Physics 207 Exam #2
Spring 2005
Name:______
1) Give three examples of types of fossil fuels (Hint: think solid, liquid and gas)(6 points)
2) What is the cleanest burning of the fossil fuels? (3 points)
3) Approximately what percentage of the United States’ energy comes from fossil fuels? (3 points)
4) What region of the world has the largest proven reserves of petroleum? (3 points)
5) Approximately when did oil production peak in the United States. (2 points)
6) Which of the fossil fuels does the United States have the largest proven reserves of? (3 points)
7) List three different types of coal. (3 points)
8) What is the most common type of coal in the United States? (3 points)
9) What is meant by the term cracking in relation to the refining of petroleum? (3 points)
10) After an oil well stops producing by ordinary extraction processes (i.e. primary and secondary methods), approximately how much of the oil is still left in the ground? (3 points)
11) What is the name of each of the oil traps shown below? (3 points)
a) ______b)______c)______
12) Based on the various forces that a cars engine must overcome in the course of driving, what is the single most important thing that can be done to increase a car’s gas mileage? (3 points)
13) Why do electric utilities typically use very high voltages (up to 750,000 Volts) when transmitting electric power over long distances? (3 points)
14) Consumer demand for electrical utilities are divided into Base Load, Part Time Load, and Peak Load. Why does power during peak loads cost 3 to 4 times as much as the power during base and part time loads? (3 points)
15) A fairly standard bulb that is used in America has a rated power of 100W when it is plugged into a 120 Volt outlet.
a) What is the current through the bulb when it is plugged in? (3 points)
b) What is the Resistance of the bulb? (3 points)
c) If the bulb is plugged into a European outlet where the voltage is 220 Volts, how much current will flow through the bulb? (hint: the resistance does not change.) (3 points)
d) How much power is dissipated by the bulb when it is plugged in in Europe? (3 points)
16) List two methods that are employed for disposing of waste heat from electric power plants. (4 points)
17) List two consequences of increasing the temperature of lakes and rivers by putting large amounts of waste heat into them from electric power plants. (4 points)
18) Why is the emission of sulfur dioxide by coal burning power plants regarded as a significant problem? (3 points)
19) Throughout geologic history, what is the general relationship between the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere and the average global temperature of the earth? ( 3 points)
20) List the following types of radiation in order of increasing frequency: infrared, ultraviolet, visible, xray. (4 points)
21) Why does an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere tend to trap more heat near the surface of the earth? (4 points)
22) The surface of the sun has a temperature of 6000 K .
a) What is the wavelength of the peak in the radiation spectrum coming from the sun? (2 points)
b) What would the peak wavelength be if the temperature of the sun suddenly increased to 12000 K? (2 points)
c) By how much would the total power radiated by the sun increase if the temperature of the sun increased to 12000 K? (Assume nothing else changes) (2 points)
Multiple Choice (2 points each)
23___ / In a once through cooling process, how many gallons of water are required per second for every Megawatt of power generated in order that the temperature of the water not be increased by more than 15 degrees Fahrenheit?a) 1 gallon
b) 10 gallons
c) 100 gallons
d) 1000 gallons
24___ / Oil shale is currently an unproven reserve of fossil fuels due to problems in extracting it. If we are able to develop the necessary technology for extracting it how does the estimated reserve of oil shale compare with the estimated reserves of crude oil in the United States.
a) There would be more crude oil than shale oil.
b) There would be approximately the same amount of crude oil and oil shale.
c) There would be slightly more shale oil than crude oil.
d) There would be a lot more oil shale than crude oil.
25___ / We may induce a voltage (and hence a current) in a loop of wire immersed in a magnetic field by
a) changing the strength of the magnetic field.
b) changing the size of the loop of wire.
c) changing the orientation of the loop in the magnetic field.
d) all of the above.
e) none of the above.
26___ / While traveling at highway speeds on level ground, what is typically the most significant force that a car’s engine must overcome?
a) Acceleration Force
b) Hill Climbing Force
c) Rolling Friction Force
d) Aerodynamic Drag Force
27___ / What is the primary use of petroleum in the United States
a) Heating
b) Generation of Electricity
c) Transportation
d) Cooking French Fries
28___ / A positive and a negative charge are sitting next to each other. Which of the following is true?
a). The charges will attract each other.
b) The charges will repel each other.
c) The charges will neither attract or repel each other
d) None of the above
29___ / When we look at the stars in the night sky they appear to be different colors. Which color of star would be the hottest?
a) red
b) yellow
c) blue
30___ / Which of the following type of particle collectors remove the smallest particles from smoke stacks
a) gravitational particle collectors
b) electrostatic precipitators
c) cyclonic particle collectors
d) Inversion collectors
Potentially Use Equation
/ Thermal Energy
Newton’s 2nd Law
/ If we know Fahrenheit and want Celsius
Definition of momentum
/ If we know Celsius and want Fahrenheit
Kinetic Energy
/ If we know Celsius and want Kelvin
Gravitational Potential Energy
/ Conservation of Energy
If constant acceleration
/ Electric Currents, Power, Voltage Resistance
Heat Engine
/ Forces on cars
Light and Waves