF3
  1. _____C6H12O6 + _____O2 à _____CO2 + _____H2O
  1. _____Fe3O4 + _____H2 à _____Fe + _____H2O
  1. _____Al2O3 + _____HCl à _____AlCl3 + _____H2O
  1. _____NH4OH + _____FeCl3 à _____Fe(OH)3 + _____NH4Cl
  1. _____CaO + _____P2O5 à _____Ca3(PO4)2