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7.Scarabin PY, Alhenc-Gelas M, Plu-Bureau G, Taisne P, Agher R, Aiach M. Effects of oral and transdermal estrogen/progesterone regimens on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in postmenopausal women. A randomized controlled trial. ArteriosclerThrombVasc Biol. 1997;17(11):3071–3078. Holtorff 182
8.Martinez C, Basurto L, Zarate A, Saucedo R, Gaminio E, Collazo J. Transdermal estradiol does not impair hemostatic biomarkers in postmenopausal women. Maturitas. 2005;50(1):39–43. Holtorff 183
9.Oger E, Alhenc-Gelas M, Lacut K, et al. Differential effects of oral and transdermal estrogen/progesterone regimens on sensitivity to activated protein C among postmenopausal women: a randomized trial. ArteriosclerThrombVasc Biol. 2003;23(9):1671–1676. Holtorff 184
10.Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL, et al; Writing Group for the Women’s Health Initiative Investigators. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results From the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2002;288(3):321–333. Holtorff 71
11.Anderson GL, Limacher M, Assaf AR, et al. Effects of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2004;291(14):1701–1712. Holtorff 72 May not need this one
12.Chlebowski RT, Hendrix SL, Langer RD, et al. Influence of estrogen plus progestin on breast cancer and mammography in healthy postmenopausal women: the Women’s Health Initiative Randomized Trial. JAMA. 2003;289(24):3243–3253. Holtorff 73
13.Cushman M, Kuller LH, Prentice R, et al. Estrogen plus progestin and risk of venous thrombosis. JAMA. 2004;292(13):1573–1580. Holtorff 160
14.Feeman WE Jr. Thrombotic stroke in an otherwise healthy middleaged female related to the use of continuous-combined conjugated equine estrogens and medroxyprogesterone acetate. J GendSpecif Med. 2000;3(8):62–64. Holtorff 171
15..Adams MR, Kaplan JR, Manuck SB, etal. Inhibition of coronary artery atherosclerosis by 17-beta estradiol in ovariectomized monkeys. Lack of an effect of added progesterone. Arteriosclerosis.1990;10(6):1051–1057 Holtorff175
16.Adams MR, Register TC, Golden DL, Wagner JD, Williams J. Medroxyprogesterone acetate antagonizes inhibitory effects of conjugated equine estrogens on coronary artery atherosclerosis. ArteriosclerThrombVasc Biol. 1997;17(1):217–221 Holtorff 152
17.Wagner JD, Martino MA, Jayo MJ, Anthony MS, Clarkson TB, Cefalu WT. The effects of hormone replacement therapy on carbohydrate metabolism and cardiovascular risk factors in surgically postmenopausal cynomolgus monkeys. Metabolism. 1996;45(10):1254–1262 Holtorff 167
18.Morey AK, Pedram A, Razandi M, et al. Estrogen and progesterone inhibit vascular smooth muscle proliferation. Endocrinology. 1997;138(8):3330–3339 Holtorff 177
19.Houser SL, Aretz HT, Quist WC, Chang Y, Schreiber AD. Serum lipids and arterial plaque load are altered independently with high dose progesterone in hypercholesterolemic male rabbits. CardiovascPathol. 2000;9(6):317–32 Holtorff 181
20.Fournier A, Berrino F, Riboli E, Avenel V, Clavel-Chapelon F. Breast cancer risk in relation to different types of hormone replacement therapy in the E3N-EPIC cohort. Int J Cancer. 2005;114:448–454.
21.Porch JV, Lee IM, Cook NR, Rexrode KM, Burin JE. Estrogen-progestin replacementtherapy and breast cancer risk: the Women’s Health Study (United States). Cancer Causes Control.2002;13(9):847–854.
22.Brineat, M., et al., “Long-term effects of the menopause and sex hormones on skin thickness,” Br J. ObstetGynaecol 1985; 92(3):256-259.
23.Fitzpatrick LA, Pace C, Witta B. Comparison of regimens containing oral micronized progesterone of medroxyprogesterone acetate on quality of life in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional survey. J Womens Health Gend Based Med. 2000;9(4):381–387.
