2014 Revision: Student Version

2014 Revision: Student Version

Multichoice questions:

1.  A pedometer is

A.  highly reactive, subjective, practical.

B.  objective, inexpensive, practical.

C.  accurate, practical, inexpensive.

D.  expensive, measures frequency, highly reactive.

2.  Park Run organises free, weekly, 5km timed runs around the world, open to everyone. These events take place in pleasant parkland surroundings and encourage people of every ability to take part. It brings together people from a local setting to exercise. Using the events page on the website, an individual can select a suitable location, review the course and view past results. Park Run increases physical activity levels locally by

A.  increasing access to affordable, safe, regular exercise.

B.  incorporating activities within the school curriculum.

C.  provides incentives to employers that run to work.

D.  being a world-wide event.

3.  Park Run offers runs one day per week. What else could an individual need to complete to meet the National Physical Activity Guidelines for an Adult?

A.  walking the dog 5 days of the week for 60 minutes and standing at work for 15 minutes per work day.

B. playing tennis twice in the week of 60 minutes per game, gardening one day of the week for

approximately 90 minutes, riding a bike to and from work 75 minutes per day, three times a week.

C. standing at work for various amounts of time (between 15 minutes to 60 minutes), five days of the week.

D. taking two one hour aerobic classes in a week.

5.  One disadvantage of using an objective method to measure children’s physical activity levels is

A. it avoids recall problems.

B.  it is expensive to administer.

C.  a large number of participants are needed.

D. it requires a high level of cognitive ability.

6. Which one of the following physical activity measures would be the least practical but most accurate measure of physical activity?

A. pedometers

B. accelerometers

C. direct observation

D. physical activity logs

7.  The social ecological model identifies four levels (shown in the table as A, B, C and D) that influence physical activity behaviour.

A / B / C / D
Urban planning
legislation / Level of education / Access to facilities such
as parks and sporting
grounds / Cultural

From the table, the names of the four correct levels are

A.  A – individual, B – social environment, C – physical environment, D – policy.

B.  A – policy, B – social environment, C – physical environment, D – individual.

C.  A – policy, B – individual, C – physical environment, D – social environment.

D.  A – physical environment , B – individual, C – policy, D – social environment.

Question 8

Which statement about accelerometers as a tool for measuring physical activity is true?

A. Accelerometers are a subjective measure of physical activity.

B. There is no reactivity associated with the use of accelerometers.

C. The accelerometer measurement data is provided in beats per minute (bpm).

D. Accelerometers are an appropriate choice to measure physical activity levels in children.

Question 9

Strategies used to promote physical activity in schools can be based in school policy, the physical environment and the social environment.

Which of the following is an example of a policy-based strategy?

A. mowing the oval regularly

B. asking house captains to take walking groups at lunchtime

C. school leadership allocating designated play areas for different year levels

D. providing opportunities for all years 7 and 8 students to play lunchtime sport

Question 10

The multiple levels of influence in the Social Ecological Model of Physical Activity are:

A.  Individual, intrapersonal, physical environment, policy.

B.  Individual, interpersonal, physical environment, policy.

C.  Individual, intrapersonal, physical environment, process.

D.  Individual, interpersonal, physical environment, process.

Unit 3 AOS 2:Physiological Responses to Physical Activity

1.  An acute response from submaximal to maximal exercise intensity is

A.  increased tidal volume.

B.  increased VO2 maximum.

C.  increased muscle glycogen stores.

D. increased motor unit recruitment.

2. At a school athletics carnival the Open boys (Under 20) 100m event was won in 11.7 seconds.

The major cause of fatigue for this athlete at the conclusion of the event would have been

A.  glycogen depletion and hydrogen ion accumulation.

B.  creatine phosphate (PC) depletion and accumulation of inorganic phosphates.

C.  hydrogen ion accumulation and increased core body temperature.

D.  increased core body temperature and glycogen depletion.

3.Which of the following does not occur once an athlete reaches their Lactate Inflection Point (L.I.P.)?

A. increased time until exhaustion.

B. increased anaerobic metabolism.

C. increased blood lactate.

D. increased hydrogen ion accumulation.

4. In an Open Water swim over 10 kilometres, a reduced oxygen deficit is enabled if

A. high Glycaemic Index (GI) foods and an active recovery are undertaken immediately following the

exercise.

B. protein is consumed and a passive recovery occurs immediately following the exercise.

C. the athlete has a high VO2 maximum and completes a warm up.

D. the athlete has a high VO2 maximum and completes an active recovery.

5. Phosphocreatine (PC) resynthesis following a high intensity effort is delayed by

A.  low oxygen supply and low pH levels.

B.  low oxygen supply and high pH levels.

C.  reduced amounts of hydrogen ions and accumulated creatine monohydrate.

D.  increased amounts of hydrogen ions and high pH levels.

6. 

