21St Century Instructional Guide for Career Technical Education s5

21st Century Instructional Guide for Career Technical Education

Medical Assistant Laboratory and Diagnostic Procedures

Health Science Technology Education

Medical Assisting

Title: / Medical Assistant Laboratory and Diagnostic Procedures (0737)
Standard Number:
HSTE.S.MLD.1 / Introduction to the Medical Laboratory
Students will identify the general purposes of laboratory testing.
Essential
Question: / Is the quality of laboratory tests performed in a POL less than that of a larger outside lab?
Objective Number: / Objective: / Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor:
HSTE.O.MLD.1.1 / outline various purposes of laboratory testing. / purposes of laboratory testing
·  assess general health
·  aid in a diagnosis
·  evaluate response to medication
·  assess the progress or regression of the disease process
HSTE.O.MLD.1.2 / categorize the major different departments that could be found within a medical laboratory. / medical lab departments
·  chemistry
·  hematology
·  serology
·  microbiology
·  blood bank
·  urinalysis
·  histology
HSTE.O.MLD.1.3 / participate in the performance of common laboratory tests and explain the body system or function being surveyed. / common lab tests
·  urine dipstick
·  blood glucose via glucometer
·  strept spot test
·  fecal occult blood
·  explain body system being surveyed
Standard Number:
HSTE.S.MLD.2 / Disease Transmission and Prevention
Students will describe principles of disease transmission and prevention.
Essential
Question: / Considering microorganisms and disease transmission, are clinical facilities safer for patients than home care?
Objective Number: / Objective: / Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor:
HSTE.O.MLD.2.1 / recognize the classifications of infectious microorganisms. / classes of microorganisms
·  bacteria
·  viruses
·  protozoa
·  rickettsiae
·  fungi
Discussion should include examples and appearance, of each classification.
Presentation should include the definition of microorganisms, including nonpathogens and pathogens.
HSTE.O.MLD.2.2 / identify common diseases within each classification of infectious microorganisms. / bacteria
·  Tuberculosis
·  wound infections
·  Anthrax
viruses
·  colds
·  Influenza
·  childhood diseases
·  Lyme disease
·  Hepatitis B
·  HIV
protoza
·  Malaria
·  Trichomonas Vaginitis
rickettsiae
fungi
·  Thrush
·  vaginal yeast infections
·  ringworm
·  tinea
HSTE.O.MLD.2.3 / recognize the growth requirement for microorganisms and illustrate the cycle of infection. / growth requirements
·  nutrients
·  darkness,
·  warmth
·  moisture
·  pH
·  gases, either require oxygen (aerobes) or don’t require oxygen (anaerobes)
Presentation should include explanation on the human body as the perfect growth place.
HSTE.O.MLD.2.4 / interpret the cycle of infection. / cycle of infection
·  causative agent
·  reservoir
o  human
o  fomites
o  vectors
·  portal of exit
·  mode of transmission
·  portal of entry
·  susceptible host
techniques to interrupt the cycle of infection
·  handwashing
·  other medical aseptic techniques
Students can draw the cycle of infection as a chain. Then have them add scissors at each link, listing the ways that each link can be broken. Students should understand that the most important way to prevent the spread of infection is by proper handwashing. Students should be remind them that some microbes can live outside the body for months before transmission, making cleaning equipment a very important aspect of breaking the cycle of infection.
HSTE.O.MLD.2.5 / perform handwashing and alcohol-based hand sanitization. / handwashing
·  demonstration
·  student practice and return demonstration
alcohol-based hand sanitization
·  demonstration
·  student practice and return demonstration
HSTE.O.MLD.2.6 / don and remove non-sterile gloves. / don and remove non-sterile gloves
·  demonstrate
·  student practice and return demonstration
HSTE.O.MLD.2.7 / perform a throat specimen for culture. / throat specimen for culture
·  demonstration
·  student practice and return demonstration
HSTE.O.MLD.2.8 / discuss the purpose for culture and sensitivity testing. / purpose for culture and sensitivity
HSTE.O.MLD.2.9 / communicate the purpose of regulatory bodies (Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA). / regulatory bodies
·  OSHA
·  CDC
·  CLIA
HSTE.O.MLD.2.10 / incorporate Standard Precautions when handling bio-hazardous material. / Standard Precautions
·  treat all blood & body fluids as contaminated
·  PPE
·  sanitize hands
HSTE.O.MLD.2.11 / anticipate the need for the exposure incident report and follow up procedures. / exposure incident report:
·  definition of an exposure
·  immediate first aid after an incident
·  chain of command for reporting the incident
·  completion of the incident report
·  follow-up procedures
Standard Number:
HSTE.S.MLD.3 / Medical and Surgical Asepsis
Students will identify principles of disease transmission and prevention.
Essential
Question: / Are the patient’s own organisms less likely to cause an infection for that individual as opposed to those of the health care worker?
Objective Number: / Objective: / Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor:
HSTE.O.MLD.3.1 / compare and contrast medical and surgical asepsis. / medical asepsis
surgical asepsis
HSTE.O.MLD.3.2 / differentiate between sanitization, disinfection, and sterilization practices. / surgical asepsis
·  sanitization
·  disinfection
·  sterilization
HSTE.O.MLD.3.3 / distinguish between methods of sterilization. / sterilization
·  autoclave
·  gas sterilization
·  chemical agents
·  radiation
·  patients at home can reuse rubber urinary catheters by boiling them
·  patients at home may also use the oven as dry heat to sterilize items that cannot be boiled.
HSTE.O.MLD.3.4 / perform the technique for preparing, wrapping, and autoclaving instruments. / preparation of instruments for autoclaving
·  demonstrate sanitization
·  demonstrate wrapping instruments in CSR wrap
·  demonstrate placing instruments in a autoclave sleeve
·  then demonstrate how to load and run the autoclave
·  students practice and then return demonstration
HSTE.O.MLD.3.5 / assess the need for surgical asepsis. / surgical asepsis
HSTE.O.MLD.3.6 / perform techniques of surgical asepsis, to include sterile technique, gloving, use of transfer forceps, assisting with minor surgery, and dry sterile dressing. / surgical asepsis
·  sterile technique
·  gloving
·  transfer forceps
·  assisting with minor surgery
·  dry sterile dressing
·  demonstrate each
·  students practice & then do return demonstration
Standard Number:
HSTE.S.MLD.4 / Physician Office Laboratory (POL) Regulations and Safety
Students will apply basic safety standards.
Essential
Question: / During the externship experience, would it be acceptable to not follow OSHA standards if the office staff does not?
Objective Number: / Objective: / Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor:
HSTE.O.MLD.4.1 / choose OSHA safety standards used within the medical laboratory. / OSHA safety standards
HSTE.O.MLD.4.2 / determine CLIA waived tests. / CLIA waived tests
HSTE.O.MLD.4.3 / evaluate lab practices that yield quality assurance and quality control in the medical laboratory. / quality assurance
·  definition
·  practices
quality control
·  definition
·  practices
HSTE.O.MLD.4.4 / plan for safety measures associated with specimen processing. / safety measures
·  OSHA standards
·  CLIA standards
HSTE.O.MLD.4.5 / complete a laboratory requisition. / laboratory requisition
·  demonstrate how to complete
·  students will have a return demonstration
A good time to do this is with venipuncture.
Standard Number:
HSTE.S.MLD.5 / Hematology
Students will understand the purposes and procedures of hematological procedures.
Essential
Question: / Is there an impact on patient care when the Medical Assistant does not have a solid understanding of the purpose and procedure of hematology tests drawn or performed on patients?
Objective Number: / Objective: / Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor:
HSTE.O.MLD.5.1 / recognize the purpose of hematological testing in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. / hematology testing
·  diagnosis of disease
·  treatment of disease
HSTE.O.MLD.5.2 / differentiate between serum and plasma. / serum
plasma
HSTE.O.MLD.5.3 / explain the principle of the evacuated system. / principle of the evacuated system
HSTE.O.MLD.5.4 / recognize the purpose of additives associated with color-coded tubes. / additives
·  purpose
·  additive for each specified color tube
HSTE.O.MLD.5.5 / identify basic office hematology tests. / basic office hematology procedures
·  CBC
·  RBC
·  WBC
·  platelet count
·  hemoglobin (Hb)
·  hematocrit
chemistry
Glucose
·  Protime (PT)
·  Hemoglobin A1c
Related topics to include the correct colored tube and the associated lab normals.
HSTE.O.MLD.5.6 / select equipment and supplies required for specimen collection. / equipment & supplies:
·  capillary puncture:
·  venipuncture
HSTE.O.MLD.5.7 / incorporate safety standards in hematology specimen collection. / safety standards
·  requisition
·  collection
·  specimen labeling
·  transportation
HSTE.O.MLD.5.8 / perform a venipuncture and capillary puncture. / demonstrate venipuncture
demonstrate capillary puncture
students practice each
students do a return demonstration of each
HSTE.O.MLD.5.9 / perform a random blood sugar via glucameter. / demonstrate glucose via glucameter
students practice
students do a return demonstration
Standard Number:
HSTE.S.MLD.6 / Urinalysis
Students will understand the importance of urinalysis as a diagnostic tool and the procedures for a common urinalysis.
Essential
Question: / Urine is not directly touched when performing a dipstick analysis. Is it then necessary to wear gloves?
Objective Number: / Objective: / Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor:
HSTE.O.MLD.6.1 / recognize the purpose of urinalysis in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. / purpose of urinalysis
·  diagnosis of disease
·  treatment of disease
HSTE.O.MLD.6.2 / incorporate safety standards in urine specimen collection. / safety standards
·  proper instructions
·  collection
·  lab requisition
·  label the container
·  transportation of the specimen
HSTE.O.MLD.6.3 / choose the equipment and supplies for random, clean-catch, and 24-hour urine collection. / equipment & supplies
·  random urine test
·  midstream clean-catch
·  24-hr specimen
HSTE.O.MLD.6.4 / perform physical and chemical analysis on urine. / demonstrate physical analysis
demonstrate chemical analysis
students practice