24.The Youth Effect Hardcover – November 19, 2007 by Ronald L. Brown (Author), MD (Author), Melissa Block (Editor), NA (Illustrator) This may need rearranged.
25.Smith, Pamela Wartian, M.D., MPH. HRT: The Answers – A Concise Guide for Solving the Hormone Replacement Therapy Puzzle. Traverse City, MI: 2003 edition
26.Rosano, G., et al., “Syndrome X in women is associated with estrogen deficiency,” Eur Heart J.; 1995; 16:610-14. Smith 195
27.Vliet, E, Women Weight and Hormones, New York: M. Evans & Company, 2001; pg 39. Smith 196
28.Sinatra, S., Heart Sense for Women. Washington, D.C. LifeLine Press, 2000, pg 208. Smith 549
29.Laux, M., Natural Woman, Natural Menopause. New York: Harper Collins, 1997, pg21. Smith 40
30.Sarrel, P., et al., “Estrogen actions in arteries, bone and brain,” Sci Am. Med 1994; 1:44 Smith 61
31.Aloia, J., et al., “Relationship of menopause to skeletal and muscle mass,” Am J. Clin Nut 1991:53:1378-83 Smith 214
32.Ibid., Vliet p. 84. Smith 213
33.Ibid., Vliet p. 99. Smith 229
34.Ibid., Vliet p. 100. Smith 232
35.Ibid., Vliet p. 45. Smith 201
36.Jacobs, D., et al., “Cognitive function in nondeminated older women who took estrogen after menopause,” Neurology 1998; 50(2):368-373. Smith 482
37.Sherwin, B., et al., “Estrogen effects on cognitions in menopausal women,” Neurology 1997: 48(suppl 7): S21-S26. Smith 483
38.Kampen, D., et al., “Estrogen use and verbal memory in health post-menopausal women” ObstetGynecol1994; 83(6):979-983. Smith 484
39.Henderson, V., et al., “The epidemiology of estrogen replacement therapy and Alzheimer’s disease,” Neurology 1997; 48:S27-S35. Smith 409
40.Sherman, B., et al., “Estrogen use and verbal memory in healthy postmenopausal women,” Obstet and Gynecol1994; 83(6):979-83. Smith 410
41.Vliet, E., et al., “New insights on hormones and mood,” Menopause Management 1993; June/July:140-146. Smith 412
42.Tang, M., et al., “effect of oestrogen during menopause on risk and age at onset of Alzeheimer’s disease,” Lancet 1996; 348:p429-432. Smith 411
43.Nachtigall, L. Estrogen The Facts Can Change Your Life. Ne York: HarperCollins, 1995, pg. 27 Smith 52
44.Sinatra, S., Optimum Health, Gatlinburg, TN: The Lincoln-Bradley Publishing Group, 1996; p.164.Smith 405
45.Warga, C, Menopause and the Mind, New York: Simon and Schuster, 1999; p. 92 Smith 311
46.Sudhir, L., et al., “Estrogen replacement therapy and cardiovascular protection: Lipid mechanisms are the tip of an iceberg,” GynecolEndocrinol1998; 12(1):43-59 Smith 492
47.Rice, M., et al., “Estrogen use and verbal memory in healthy postmenopausal women without dementia,” Am J. Med 1997; 103(3A):26S-35S. Smith 485
48.Chadhurz, N., et al., “Antioxidant and pro-oxidant actions of estrogens: potential physiological and clinical implications,”Seminare in Reproductive Endocrin1998; 16(4):309-314. Smith 547
49.Sinatra, S., Heart Sense for Women, Washington, D.C.: LifeLine Press, 2000, p.205 Smith 543
50.Ibid., Vliet, p. 224 Smith 472
51.Ibid., Sinatra, p. 210 Smith 550
52.Hays, B., “Estrogen and depression,” Disorders of the Brain: Emerging Therapies in Complex Neurologic and Psychiatric Conditions. Gig Harbor, Washington: Institute for Functional Medicine, Inc., 2002; p. 280. Smith 268
53.Pansini, F., et al., “Control of carbohydrate metabolism, in menopausal women receiving transdermal estrogen therapy,” Ann NY AcadSci1990; 592:460-462. Smith 98
54.Prior JC.Progesterone as a bone-trophic hormone.Endocr Rev. 1990 May;11(2):386-98
55.Majewska, M., et al., “Steroid hormone metabolites are barbiturate-like modulators of the GABA receptor,” Science 1986;232:1004 Smith 19