The two runners depicted above have the same VO2 maximums. The likely reason for the difference in the graph is

A.  lactate inflection point

B.  lactate tolerance

C.  running economy

D.  fuel depletion

7. Which of the following factors contributes to fatigue in performance?

A. increased sodium gradients

B. increased central nervous system firing

C. increased intramuscular pH levels

D. increased vasoconstriction at the muscle site

8. Which one of the following occurs during sub-maximal exercise at the tissue-capillary interface?

A. Diffusion rates will decrease so less oxygen enters the lungs.

B. Diffusion rates will decrease so less carbon dioxide enters the blood stream.

C. Diffusion rates will increase to allow greater amounts of oxygen to enter the lungs.

D. Diffusion rates will increase to allow greater amounts of oxygen to enter the muscle.

9. Which of the following would be most likely to cause fatigue in an 800-metre running race?

A. depletion of liver glycogen stores

B. depletion of intramuscular fat stores

C. accumulation of lactate ions in the blood

D. accumulation of hydrogen ions in the blood

10. This graph represents energy systems interplay. Which of the follow statements is best represents this graph.

A.  ATP-CP system supplies all ATP at the beginning of exercise.

B.  All energy systems are activated at the beginning of exercise equally.

C.  All energy systems are activated but contribute varying amounts of ATP

D.  Once one energy system is depleted, the next one begins to produce ATP

Unit 3 AOS 1: Monitoring and Promotion of Physical Activity

SHORT ANSWER

Question 1 (13 marks)

As part of the VicHealth PICSAR (Participation in Community Sport and Active Recreation)

program, Badminton Victoria partnered with the Centre for Multicultural Youth (CMY) to

provide opportunities for refugee and migrant young people to be involved in badminton for

their sport and recreation needs. Some of the elements of the program included:

• A local bus company provided transport and the Ballarat Badminton Association (BBA)

provided coaches and barbeque lunches.

• A five-week introductory class and a special day targeting international students from the

local university have led to many groups now playing regularly.

• While the sports peak body had previously focused on the elite, producing club champions,

they found investing in broader community participation secured a healthier future for the

sport.

• BBA now has a booming casual court hire trade and the stadium has become a community

hub with a new pool of eager volunteers.

Adapted PICSAR More than Just Sport (2007/08-2010/11)

a. VicHealth realises the importance of adhering to the National Physical Activity Guidelines

(NPAG). Identify the NPAG that best suits ‘young people’ and explain the ability for young

people to adhere to this guideline through participating in the PICSAR program. 2 marks

NPAG

______

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Explanation

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b. Identify two levels of influence from the social-ecological model (SEM). Use an example

from the PICSAR program for each level of influence identified. (4 marks)

Level of influence 1:______

Example from PICSAR program: ______

______

______

______

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Level of influence 2:______

Example from PICSAR program:

______

______

______

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c. i Use the PICSAR program to discuss the effect that multifactorial levels of influence may

have on increasing involvement in physical activity. (4 marks)

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ii Could this program be used to increase participation in physical activity for people with a

disability? Provide evidence from the current PICSAR program to justify your answer. (3 marks)

______

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Question 2:

A pilot program called ‘Stand Up Victoria’ targets prolonged sitting and will assess the

effectiveness of reducing this through a trial of standing workstations with the key messages of

‘stand up, sit less, move more’. (VicHealth Letter, Issue No. 38, p.15)

a. Complete the table to identify and explain one measuring tool that could be used to assess

the effectiveness of the ‘Stand Up Victoria’ program in a workplace of 1000 workers and a

workplace of 30 employees. ( 4 marks)

1000 Employees in a workplace / 30 Employees in a workplace
Measuring tool
Justification

b. Outline the difference between a subjective measure of physical activity and an objective

measure of physical activity? 2 marks

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c. Provide another initiative a workplace could introduce to improve physical activity levels

of individuals in the workplace during work-hours? 2 marks

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d. i Define sedentary behaviour. 1 mark

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ii Would you expect the ‘Stand Up Victoria’ program to address the sedentary behaviour of

Victorian workplaces? Justify your answer.

2 marks

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Unit 3 AOS 2:Physiological Responses to Physical Activity

Question 1 (11 marks)

Daniel is a Year 12 student who trained to compete in an 8km Fun Run. The race was held on a flat

course that comprised 2 x 4km laps. On the night of the race the air temperature was 33 degrees

Celsius.

During the race the following data was collected via a Heart Rate monitor and GPS:

DISTANCE / TIME (MIN) / AVE HEART RATE
1km / 4:09 / 166 bpm
2km / 4:13 / 172 bpm
3km / 4:26 / 173 bpm
4km / 4:23 / 173 bpm
5km / 4:38 / 175 bpm
6km / 4:37 / 175 bpm
7km / 4:38 / 176 bpm
8km / 4:13 / 180 bpm

a.  What was the predominant energy system that Daniel would have utilised during this event?

(1 mark)

______

b.  What would be the most specific and recognised fitness test that Daniel could have

undertaken with his class to assess the most predominant energy system utilised in the 8

kilometre event? (1 mark)

______

c.  For the last kilometre, Daniel’s heart rate increased. Explain why this would have

occurred. (2 marks)

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d. For kilometres 5, 6 and 7 Daniel’s heart rate remains in steady state but his speed slows.

With reference to the data, explain why this is likely to have occurred. 3 marks

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e. For two hours following the event Daniel’s oxygen consumption remained elevated above

resting levels. Explain why this was the case. 2 marks

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f. Identify strategy and explain how this strategy could assist Daniel to reduce the time that

his oxygen consumption remained elevated during the post event period? 2 marks

Strategy

______

Explanation

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Question 2:

The graph below shows a recreational runner’s blood lactate concentration during two different

running treadmill tests until they reach exhaustion. The second test was completed 4 months

after the runner completed a regular training program.

a.  Identify what points labeled A and B represent.

______

b.  Name the training method that would enable the shift from point A to B. 1 mark

______

c.  Explain the benefit of moving from point “A” to point “B” when completing the treadmill

test. 2 marks

______

d. The test is completed when the runner is unable to continue, due to fatigue. What is the

most likely cause of this fatigue? 1 mark

______

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