1. What Problems Had to Be Overcome Before Africa's Interior Could Be Opened to Western

1. What problems had to be overcome before Africa's interior could be opened to western explores? what helped to overcome these problems?

Among the many problems Africa's interior had to be overcome were the following: Malaria, the native resistance against the explorers, and the explorer’s lack of knowledge of the African Territory. Because the Europeans did not have the sickle cell trait, they had no resistance to Malaria; Quinine was use to combat malaria’s infections. In their struggle to reduce the hostilities of aggressive indigenous, the western explorers used their weapons and war tactics. They overcame their lack of region’s geographic knowledge by exploring more in deep in to the territory, especially the river’s system.

2. Why would Confucian philosophy discourage trade? What could result from commercial activities and why would this be bad?

According to the Confucian philosophical principles, the agriculture was the system that plays a more significant role in the progress of a state; the prosperity of a country lays on the success ofits agrarian state. Per Confucian thoughts, the results of trade and commerce will always be the disproportionate delivery of goods to the disadvantage of the majority.

3. Why didn't post-world war 2 Jews seek revenge against Germany? Where did they funnel their anger toward Germany?

The many physical and psychological effects, the religious repercussion, and the loss of identity among their children were part of the problems faced by the Jews survivors. Their approach to defeat the Nazis was to stand for themselves as bear witness of their atrocities, most of them sought after higher education, a better social status and incursion in politics in order to become famous or wealthy. Nevertheless most survivors dedicated a great part of their life to demand decorum for the Holocaust victims, to convey the message of the true meaning of genocide, how could it be prevented from happening again and to help their victimized population in general.

4. Explain the terms "continuity" and " complementarity" in relation to domestic and factory systems

Complementarity refers to how all technological change increases the relative demand for skilled labor, which facilitates the adoption of new machinery in the process of going from the domestic to the factory system. As the term continuity refers to the event when domestic workers transform themselves into factory hands.

5. What role did Confucian philosophy play in japans modernizing program?

Confucianism is estimated to have arrived in Japan in the third century, on the seventh century, the scholars took interest in Philosophy in the aims of organizing their social order and government. Confucianism granted Japan with a hierarchical model for social and political order, in which the person in the superior position is to care for the person in the lower, and the person in the lower position is to be loyal to the superior. Confucian political philosophy accentuates the role of moral virtue in society and advocates a broad notion of good society. A good society does not only prosper economically but also virtually. A good society is to be led by virtuous leaders, supported by virtuous people, for from the Confucian view only virtuous persons can adequately care for others and only virtuous lives are worth living. (1)

6. Why were folk tales and slave songs important to Caribbean slaves?

Slaves were forbidden to speak their languages, denied the right of education, could not learn to write or read. The folk tales and slave songs were an avenue for them to orally transmit their culture, many of their suffering as slaves since most of the tales were often centered in animals they considered weak who at the end overcome the struggles of being oppressed by stronger animals, these stories have an strong significance to them as they as well were being oppressed by slavery.The songs were used to pass on principles and morals, take their mind off their manual labor, clandestinely dissent their circumstances, ingeniously scorn their masters, and furtively pass information to one another.

7. Briefly describe how American-made machines exhibited at the centennial exposition of 1876 differed from European-made machines?

The many physical and psychological effects, the religious repercussion, and the loss of identity among their children were part of the problems faced by the Jews survivors. Their approach to defeat the Nazis was to stand for themselves as bear witness of their atrocities, most of them sought after higher education, a better social status and incursion in politics in order to become famous or wealthy. Nevertheless most survivors dedicated a great part of their life to demand decorum for the Holocaust victims, to convey the message of the true meaning of genocide, how could it be prevented from happening again and to help their victimized population in general

8. What effects did World War 1 have on Britain's position as Europe's financial center?

Before the war England was the great creditor nation of the world, being the major supplier of shipping and insurance services to the rest of the world. The cost that England paid for the war was vast England expended all of its credits becoming greatly indebted to the United States. The result of the war, the world's financial center transferred from England to the United States, from London to New York.

9. After World War 1 the Bolsheviks sought to achieve the Allied ideal of freedom. On what did they believe individual freedom depended and how did they go about achieving it?

Socialism was the political system theBolsheviks trusted would achieve them complete freedom; Lenin once wrote: "At the head of the whole of the people, and particularly of the peasantry—for complete freedom, for a consistent democratic revolution, for a republic! At the head of all the toilers and the exploited—for Socialism! Such must in practice be the policy of the revolutionary proletariat, such is the class slogan which must permeate and determine the solution of every tactical problem, of every practical step of the workers' party during the revolution."(2) Throughout, the social pressure group of the proletariat passing from the bourgeois revolution to the direct transition to Socialist revolution.

10. How did the Dutch attitude toward trade in India differ from England's attitude? What was England's response to the Dutch approach?

Dutch merchants were forced to rely upon the strength of their trade abilities with the natives rather than occupation and colonization; they had to pay more for some goods. The British promulgated the Navigation Acts in order to control the mercantile system. The driving force of these Acts was to keep their trading advantages on behave of the English Empire. The acts were purposely designed against the Dutch traders, whom the British sensed had challenged their domination of the seas. It was the Navigation Acts that eventually led to war between the British and Dutch.

References

1) Japanese Confucian Philosophy (2008) Origins and Varieties of Confucian Philosophy, retrieve on 04/ 10//2011 from

2) HISTORY OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF THE SOVIET UNION (BOLSHEVIKS) (1939) CHAPTER THREE, Soviet History Archive | J. V. Stalin Archive, Retrieve on 04/10/2011 from: