2007 EFT: Rataplan Ghost Rides the WWI Ambulance Playoff Packet 1
Packet by: Jerry Vinokurov
Tossups
1. Rudolf Escher composed a 1952 chamber music piece entitled "The Tomb of" this composer. This man composed only two operas in his lifetime, one of which was entitled The Spanish Hour, while Colette was the librettist for his other opera, The Child and the Enchantments. A student of Gabriel Faure, he set to music three poems by Stephane Malarme, while his piano compositions include Mirroirs, Gaspard de la Nuit, and The Tomb of Couperin. At the age of 14, he composed a solo piano work dedicated to the Princesse de Polignac, Pavanne for a Dead Princess, while famous orchestral pieces by this composer include his Rhapsodie Espagnole. For ten points, identify this man who composed for the Ballet Russes the music for Daphnis and Chloe, but is best known for an orchestral composition that builds to a rousing crescendo, Bolero.
Answer: Maurice Ravel
2. One of these named for John Lennard-Jones is sometimes known as the "6-12" one and is often used to describe noble gas dimers. Another know as the Yukawa one is proportional to the negative exponent of the distance over the distance and describes pion exchanges. A velocity one is used to describe the flow of fluids in irrotational situations, and the phase shift in the Aharonov-Bohm effect is determined by the line integral of the vector one, the curl of which also gives the magnetic field. In electrodynamics, the gradient of the scalar one gives the electric field in the steady state. For ten points, identify these physical quantities, from which work may be extracted and converted to kinetic energy.
Answer: potentials
3. With Nelson Aldrich, Oliver Platt, and John Spooner, one sponsor of this piece of legislation made up "the Four" in the Senate, and was later instrumental in the passage of the Hepburn Act. This legislation was part of a compromise reached by the 45th Congress that also included the passage of the Resumption Act, and supporters of this measure also decried the "Crime of '73" which took place during the Grant administration. Passed over the veto of Rutherford Hayes and providing for a 16 to 1 ratio irrespective of market value, for ten points, identify this 1878 piece of legislation which resumed silver coinage, named for a senator from Iowa and a Missouri representative, which was supplanted by the 1890 Sherman Silver Purchase Act.
Answer: Bland-Allison Silver Purchase Act
4. Upon completion, the Seville Cathedral replaced this building as the largest church in the world. The semicircular niches with open arcades attached to the half-domes in this building make it somewhat similar to contemporary San Vitale, while its interior contains such decorations as the Deesis mosaic and the depiction of Christ Pantocrator on the underside of its most famous feature. Designed by Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus, this building combines a longitudinal axis with a central-plan church, and is remarkable for its use of pendentives to support its large dome. Converted into a mosque in 1453, for ten points, identify this most famous of Byzantine churches, located in present-day Istanbul.
Answer: Hagia Sophia or Church of the Holy Wisdom or Ayasofya
5. The Born-Oppenheimer approximation is often used with this experimental technique to assume that the central atoms do not move during the experiment. When using this experimental technique, fewer than the predicted number of vibration bands are typically seen because of band degeneracy and because some vibrations do not cause a change in dipole moment. When these bands are observed, they are seen in what is known as the “group frequency” region, while unique patterns are found in the region of 1450 to 600 inverse centimeters, for which reason it is known as the “fingerprint region.” Employing light with a wavelength of between 4,000 and 500 inverse centimeters, for ten points, identify this spectroscopic method that employs light that is less energetic than visible light.
Answer: infrared spectroscopy
6. One of the disorders caused by them is associated with a homozygous polymorphism at position 129, while another known as CPEB is found in the nervous system and stimulates mRNA translation. In yeast, they can be formed from Sup35p and Ure2p, and eliminated through increased chaperone activity. They are characterized in part by their resistance to digestion by proteases and by their insolubility, and their secondary structures are dominated by beta sheets rather than alpha helices. Discovered by Stanley Pruisner to be malformed proteins, for ten points, identify these infectious agents, the causes of such diseases as fatal familial insomnia, kuru, Creutzfeld-Jacobs, and mad cow disease.
Answer: prions
7. The altarpiece of the AbbeyChurch in Klosterneuburg, Austria, and the Shrine of the Three Kings in the Cologne Cathedral are two famous works by Nicholas of this location. With Metz and Toul, this location formed the Three Bishoprics, and during the War of the First Coalition, this town fell on September 2nd, 1792 to the Prussians, just weeks before their loss at Valmy. A treaty was signed at this location following a defeat for Lothair I at Fontenoy in 841, while a battle that took place at this location on the MeuseRiver began in February of 1916 and made a hero of Henri Petain. For ten points, identify this French town, which served as the site of the 843 treaty that divided Charlemagne's empire, as well as one of the bloodiest battles of World War I which resulted in roughly 400,000 casualties for both sides.
