Sample Questions – These are not the exact question, but will give an idea of what I am looking for

Jackson heard that eating a hearty breakfast before an exam will help you score better and with midterms coming up he wanted to test that idea. He had a group of 10 friends and separated them into two even groups. In one group he served them pancakes, eggs, bacon, and fruit. The other group didn’t have any breakfast. 30 minutes later, the two groups were put into the same room. A series of 20 random numbers was project on the wall for 30 seconds. Then each person had to write down the numbers they could remember. This was repeated for 4 days, switching which group received breakfast.

1.)What is the independent variable? – eating breakfast

2.)What is the dependent variable? – test scores

3.)What is one constant between both groups? – there are many of these – type of breakfast, time given to study, how many numbers, how they were tested

4.)What is the control group?- the group that didn’t eat breakfast

5.)What is the problem question?- What is the effect of the IV on the DV or What is the effect of eating breakfast on test scores

6.)What is the hypothesis? If a student eats breakfast then the test score will increase

7.)There are seven characteristics of life. Give an example of each

There are many examples…here are just a few

  1. Made of cellshumans have many different types of cells including neurons, muscle, intestinal, pancreatic, macrophages, and many others.
  1. Multicellular organisms show levels of organization humans have organ systems like digestive and nervous that made up many different organs like the stomach or intestine, that made of different types of tissues like muscle or skin, that made from many different types of cells.
  1. Living thing use energy – plants get energy from the sun and change it into calories (chemical energy) they use to power their bodies to grow, reproduce, and get water.
  1. Living things respond to their environment – When it is hot outside dog will pant to cool off, or human will sweat.
  1. Living things grow and develop – a butterfly starts off as caterpillar that changes over time.
  1. Living things reproduce – chickens lay eggs that may hatch and become baby chicks.
  1. Living thing are adapted to their environment

Polar bears are white so they blend in with their environment

8.) There are four types of bond - ionic, covalent, polar covalent, and hydrogen bonds. How are these bond formed? Which is the weakest?

Ionic – electrons are removed or added to atoms giving them charges. The opposite charges attract to each other creating a strong bond

Covalent – electrons are shared evenly between two or more atoms

Polar – electrons are shared unevenly creating a small + charge and a small – negative charge.

Hydrogen – weak bond between two polar molecules. Easily broken and reformed

9.)How are cohesion and adhesion similar how are different?

Both cohesion and adhesion are properties of water caused by the hydrogen bonds in the water. Cohesion is when water will stick to other water molecules causing pooling or beads of water. Adhesion is when water will stick to other things like the side of a bottle or grass

10.)How does water act as solvent?

Solvents are used to dissolve substances. Water is known as the universal solvent because it can dissolve polar molecules and ionic.

11.)What is unique about each of the biomolecules?

  1. Carbohydrates

Element – C H2 Ofound in breads, pasta, sugars

used for short term energymonosaccharide and polysaccharide

  1. Lipids

Element – C H Ofound in oils and fats

Used for long term energy storagetwo monomers

  1. Nucleic Acids

Elements –C H O N Pfound in DNA/RNA

Used for genetic storagemonomer nucleotide

  1. Proteins

Elements – C H O Nfound in eggs, meat, nuts, beans, milk

Monomer- Amino Acid

12.)How can you tell the difference between prokaryotes different then eukaryotes?

Prokaryotes - no nucleus, and no membrane bound organelle (like mitochondria, ER, lysosomes, etc)

Eurkayrotes – have a nucleus and membrane bound organelle

13.)How can you tell animals cells from plant cells?

Animal cells have lysosomes and lots of small vacuoles

Plant cells have chloroplasts, a cell wall, and one large vacuole

14.)How can you tell an animal cell from a bacteria?

Bacteria (prokaryotes) will have a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes

Animal cells will have more organelle including a nucleus, mitochondria, golgi apparatus, and many others.

15.)What organelles are needed to make proteins, remember to start with DNA

DNA is found in the nucleus. DNA hold the instructions for making proteins. Those instructions go to the ribosome that assembles the proteins. Once made the proteins head to the Golgi Apparatus which acts like a warehouse that stores, sorts, and modifies the proteins.

16.)What organelles are needed to create energy for a cell?

Chloroplast takes light energy and changes it into chemical energy (the calories we eat)

Mitochondria take the calories (chemical energy) and changes it into cellular energy.

17.)What are the 3 parts of the cell principal?

  1. All living things are made of cells
  2. The cell is base unit for structure and function for all living things
  3. All cells come from preexisting (already made) cells.

18.)How do molecules, organelles, cells, and tissues relate?

Molecules are used to build organelle, organelles come together and make cells, a bunch of cells that have same job come together and make a tissue.