56.Ibid.,Laux, p. 75-76. Smith 617
57.Sand, R., et al., “Exogenous androgens in postmenopausl women,” Am J. of Med 1995;98 (IA) Smith 21
58.Persky, H., et al., “Plasma testosterone level and sexual behavior of couples,” Arch Sex Behav1978; 7(3):157-173. Smith 497
59.Brincat, M., et al., “Sex hormones and skin collagen content in postmenopausal woman,” Br Med J. 1983;287(6402;1337-1338. Smith 498
60.Ibid., Vliet, p. 109. Smith 249
61.Davis, S., et al., “Use of androgens in postmenopausal women,” CurrOpinObstetGynecol1997;9(3):177-180. Smith 499
62.Low salivary testosterone levels in patients with breast cancer, Constantine Dimitrakakis, David Zava, Spyros Marinopoulos, Alexandra Tsigginou, ArisAntsaklis and Rebecca Glaser. Low salivary testosterone levels in patients with breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2010, 10:547 doi:10.1186/1471-2407-10-547
63. Ahlgrimm, M., The HRT Solution. 1999; New York:Avery Publishing, p. 28. Smith417
64.Heller, L, The Essentials of Herbal Care Part II. San Clemente, CA: Metagenics, Inc., 2000, p. 1144. Smith 81
65.Ibid., Heller, L., p. 1145. Smith 82
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67.Physicians Desk Reference, 44th edition, 1990.
68.Rylance, PB; et al.; Natural progesterone and antihypertensive action.; Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1985 Jan 5;290(6461) 13-4.
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70.Minshall D R, Stanczyk Z F, Miyagawa K, Uchida B, Axthelm M, NovyM et. al., OvarianSteroid Protection against Coronary Artery Hyperreactivity in Rhesus Monkeys. Journal ofClinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1998: 83(2) p. 649-59.
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72.Cundy,T, et.al. Spinal Bone Density in Women Using Depot Medroxyprogesterone
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73.Prior, JC. Progesteone as a Bone Trophic Hormone. Endocr Rev 1990 May; 11(2):386-98.
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75.Arafat, ES, et.at. Sedative and hypnotic effects of oral administration of micronized progesterone may be mediated through its metabolites. Am J ObstatGynecol Nov 1988; 159(6):1203-09.
76.Estrogen and Progestogens in Clincal Practice; Harcourt Brace & Co, 1998 ISBN 0 443 04706
77.Bolaji, et.al. Low-dose progesterone therapy in oestrogenised postmenopausal women; effects on plasma lipids, lipop[roteins and liver function parameters; EUROBS, 48 (1993) 61-68.
78.Darj,E,et.al. Liver metabolism during treatment with estradiol and natural progesterone; Gynecol.Endocrinol. 7 (1993) 111-114.
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81.Management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: 2010 position statement of The North American Menopause Society. Menopause: The Journal of The North American Menopause Society Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 25/54
82.Kuhl, H. Pharmacology of estrogens and progestogens: influence of different routes of administration. Climacteric 2005;8(Supp I)
83.Ishiko, O. et al. Hormone Replacement Therapy plus Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise for Postmenopausal Stress Incontinence, A Randomized, Controlled Trial.. The Journal of Reproductive Medicine, Volume 46, Number 3/March 2001
84.Melis, Gian Benedetto et al. Salmon calcitonin plus intravaginal estriol: and effective treatment for the menopause. Maturitas 24 (1996) 83-90.
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