Answer: Verdun
8. In a song of this name, the singer warns the listeners that "sitting on the fence, that's a dangerous course" because "you could even catch a bullet from the peace-keeping force," and in the last verse, advises mothers to lock up their daughters. That song is found on an album which contains such tracks as "News" and "Single-Handed Sailor," while a recent album of this name contains the single "Suburban Knights" and was the follow up to 2005's Stars of CCTV. More famous is the film of this name, in which Henry Fonda as the villain Frank squares off against Harmonica, played by Charles Bronson to music composed by Ennio Morricone. For ten points, give the shared title of a movie directed by Sergio Leone, the first track from Dire Straits' Communique, and the latest album release from the British band Hard-Fi, which referes to a singular occurence in the Occident.
Answer: Once Upon a Time in the West
9. One work in this collection opens by addressing the men "who fought with Washington in Valley Forge," while another concerns a gun-smith from Odessa who just wanted to study Kant in peace. In another work, a character opines that "a moral truth is a hollow tooth which must be propped up with gold," and numerous works reference the collapse of the local bank under the leadership of Thomas Rhodes and his son Ralph. Archibald Higbie recalls how he loathed and tried to rise above the title location, whose more famous residents include Ann Rutledge, the purported love interest of Abraham Lincoln, and Lucinda Matlock. For ten points, identify this collection of poems about the dead residents of a Midwestern town, written by Edgar Lee Masters.
Answer: SpoonRiver Anthology
10. Stephen Toulmin argued that the central events of this man's most important work are both more common and less dramatic than this man thought, and in 1992, this man criticized proponents of a "Strong Programme" who sought to extend his views. Together with Paul Feyerabend and Imre Lakatos, this man contributed to a volume of conference papers entitled Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge, and he outlined the basic thesis of his most important work in 1959's "The Essential Tension." In his most famous work, this man drew on Quine's indeterminacy of translation to advance the role of theory-dependence of observation and the incommensurability thesis in bringing about the titular events. For ten points, identify this philosopher who proposed that science advances through a series of "paradigm shifts" in his The Structure of Scientific Revolutions.
Answer: Thomas Kuhn
11. The last chapter of the Tale of Genji and the 1959 work about Otokuni Tadasu, written by Junichiro Tanizaki, are both titled after the one of "dreams." The kapia of one of these objects is a central meeting place for the residents of Visegrad in a novel by the winner of the 1961 Nobel Prize in Literature, while another of these objects is constructed under the direction of Colonel Nicholson in a 1952 novel by Pierre Boulle. A collection of poetry titled after this kind of structure includes such sections as "Ave Maria" and "Cutty Sark," while the collapse of another is witnessed by Brother Juniper is a Thornton Wilder work about the one of San Luis Rey. Featured in literature as spanning the Drina and the River Kwai, for ten points, identify this structure, which also names Hart Crane's most famous work of poetry.
Answer: bridge
12. A temporary setback in the history of these peoples involves the loss of the satellite kingdom of Wassukkani to the Assyrians under Ashur-uballit I, and according to the Edict of Telipinus, attributed to a king of these people, their history began with a king named Labarnas. Among the tablets of these people discovered at Bogazkoy is the tale of two kings of Kussara named Pitkhanas and Anittas, and their military exploits include one of the first battles for which a tactical description survives, a clash against Ramses II at Kadesh. For ten points, identify these Indo-European people of Anatolia whose leaders included Muwatallis and Supilluliumas I, and who had their capital at Hattusas.
Answer: Hittites
13. In the introduction to this work, the author briefly analyzes the historical manifestations of the titular concept among the Polynesians and the Icelandic communities "in the time of the Sagas," but postpones the presentation of evidence until the chapter on the survival of archaic traits. In the chapter which introduces this work's most famous concept, the author analyzes the "ceremonial differentiation of the dietary" as it applies to "intoxicating beverages and narcotics," while another chapter proposes a new explanation for the conservatism of the rich. Gambling habits are examined in a chapter on "The Belief in Luck," and this work concludes with the example of "Higher Learning as an Expression of the Pecuniary Culture." Most famous for its explication of the idea of "conspicuous consumption," for ten points, identify this 1899 work, the most famous of Thorstein Veblen.
Answer: The Theory of the Leisure Class
14. In one version of her story, Eos' lust for young men was a punishment for seducing this mythical character, and Hera appointed Priapus as tutor to this character when he was young, as a result of which he became a perfect dancer. Possibly the father of Ixion, as a child this character was imprisoned by Otus and Ephialtes in some brass jars, and he also experienced imprisonment at the hands of Hephaestos after seducing Aphrodite. According to legend, the race of bronze men took pleasure only in the works of this god, who during the Trojan war, was wounded by Diomedes with the help of Athena and Hera. For ten points, identify this son of Zeus and brother of Athena who was accompanied by Phobos and Deimos, the Greek god of war.