students then do a return demonstration
HSTE.O.MLD.6.5 / provide patient instruction for specimen collection. / patient instruction
·  random specimen
·  midstream clean-catch
·  24 hr specimen
HSTE.O.MLD.6.6 / record urinalysis results. / record UA results
HSTE.O.MLD.6.7 / relate abnormal findings. / relate abnormal findings
Standard Number:
HSTE.S.MLD.7 / Electrocardiogram
Students will understand the underlying physiology related to electrocardiography and perform electrocardiography procedures.
Essential
Question: / Although medical assistants are not responsible for interpreting an ECG tracing or confirming the presence of an arrhythmia, is it important for them to recognize various arrhythmias when obtaining an ECG?
Objective Number: / Objective: / Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor:
HSTE.O.MLD.7.1 / trace the electrical conduction of the heart. / electrical conduction of the heart
·  SA node
·  A-V node
·  Bundle of His
·  Purkinje fibers
HSTE.O.MLD.7.2 / discuss the meaning and purpose of the electrocardiogram. / electrocardiogram
·  meaning
·  purpose
HSTE.O.MLD.7.3 / correlate the EKG tracing with the cardiac cycle. / cardiac cycle and EKG tracing
HSTE.O.MLD.7.4 / perform a twelve lead EKG. / EKG
·  demonstrate a 12 lead EKG
·  students practice
·  students do a return demonstration
HSTE.O.MLD.7.5 / recognize artifacts and common causes. / artifacts
·  names
·  common causes
HSTE.O.MLD.7.6 / recognize life threatening cardiac arrhythmias. / arrhythmias
·  atrial
·  ventricular
·  life threatening arrhythmias
HSTE.O.MLD.7.7 / discuss the purpose of the Holter Monitor. / Holter Monitor purpose
HSTE.O.MLD.7.8 / discuss the Medical Assistance role in the use of Holter Monitor cardiac testing. / MA role in Holter Monitor testing
·  pt education
·  application & removal of monitor
Standard Number:
HSTE.S.MLD.8 / Technology
Students will apply knowledge of technology and its use within the health care system.
Essential
Question: / What does technology have to do with the study of medical terminology and/or anatomy?
Objective Number: / Objective: / Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor:
HSTE.O.MLD.8.1 / integrate the use of software, hardware, and
the Internet to practice and master course
standards. / implement software and hardware
HSTE.O.MLD.8.2 / discuss the use of technology in medical
laboratory and diagnostic procedures. / utilize the internet as a resource tool
Standard Number:
HSTE.O.MLD.9 / Career and Technical Student Organization
Students will participate in the Career and Technical Student Organization (CTSO).
Essential
Question: / How does participation in a Career and Technical Student Organization (CTSO) impact professional development and lifelong learning?
Objective Number: / Objective: / Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor:
HSTE.O.MLD.9.1 / participate in the appropriate Career and
Technical Student Organization (CTSO). / See www.HOSA.org.
HSTE.O.MLD.9.2 / apply parliamentary procedures in chapter
meetings. / See Robert’s Rules of Order.
HSTE.O.MLD.9.3 / demonstrate team membership/leadership
and problem solving skills. / See HOSA Handbook.
HSTE.O.MLD.9.4 / participate in local, state, and national
projects impacting healthcare and healthcare
education. / See HOSA Handbook.
21st Century Skills / Learning Skills & Technology Tools / Teaching Strategies Culminating Activity / Evidence of Success
Information and Communication Skills: / 21C.O.9-12.1.LS1 / Student recognizes information needed for problem solving, can efficiently browse, search and navigate online to access relevant information, evaluates information based on credibility, social, economic, political and/or ethical issues, and presents findings clearly and persuasively using a range of technology tools and media. / Utilizing scenario based problems, students apply cognitive learning and access information via Internet to solving real-world problems related to
infection control, medical labs, and diagnostic procedures.
Students use Internet resources to access information on infection control, medical labs and diagnostic procedures presented within the curriculum. / Students will demonstrate mastery according to guidelines as established in the rubric for written report on Internet research.
21C.O.9-12.1.LS2 / Student analyzes and interprets visuals and recognizes the impact digital media influences (e.g. design, technique, and rate of speed) have on audiences. The student’s visual products reflect a sophisticated understanding of subject, digital media and design techniques. / Students utilize electronic responders within classroom presentations and recognize the scope of response through interpretation of digital media. Responders are used in conjunction with the virtual white board. / Students can verbalize the significance of data as displayed through the use of electronic responders.
21C.O.9-12.1.TT2 / Student routinely applies keyboarding skills, keyboard shortcut techniques, and mouse skills with facility, speed and accuracy. / Student utilizes keyboarding skills to document the results of laboratory and diagnostic procedures in a simulated patient electronic medical record. / Students demonstrate mastery in the use of keyboarding skills as evidenced by the use of all charting rules and lack of errors in the patient electronic medical record.