Answer: Ares
15. In the late 19th century, this country saw a civil war known as the Revolution of the Lances, and its 20th century history saw the rise of the Battlista party, founded by Jose Battle y Ordonez. This country's independence was achieved as the result of the efforts of the Blandengues, led by Jose Artigas. Following indedpendence, this country saw a "Great War," a power struggle between supporters of Jose Rivera and Manuel Oribe known as the Colorados and the Blancos, respectively, and together with Argentina and Brazil, this nation formed the Triple Alliance that battled Paraguay in the war of the same name. First explored by Juan Diaz de Solis and originally known as the Banda Oriental, for ten points, identify this South American country with capital at Montevideo.
Answer: Uruguay
16. This man recently published a book entitled The Lucifer Eeffect that examines, among other things, his own most famous work. One of this man's first experiments was to abandon cars in both poor and affluent neighborhoods and study the reactions of the residents, research that led to James Wilson and George Kelling's formulation of the "broken window" theory. With Lynne Henderson, this man is currently the co-director of the Shyness Clinic, which grew out of his work in his Jordan Hall laboratory, though he is best known for an experiment conducted with Curtis Banks and Christina Maslach, which had to be abandoned after six days due to ethics concerns. For ten points, identify this psychologist, most famous for examining the dynamics of power and behavior in the Stanford Prison experiment.
Answer: Philip Zimbardo
17. Although the ending of this work is lost, the conclusion in which the title object is given to the newlyweds has been reconstructed on the basis of the two Arguments that precede this work. At one point in this work, the owner of the title object decides to take it to the Temple of Faith, and the slave Staphyla observes the main character's strange behavior in the first act. The location of the titular object is revealed by Lar Familiaris, the household god, and eventually Megadorus's plan to marry Phaedria falls through, resulting in her marriage to the man who raped her during the festival of Ceres, Lyconides. For ten points, identify this play, whose title monetary stash is hidden by the miserly Euclio, a comedy by Plautus.
Answer: Aulularia or The Pot of Gold
18. These use of these objects is central to the operation of the Bloom filter and the Rabin-Karp algorithm, while one of thse named after Pearson performs its operation without the use of bit-shifting or exclusive-OR. The Merkle-Damgard construction can be employed to construct them. The cuckoo variety of them implements a dictionary using two arrays to resolve conflicts, and other methods of handling colllisions in their namesake tables include bucket and chaining methods. Storage methods employing these functions have a search runtime of "big-O of 1," and commonly used ones including MD5 and the SHA family. For ten points, identify these functions important in computer science, which produce a fixed-length key for every input value.
Answer: hash
19. Among this writer's poetry is a free-verse poem about the black experience in America entitled "The King of Harlem." That poem and others are contained in his collection The Poet in New York, while other collections of this man's poetry include Divan and Other Writings and Gypsy Ballads. In this writer's first play, the title insect abandons a cockroach who falls in love with her, while another play chronicles the relationship between the oppresive titulat matriarch and her four daughters and ends with Adela's suicide. His most famous play ends with the deaths of Leonardo and the Bridegroom, and with the previous play and Yerma forms his so-called "Rural trilogy." For ten points, identify this Spanish writer, best known for plays such as The House of Bernarda Alba and Blood Wedding
Answer: Federico Garcia Lorca
20. One of these works states that "everything endowed with an individual shape" is to be regarded as a dream, while another of these works, sometimes known as the one "of the Good Law," contains a section in which thousands of worlds are made visible in every direction. The Pitaka one refers to an entire body of work and contains such sections as the Digha Nikaya and the Samyutta Nikaya, forming the canon of the Hinayana school, while the "Heart" one is a discourse on the "Perfection of Wisdom" in the words of Avalokitesvara. Denoting an expository doctrinal composition in both Hindu and Buddhist traditions, for ten points, identify this word referring to the scriptures of these traditions, examples of which include the Diamond, Lotus, and Kama.
Answer: sutra
21. One of this artist's paintings depicts two major works of literature as women holding a sword and an oar while a winged figure performs the titular action, while in another painting, helmeted soldiers approach a seated man playing a lyre. That painting, Achilles Receiving the Envoys of Agamemnon, won this artist the Prix de Rome, and he would later celebrate the union of church and state in his The Vow of Louis XIII. Holding drawing to be superior to painting, this artist created a famous portrait of Louis Bertin, while official commissions for Napoleon include the canvases Romulus, Conqueror of Acron and The Dream of Ossian, in addition to his Napoleon as First Consul. For ten points, identify this student of Jacques-Louis David, best known for his depiction of a courtesan with three extra vertebrae, The Grand Odalisque.